Berlin-Grünau

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Grünau
district of Berlin
Alt-Treptow Plänterwald Baumschulenweg Oberschöneweide Niederschöneweide Johannisthal Altglienicke Bohnsdorf Grünau Schmöckwitz Friedrichshagen Müggelheim Rahnsdorf Köpenick Adlershof Brandenburg BerlinGrünau on the map of Treptow-Köpenick
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Coordinates 52 ° 25 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  E Coordinates: 52 ° 25 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  E
height 35  m above sea level NN
surface 9.13 km²
Residents 6784 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 743 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation Oct. 1, 1920
Post Code 12527
District number 0913
Administrative district Treptow-Koepenick

Grünau [ gʁyˈnaʊ ] is a district in the Treptow-Köpenick district of Berlin on the left bank of the Dahme . Until the administrative reform in 2001, it was a district in the former Köpenick district .

Grünau is also known for the regatta course Berlin-Grünau and the lido (location east). The station complex of Grünau (location west) is also the connection of the property settlements that extend to the southern outskirts of Bohnsdorf .

geography

The eagle frame runs as a connecting road from the northern Adlershof through the forest to the southeastern Schmöckwitz . The eastern location extends seamlessly into the increasingly dense development of the suburb of Berlin-Köpenick .

Locations

  • Grünau
    • Grünau-West
    • Grünau East
    • At the regatta course

history

Illustration of the painting Rowing Regatta near Grünau by Ernst Oppler , around 1910
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Between 1747 and 1753, on the instructions of Friedrich II , the "old Fritz", colonist villages with the later names Müggelheim , Friedrichshagen and Grünau were founded. The place got the name Auff der Grünen Aue from the first four colonist families from the Palatinate in 1749 and the residents had to pay their hereditary interest to the office in Köpenick. Due to the insufficient heat from the sun and the scarcely fertile Brandenburg sand, the intention to continue the wine culture that had been brought with them failed . Therefore, they initially lived from the cotton mill and - like the Friedrichshagener - started a small silkworm farm . The Seven Years' War stopped the initially favorable development. The place remained sparsely populated for a long time, the colonist houses stood between Büxensteinallee and Libboldallee. In 1800 it had only 59 inhabitants. Gradually, the boat building and laundry industry settled here.

In 1858 there were four farm owners who employed 13 male and female servants. There were still two part-time farmers in the village with five male and female servants and 49 workers. There were nine possessions. Five were between 30 and 300 acres and totaled 356 acres. One property was twenty acres, three under five acres for a total of four acres. There was also a carpenter and a master wheelwright. In 1860 there was one public, 14 residential and 32 commercial buildings in the village. The residents cultivated 296 acres of arable land, 68 acres of meadow and 16 acres of garden land. With the establishment of the first stop of the Berlin-Görlitz Railway in 1866, the Berliners discovered the natural landscape, rich in water, as a local recreation area. In 1874 a line was put into operation as suburban traffic with Berlin. The first Berlin regatta club was founded in 1881 , and with the development of water sports, the flow of day trippers grew at the same time, which led to the construction of numerous restaurants and boathouses for rowing clubs, sailing clubs and canoeing clubs within the shore zones.

Theodor Fontane described the idyllic location of Grünau in his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg . Impressed by the charming location and the low land prices, wealthy citizens of the Wilhelmine era also settled in Grünau and had villas and country houses built on the banks of the Dahme . In 1900 Grünau already had around 2500 inhabitants; there were 152 houses.

In 1903, the Grünau protected area with the Steinbinde forester's house became a Köpenick-Forst Teltow portion of the estate, which was henceforth called Grünau-Dahmer-Forst . This share and Grünau were incorporated into the then newly created Greater Berlin on October 1st, 1920 and became a part of the administrative district of Köpenick. In 1932 Grünau had the sub-residential areas Insel Großer Rohrwall, Strandbad Grünau, Grünau Ost, Grünau Süd, Settlement on the Teltow Canal, Forsthaus Steinbinde, Wirthäuser Am Sportdenkmal, Hanffs Ruh and Richtershorn. The rowing and canoeing competitions were held here on the occasion of the 1936 Olympic Games .

Memorial stone for victims of the Kapp Putsch

Directly opposite the north exit of the Grünau S-Bahn station there is a memorial stone with the inscription:

"In memory of the workers in the Berlin-Köpenick district
who lost their lives in the suppression of the reactionary Kapp Putsch in March 1920"

He recalls the armed resistance of Köpenick workers against the Kapp Putsch . Alexander Futran ( USPD ), one of the leaders of the resistance, was shot dead by coup troops along with others on March 20, 1920 .

At the beginning of the 20th century, in addition to the water sports clubs, chemical factories also settled in Grünau, according to Landshoff & Meyer , which became a subsidiary of VEB Berlin-Chemie in the GDR era .

Population development

Population development in Grünau from 1772 to 1925
year 1772 1801 1817 1840 1858 1895 1925
Residents 69 59 58 with stone bandage 127 with stone bandage 138 1725 4042

Worth seeing

Grünau station
Grünau Society House , 1959
  • Grünau Society House
  • historic Waldgaststätte Hanff's Ruh opened in the
    middle of the 1880s by the retired railway official Ferdinand Hanff on the road to Schmöckwitz; Initially, however, the establishment was just a grocery store, and it was only gradually that the hospitality of day trippers was added. According to the owner's family, the simple wooden building was to be replaced by a two-story house with restoration rooms at the beginning of the 20th century , which, however, was never implemented. Between 1918 and 1982 the inn came to new owners several times, and it remained private even during the GDR era. After the fall of the Wall, the forest restaurant was able to hold its own.
  • Café Liebig in an Art Nouveau atmosphere , opened in 1870. The owners describe the house as “the only original Art Nouveau coffee house in Berlin that has been preserved”.
  • Grandstand of the Grünau regatta course
  • Entertainment establishment "Riviera"
  • Sports monument Berlin-Grünau
  • Grünau forest cemetery
  • Water Sports Museum

→ See also: List of cultural monuments in Berlin-Grünau

Public facilities

Grünauer School

Personalities

Born in Grünau

  • Karl Dönitz (1891–1980), Commander-in-Chief of the Navy and last Reich President during the National Socialist era
  • Otto Tober (1882–1964), cameraman
  • Felix Zymalkowski (1913–2004), naval officer and university professor

Lived or lived in Grünau

Sports

  • Grünauer BC
  • SC Berlin-Grünau
  • Rowing club Empor e. V.
  • Richtershorner Ruderverein Berlin e. V.
  • Rowing Association Rotation e. V.
  • Rudergemeinschaft Grünau e. V.
  • Rowing Club Turbine Grünau e. V.

See also

literature

  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg: Teltow (= Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg . Volume 4). Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.

Web links

Commons : Berlin-Grünau  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pronunciation: the emphasis is on the second syllable.
  2. ^ A b Institute for Monument Preservation (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Capital Berlin-II . Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, p. 352 ff .
  3. ↑ Homepage of the tourist house , accessed on June 23, 2016.
  4. ↑ Homepage Bürgerhaus Grünau , accessed on June 23, 2016.
  5. ↑ Brief information on the Grünau district forester at www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de; accessed on June 23, 2016.
  6. ↑ History of Hanffs Ruh
  7. ↑ Homepage Café Liebig
  8. ↑ Monument ensemble Regattastrasse 158, homestead; Residential house, stables, barns, courtyard paving, including Café Liebig, around 1890
  9. ↑ There is a time difference of twenty years between the information provided by the operator / owner of Café Liebig and the list of monuments of the Berlin Senate regarding the construction!
  10. ^ Website of the Grünau volunteer fire brigade ( Memento from June 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ Hedwigshöhe Hospital homepage , accessed on June 21, 2016.