Berlin-Rudow
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Rudow district of Berlin |
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 25 ′ 0 ″ N , 13 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ E |
| surface | 11.8 km² |
| Residents | 42,631 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density | 3613 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Oct. 1, 1920 |
| Postcodes | 12353, 12355, 12357 |
| District number | 0804 |
| Administrative district | Neukölln |
Rudow [ ˈʁuːdoː ] is a district in the Neukölln district of Berlin . In the past, Gropiusstadt also belonged partly to Rudow; Since November 5, 2001 it has been outsourced as a separate district.
location
Rudow is the southernmost part of the Neukölln district. It borders in the north on the districts of Britz and Baumschulenweg , in the west on Buckow and Gropiusstadt, in the east on Johannisthal and Altglienicke and in the south on the Brandenburg , Schönefeld , Waßmannsdorf and Großziethen towns .
history
The place was first mentioned in a document in 1373. Excavation finds from around or even before 1200 indicate a late Slavic pre-settlement, so that there is continuity of location. The unusual street village had two parallel streets , which indicate two settlement centers (today: Alt-Rudow and Prierosser Straße ). The Brandenburg name book derives the name from a Polabian basic form Rudov , originally Slavic Ruda (= 'red earth' or 'iron stone'). The latter basic form became a toponym with the ending '-ov' .
The ownership structure was very fragmented, the ownership history very complicated. In 1375 the village had 64 hooves , of which the pastor had four hooves and the church had one hoof. According to a feudal letter from Margrave Otto V. , the knight Beteke Dierecke had 14 free hooves (three of which were leased), Gyse Dierecke had seven free hooves, Heinrich Schenck ten free hooves, Claus Duseke eight hooves, of which he had to pay taxes, citizens foam in Cölln had twelve free hooves, Cüne Dyben five free hooves (of three hooves taxes had to be paid to Mrs. Duseke) and three peasant hooves. There were also 16 farms , a jug and a mill. The carriage services (to Mittenwalde Castle ), the upper and lower courts and the patronage over the church were still in the possession of the margrave in 1375, but pledged to a Blumenhagen. In 1613 Rudow came into the possession of the von Pfuel family , in 1652 the rulership of the village changed to the electoral office of Köpenick. In 1671 a part, the Gutsvorwerk, went to the electoral advisor Sigismund von Heydekamp, before King Friedrich I acquired Rudow again in 1702 and incorporated it into the office of Köpenick. After the dissolution of the office in Köpenick, Rudow belonged to the office of Mühlenhof from 1811 to 1872 .
A hunting lodge built around 1680 probably goes back to the sons of the Great Elector , which in 1704 was designated as one of the most distinguished pleasure houses of the king (Rudow Palace). Small remnants of the complex are still preserved in house no. 48 on Prierosser Straße, but due to radical changes they can hardly be recognized, except for the chimney flues on the baroque vaulted roof. The center of the village remained the village church , a rectangular hall building made of field stones from the second half of the 13th century, which, however, was drastically changed several times - most recently in 1909 - and received its present form after severe war damage in 1954. The characteristic Dorfkrug Alt-Rudow 59-61 has been preserved from around 1800, while the wealthy farmers mostly had elaborate houses built in the last third of the 19th century. A vivid example of this is at Köpenicker Straße 180. In 1900, the Rudow station on the Neukölln-Mittenwald railway was opened, and the station building is still preserved today. The manor district was united with the rural community in 1906 and belonged to the Teltow district . On October 1, 1913, the community was connected to the Berlin tram network . It was operated by line 47 of the Great Berlin Tram , coming from Niederschönhausen ; the route was owned by the Südliche Berliner Vorortbahn . Even after the incorporation into Greater Berlin in 1920 , Rudow was largely able to retain its rural character.
Rudow came to the American sector in 1945 with Neukölln . The constriction of West Berlin by the GDR intensified the peripheral location, which is less favorable for traffic. The station had been a terminus since 1948, passenger traffic was discontinued in 1955, the tram in 1966. The connection to the subway was only made with the construction of Gropiusstadt , the Rudow subway station was opened in 1972.
Since the opening of the border , Rudow has been heavily burdened by through traffic due to its proximity to Schönefeld Airport and the connection to the A 113 motorway slip road to the Berliner Ring near Altglienicke - especially in the former course of federal highway 179 over Neuköllner Straße and Waltersdorfer Chaussee . In addition, the Rudower fields are planned as urban expansion areas for the construction of 1,700 to 2,000 apartments. At the time of the last West Berlin census in 1987, Rudow had around 48,000 inhabitants.
On the border with Treptow in the east there are some industrial plants on the Teltow Canal , such as an Innogy wood-fired thermal power station , which supplies large parts of Gropiusstadt with heating and hot water. A popular excursion destination is the 70-meter-high Rudower Höhe on Glashütter Weg , which emerged from a mountain of rubble , with a large toboggan run . The renatured Rudower Fließ runs from the old village center to the city limits on Klein-Ziethener Weg . The southernmost tip of the district - and the entire Neukölln district - is a former garbage dump , which was given the name Dörferblick (height 85 m) after a park-like redesign .
The following example of the monastery pharmacy in Alt-Rudow shows the changes in the cityscape :
- Monastery pharmacy
around 1950
around 1956
2007
Attractions
Parks
- Rudower Fliess
- Rudower height
- Village view
- Aspen pool
- Nordpark with Frauenviertel and Südpark : In 1996, a new building area was built on Rudower Feldern, which is framed by a park in the north and south. In the area known as the women's quarter with around 1,700 apartments, all 20 streets, squares and paths are named after women who were active in politics, science and culture.
- Rudow-Altglienicke Landscape Park: The 64-hectare park was created as a compensation area for the new A 113 . Water buffalo graze there in summer .
- Bird sanctuary on Wildmeisterdamm , also called Rudower Wäldchen : It was created in 1872 by game master Hugo Luther on behalf of Kaiser Wilhelm I. Deer , hares and numerous species of birds soon found themselves in the 600 meter long and up to 100 meter wide area. With the construction of Gropiusstadt, the bird population decreased significantly and the game population completely decreased. Different deciduous trees grow .
Sports
- TSV Rudow 1888
- CfL Berlin Hockey 1965
- Rudower Kickers
- Green and white Neukölln
- Sportfreunde Neukölln Rudow
- BFC Rudow 2006
- Rider Association Rudow e. V.
- SV Stern Britz 1889 e. V.
- Rudower Schützen 1960 e. V.
schools
- Elementary school Am Fliederbusch
- Matthias Claudius Primary School
- Clay high school
- Schliemann primary school
- Michael Ende Elementary School
- Hannah Arendt High School
- Rose Oehmichen Primary School
- Paul Hindemith Music School (Volkshochschule Neukölln)
Personalities
- Hans von Benda (1888–1972), conductor
- Robert von Benda (1816–1899), manor owner and national liberal politician
- Heinz Buschkowsky (* 1948), politician ( SPD )
- Paul Conrath (1896–1979), General
- Arno Funke (* 1950), blackmailer, caricaturist
- Hans-Christian Hausmann (* 1975), politician ( CDU )
- Felix Lobrecht (* 1988), stand-up comedian
- Heinrich Stahl (1868–1942), chairman of the Berlin Jewish Community
- Karl August von Wittich (1772–1831), Prussian major general
- Christian Ziege (* 1972), soccer player
See also
literature
- Lieselott Enders , Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg , part IV Teltow. 396 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar, 1976.
- Christel Wollmann-Fiedler, Jan Feustel: Old Village Churches in Berlin , Berlin Edition, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8148-0089-3 .
- Willy Spatz: Der Teltow , 3rd part, history of the localities of the Teltow district, published by Rob. Rohde, Berlin W, 1912.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Gerhard Schlimpert: Brandenburg name book part 3 The place names of the Teltow. 368 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972, p. 156.
- ^ Leopold von Ledebur: Adelslexikon der Prussischen Monarchy . Rauh, 1856, pp. 196-197.
- ↑ Jagdschloss
- ^ Wolfgang Kramer, Siegfried Münzinger: Southern Berlin suburban railway . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Issue 7, 1963, pp. 69-72 .
- ↑ Route 5 Rudow - Das Frauenviertel , website of the Garden Culture Path Neukölln, accessed on November 8, 2015.
