Alexander Calandrelli
Alexander Emil Ludovico Calandrelli (born May 9, 1834 in Berlin , † May 26, 1903 in Lankwitz ) was a German sculptor of Italian descent.
Life
The son of the gemstone cutter and draftsman Giovanni Calandrelli , who was appointed from Rome in 1832, graduated from the Berlin Academy of Arts from 1847 to 1850 . However, for lack of money, he had to quit his studies early. However, he was able to continue his training in the workshops of August Wredow , Friedrich Wilhelm Dankberg (until 1852) and Friedrich Drake (until 1855). He then worked for Ferdinand August Fischer until 1863 . From 1864 he ran his own workshop. Small wax works, which he had learned to make at Fischer, formed the transition to larger sculptures. Calandrelli's first major wax work was a model for a silver centerpiece.
In 1874 Calandrelli became professor of sculpture, in 1883 a member and in 1887 a member of the Senate of the Academy of Arts. His best-known students include August Gaul and Martin Götze .
Alexander Calandrelli was buried in Berlin's state-owned Wilmersdorf cemetery , Berliner Straße 81-103. A street in Berlin-Lankwitz was named after him before 1878.
Services
Calandrelli had been one of the preferred artists of the imperial court since the 1870s. The moderate classicism of his work characterizes him as a late representative of the Rauch School in the Berlin School of Sculpture , whose influence lost massively in importance at the end of the 19th century. He was one of the better sculptors of his time for calm still pictures with the required great portrait accuracy. You can see for yourself in Rathenow . Here he created the monument to the founder of the German optical industry Johann Heinrich August Duncker on behalf of the entrepreneur Emil Busch in 1885 , which still welcomes visitors to the station forecourt in Rathenow today.
Works
- in the Berlin National Gallery located
- 1866/67 Seated picture by Peter von Cornelius based on a design by Gustav Bläser as an attic statue for the palace of the art collector Athanasius Graf Raczynski , which was demolished in 1884 ; a plaster cast is said to have been in the Gotha Museum (lost)
- 1874 Muse Thalia , draft model for the architectural sculpture of the National Gallery Berlin
- 1878/79 Allegory of Art; Auxiliary model for a base figure of the equestrian statue of Friedrich Wilhelm IV on the outside staircase of the National Gallery
- 1878/79 Allegory of Religion (as before)
- 1880/81 marble statue of Peter von Cornelius; formerly in the vestibule of the Altes Museum Berlin
- around 1864 Figure groups and richly decorated vases for Schloss Wiesenburg
- 1866 Plaster statue of an elector (which one?) On the palace terrace for the festival decoration on the occasion of the entry of the victorious troops on September 21, 1866 in Berlin (destroyed)
- 1867/68 four soldiers figures: infantry , cavalry , artillery and navy at the corners of a silver monument-like structure ( honorary column ), crowned by a Borussia from Gustav Bläser , as an anniversary gift from the Prussian army to King Wilhelm I on the king's 60th military anniversary; in the Berlin City Palace (lost)
- around 1870: Ensemble Krieg - four groups of figures made of sandstone on Rusternallee in the Großer Tiergarten , southwest of the congress hall . The figures were placed near the Reichstag building on the former Alsenplatz until 1938 and were moved out of the way for Albert Speer's world capital Germania . For 2012, a restoration and repositioning is planned for the nearby and more visible Großfürstenplatz .
- Farewell of the compatriot to August Wittig
- Battle of Rudolf Schweinitz
- Caring for the wounded by Ludwig Brodwolf (partially destroyed, but left in place)
- Happy homecoming from Alexander Calandrelli
- around 1870 Ensemble : Four German rivers - four groups of figures made of sandstone in the Großer Tiergarten on Großfürstenplatz / John-Foster-Dulles-Allee , opposite the House of World Cultures . The figures, originally created for the Königsbrücke on Alexanderplatz , which had already been demolished in 1882 , then stood around a Triton fountain by Joseph von Kopf in a semicircle. Some of the figures are missing heads, they are smeared and have bullet holes. For a long time they were in a depot, only the well and the plinth were present. In the meantime (2015) they have been restored and put back in their original location.
- August Wittig (1823-1893): The Vistula (wood rafting, wheat harvesting woman)
- Rudolf Schweinitz (1839–1896): The Oder (woman, miner, sheep shearer)
- Alexander Calandrelli: The Elbe (Mercury and a Boy with a Gear)
- Rudolf Schweinitz (1839–1896) The Rhine (grape harvest, salmon catch)
- 1871–73 the relief of exodus of the troops and storming of the Düppeler Schanzen on the west side of the base of the Berlin Victory Column , which refers to the German-Danish War of 1864 (according to Meyer's lexicon the best of the four reliefs ). Some of the figures in the relief can be identified as historical persons: Partial view 1, group at the top left: Ferdinand Heinrich August Knerk (state official), Johann Heinrich Strack (architect), Heinrich Ludwig Alexander Herrmann (technical management) - they were responsible for the construction of the Victory Column . To the right of the preacher Wilhelm Hoffmann. Partial view 3, center: Major General Eduard von Raven , he died after being wounded while storming the Düppelner Schanzen. Partial view 4, bottom left: Pioneer Lieutenant Lommatzsch died as a standard bearer in the attack.
- 1873 (unsuccessful) competition design for a Goethe monument in Berlin
- around 1870/75 The idea of art , one of two stringer figures for the Alte Nationalgalerie Berlin ( the art technique of Julius Moser )
- around 1870/75 sandstone figures of the muses Thalia , Erato and Melpomene on the dome vestibule of the Alte Nationalgalerie Berlin (the other five by Ludwig Brodwolf)
- 1874–76 War memorial on Landsberger Allee (former Landsberger Platz) with a warrior led by a genius. Inscription: His sons who died in 1864, 66, 70 and 71. The V district; melted down between 1942 and 1944 according to the Berlin Garden Monument Preservation card index
- 1876 Monument to Peter von Cornelius in Gotha
- 1876 War memorial 1870/71 in Güstrow with the terracotta figure Germania by Alexander Calandrelli (already demolished in 1910 due to structural damage and replaced by a memorial by Wilhelm Wandschneider )
- 1874–78, together with Rudolf Schweinitz, completion of the Cologne monument to Friedrich Wilhelm III. by the late sculptor Gustav Bläser (equestrian statue badly damaged in 1943, reconstructed in 1990); von Calandrelli the statue of General Johann David Ludwig Graf Yorck von Wartenburg (already commissioned by Bläsers since 1870) and the reliefs with motifs on art, science and music (1877, preserved) and industry, cathedral construction and trade (1877, destroyed) on the base ) and from the Wars of Liberation (1878, destroyed)
- 1876–79 management and collaboration in the decoration of the Berlin town hall with terracotta reliefs on the history of Berlin; by Calandrelli the five-part cycle on the side of Spandauer Strasse
- 1880 two (of four) bronze statues of Kaiser Wilhelm I and Elector Friedrich as well as two (of four) reliefs for the victory memorial of the campaigns of 1864, 1866 and 1870/71 on the Harlunger Berg near Brandenburg an der Havel
- around 1880 war memorial with Germania figure in Meinerzhagen -Valbert
- 1881 Marble bust for the tomb designed by Strack's nephew and adopted son of the same name for Johann Heinrich Strack the Elder. Ä. in the old cemetery of the Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichswerder communities in Berlin, Chausseestraße 126 (here today an artificial stone copy of the bust, the original in the possession of the Berlin State Monument Office, department for garden monument maintenance)
- 1880–83 terracotta figures of the Freemason Lodge Friedrich Wilhelm for crowned justice (woman with crown, sword and scales) and the Lodge Urania zur Immortlichkeit (woman with star diadem) for the Great Lodge of Prussia called Royal York for friendship in Berlin (four more figures by Albert Wolff ; destroyed)
- 1885 While bathing, Nymph surprised everyone for the nymph fountain of the Villa von der Heydt in Berlin (bronze cast; original marble slightly weathered at the entrance to the Ephraim-Palais ); one of the many bronze casts of this figure in the Wildungen Kurpark ; Reproduced as small bronzes by the Hermann Gladenbeck foundry
- 1875–1886 bronze equestrian statue of Friedrich Wilhelm IV. With the base figures religion, art (poetry), history (history) and philosophy on the steps of the Alte Nationalgalerie Berlin (based on a first draft by Gustav Bläser )
- 1884–1888 Seated figures of the Allegory of Commerce and Allegory of Agriculture, as larger-than-life sandstone sculptures on the main facade of the main station in Frankfurt am Main (1888), both works in participation in the picture program by Gustav Herold, with other sculptors, a. a. Emil Hundrieser. Trade in a frontal position, left, on the southeast corner, agriculture in a frontal position, right, on the northeast corner of the portal arch.
- 1888 bust for the grave of Leopold Arends (stolen, re-emerged, today in the Huguenot Museum see Liesenstrasse )
- 1890 bronze statues of Kaiser Wilhelm I and Kaiser Friedrich III. for the corner tower of the Berlin Police Headquarters
- 1891 Bronze busts of Gerhard von Scharnhorst and Albrecht von Roon for the Hall of Fame in the Berlin Armory
- 1891/92 tomb with portrait medallion August Wredow in the old St.-Matthäus-Kirchhof Berlin (destroyed and reconstructed in 1988 without the relief)
- 1893: Bronze equestrian statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Bromberg , seized in 1919 before the city was ceded to Poland (in accordance with the Versailles Treaty ) and brought to Meseritz , has been missing since 1946
- 1894 bronze statue of Elector Friedrich I in Friesack (melted down around 1942, base preserved); a small bronze statuette (53 cm) dated 1891 is in the Kasteel Huis Doorn , the exile house of Kaiser Wilhelm II.
- 1894 marble statue of King Friedrich Wilhelm II in the White Hall of the Berlin City Palace (a total of nine statues by different sculptors)
- 1895 bronze statue of Emperor Friedrich III. in Swinoujscie ; dismantled and melted down in the spring of 1945
- around 1895 sandstone statues of the Apostles Bartholomäus and Philip on the main cornice of the vestibule of the Berlin Cathedral
- 1895 relief image by the architect Franz Schwechten (today in the holdings of the German Museum of Technology Berlin )
- 1896 portrait medallion Emil Ehrentraut in the entrance hall of the Britz hospital ( Berlin-Neukölln )
- 1897 Monument to Kaiser Wilhelm I in Reichenbach in the Vogtland
- 1896/98 marble group 16 for Siegesallee Berlin with a statue of Elector Friedrich II and busts of Friedrich Stuhlmann (Bishop of Lebus ) and Wilke Blankenfelde (Mayor of Berlin); all still received damaged
- 1898 Base figures (bears) Entrance to the Mausoleum, Tierpark Dessau , (Saxony-Anhalt)
- undated
- Drafts for a boathouse or tourist house in Berlin-Grünau , Dahmestraße 6, completed in 1910
- War memorial in Eltville on the Rhine
- Base figures on the war memorial (?) In Alsen
- Bronze bust of Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke in the Kaiserhain on the Hutberg near Großschönau (Saxony)
- Trautchen , bust of a young girl with loose hair (auction sale 1994)
- female nude , bronze statuette (auction 2004) probably a nymph (see above)
- Equestrian statue of King Wilhelm I in tournament costume with two Landsknechten, 2 m high
literature
- Peter Bloch , Waldemar Grzimek : The Berlin School of Sculpture in the 19th Century. Classic Berlin. Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 1978. (revised edition 1994)
- Peter Bloch, Sibylle Einholz , Jutta von Simson: Ethos & Pathos. The Berlin School of Sculpture 1786–1914. (Catalog and volume accompanying the exhibition) Berlin 1990.
- Michael Puls: Gustav Hermann Bläser. On the life and work of a Berlin sculptor. Letter Foundation, Cologne 1996.
- Uta Lehnert: The Kaiser and the Siegesallee. Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1998.
- Bernhard Maaz (Ed.): National Gallery Berlin. The XIX. Century. Inventory catalog of the sculptures. Publisher EA Seemann, 2006.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Calandrellistrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- ↑ Happy Homecoming ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ); Image on bildhauerei-in-berlin.de
- ↑ War memorial on Landsberger Allee ( memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), historical photo on bildhauerei-in-berlin.de
- ^ Local association Grünau ev (Ed.): Festschrift 250 years Grünau. C. Press Agency & Publishing House, 1999.
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Calandrelli, Alexander |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Calandrelli, Alexander Emil Ludovico (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German sculptor of Italian descent |
DATE OF BIRTH | May 9, 1834 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
DATE OF DEATH | May 26, 1903 |
Place of death | Lankwitz |