Eduard von Raven

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Eduard von Raven (1807–1864)

Eduard Gustav Ludwig von Raven (born June 28, 1807 in Neuhaus ; † April 27, 1864 in Nübel ) was a Prussian major general and knight of the order Pour le Mérite .

Life

origin

He came from an old, well-known since 1235 Uckermark noble family of Raven . His father was the Prussian Colonel a. D. Wilhelm von Raven (1770–1836), his mother Maria Ludowika Franziska, née Thorwesten (1784–1871). Both the father and his brother Werner (1784-1814) were knights of the order Pour le Mérite.

Military career

Raven attended the city ​​school of Schlawe . On April 1, 1824 he joined the 2nd Infantry Regiment of the Prussian Army as a Junker . There he was promoted to secondary lieutenant on February 12, 1827 and attended the General War School from October 1831 to July 1834 . Raven served as regimental adjutant for one year from August 1836, then was adjutant of the 3rd Landwehr Brigade until the end of March 1840 and then acted as adjutant of the 3rd division . Promoted to Premier Lieutenant on May 31, 1841 , Raven was Adjutant of the 5th Division from March 30 to November 23, 1844 . This was followed by a position as personal adjutant to Prince Albrecht of Prussia . In this position he took part in the battles near Schleswig and Düppel in 1848 during the war for Schleswig and Holstein . Only in April 1852 did Raven, meanwhile a major , return to service. After working in the 32nd Infantry Regiment , Raven was transferred to the 2nd Infantry Regiment as commander of the Fusilier Battalion. On April 9, 1857 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and as such he was commander of the 1st battalion in the 2nd Landwehr Regiment in Stettin from November 10, 1857.

On the occasion of the mobilization , on May 19, 1859, Raven was initially commissioned to lead the 1st Rhenish Infantry Regiment No. 25 and was appointed commander on May 31, 1859 with the promotion to colonel . He was the King of Württemberg for his achievements in troop control I. Wilhelm , the chief of the regiment, was on December 8, 1861 the Commander of the Order of the Württemberg Crown , as well as on 13 June 1863 the I. Commander class of Frederick -Orders awarded. Under position à la suite of the regiment, Raven was commissioned on August 12, 1863 with the command of the 10th Infantry Brigade in Poznan and appointed commander on September 22, 1863 with the promotion to major general.

From Holstein he led his large association during the German-Danish War in 1864 to Düppel, where he took part in the siege of the redoubts . His brigade stood out in a battle before the first parallel was dug. On April 18, they stormed redoubts III, VIII, and IX and, together with other troop units, redoubted IV, VII and X. Raven was always in the front of his brigade until the explosive piece of a grenade smashed the ankle of his right foot on Alsensund . Carried out of the fire by his adjutant, he was brought back to the Johanniter Hospital near Nübel on a stretcher. There his right foot was amputated. He died on April 27, 1864. On April 21, 1864, King Wilhelm I awarded him the order Pour le Mérite for his bravery and made Raven General à la suite, leaving all his powers.

Eduard von Raven was the first Prussian general since Gerhard von Scharnhorst to fall before the enemy. He was buried with military honors in the presence of the king and royal princes on May 1, 1864 in the Invalidenfriedhof in Berlin.

family

Raven had married Ida Marie Krause (1825-1901) on July 9, 1846 in Kolbatz . The marriage had three children:

  • Wilhelm Karl Eduard (1847–1870), Prussian Second Lieutenant in the 1st Guards Regiment on foot
  • Karl Albert (1849–1877), Prussian second lieutenant in the 1st Guard Regiment on foot
  • Marie Ida Luise (1853-1883)

After their death, all three children, as well as the mother, were buried in the Invalidenfriedhof.

literature

  • Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 7, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1939], DNB 367632829 , pp. 212-214, no. 2253.
  • Alfred Graffunder: Eduard von Raven, Royal Prussian General-Major: General a la suite of His Majesty the King. Duncker, Berlin 1866 ( full text in the Google book search).
  • Ernst Plath: General Eduard von Raven: For 50j. Return d. Victory days of Düppel, April 18, 1914. Enderlein, Halberstadt 1914.
  • Theodor Fontane : The Schleswig-Holstein War in 1864 . Baltica, Flensburg 1999, pages 251, 252
  • Raven . In: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Vol. A VII. CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg 1965, pages 290 ff. The family coat of arms is also printed there.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Raven . In: Genealogical manual of the nobility. Volume A VII. 1965, p. 314ff.
personal data
SURNAME Raven, Eduard von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Raven Eduard Gustav Ludwig von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian major general, knight of the order Pour le Mérite
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1807
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuhaus
DATE OF DEATH April 27, 1864
Place of death Nübel