Bad Wildungen

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Bad Wildungen
Bad Wildungen
Map of Germany, location of the city of Bad Wildungen highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 7 '  N , 9 ° 7'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : kassel
County : Waldeck-Frankenberg
Height : 275 m above sea level NHN
Area : 120.08 km 2
Residents: 17,264 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 144 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 34521-34537
Area code : 05621
License plate : KB, FKB, WA
Community key : 06 6 35 003
City structure: 13 districts

City administration address :
Am Markt 1
34537 Bad Wildungen
Website : www.bad-wildungen.de
Mayor : Ralf Gutheil ( SPD )
Location of the city of Bad Wildungen in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district
Hatzfeld (Eder) Battenberg (Eder) Bromskirchen Allendorf (Eder) Burgwald (Gemeinde) Rosenthal (Hessen) Gemünden (Wohra) Haina (Kloster) Frankenberg (Eder) Frankenau Bad Wildungen Lichtenfels (Hessen) Korbach Willingen (Upland) Diemelsee (Gemeinde) Diemelstadt Vöhl Volkmarsen Bad Arolsen Twistetal Waldeck (Stadt) Edertal Nordrhein-Westfalen Landkreis Kassel Schwalm-Eder-Kreis Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopfmap
About this picture

Bad Wildungen is a municipality with a spa center and state spa in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district in western North Hesse (Germany).

geography

Bad Wildungen, aerial photo (2016)
View over the city

Bad Wildungen is located on the foothills of the Kellerwald in the so-called Ferienland Waldeck ( Waldecker Land ). The city, which extends east of the Homberg , is traversed by the Wilde, which flows into the Eder in the district of Wega . The districts of Wega and Mandern are on the Eder. This river forms, further upstream, the Edersee , a reservoir that is about 10 km (as the crow flies ) northwest of the core town of Bad Wildungen. The south-western districts of Hundsdorf, Armsfeld and Berg Freiheit are traversed by the Urff .

The next larger cities are Kassel (approx. 45 km; north-east), Marburg (approx. 60 km; south-west) and Korbach (approx. 28 km; north-west).

Neighboring communities

Bad Wildungen borders in the north on the municipality of Edertal (Waldeck-Frankenberg district), in the east on the city of Fritzlar , in the southeast on the municipality of Bad Zwesten (both in the Schwalm-Eder district ), in the south on the municipality Haina and in the west the city of Frankenau (both in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district).

City structure

Bad Wildungen has 14 districts with the core city, most of which are forest villages:

district Residents,
June 30, 2014
Albertshausen 0.246
Old growths 2,358
Armsfeld 0.267
Reinhardshausen 1,201
Bad Wildungen (city center) 8,698
Mountain freedom 0.343
Braunau 0.665
Frebershausen 0.169
Hüddingen 0.097
Hundsdorf 0.295
Mandern 0.636
Odershausen 1,275
Reitzenhagen 0.556
Vega 0.639
total 17,4990

History of the city

Overview

Ober- und Nieder-Wildungen - Excerpt from the Topographia Hassiae by Matthäus Merian 1655
Bad Wildungen from the south-southwest, aerial view, 1925

The area of ​​today's Bad Wildungen was already around 2000 BC. Settled. This can be proven on the basis of numerous Bronze Age barrows.

The first mention around 800 comes from the list of goods Breviarium sancti Lulli (second panel) of the Hersfeld Abbey as "villa Wildungun". This settlement was in the Wild Valley , east of today's city. A castle was built around 1200 by the Ludowinger Count Friedrich von Ziegenhain , who married Lukardis, the heir to Count Gozmar III, in 1185 . von Ziegenhain , had become Count of Wildungen in 1186. The county of Wildungen , which he founded, ended in 1247 with the death of his heir, Sophia. The town of Alt-Wildungen developed around the castle. In 1242 Nieder-Wildungen, which was founded on the lower hill opposite the castle, received city rights. In 1358 two cities Wildungen were mentioned, and in 1362 Alt-Wildungen also received city rights.

From 1263 the castle and both places belonged to the property of the counts and later princes of Waldeck . The basis was a contract concluded during the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession between Landgrave Heinrich I of Hesse and the Counts of Waldeck. From 1474 to 1692 there was a county of Waldeck-Wildungen due to an inheritance division in the Waldeck house, which was reunited with the Waldeck-Eisenberg region in 1692.

From 1850 the city was the district town of the Eder district , initially in the Land of Waldeck and from 1929 in Prussia. The district was dissolved in 1942. Bad Wildungen was then part of the Waldeck district, whose headquarters were in Korbach.

In 1906 the city of Nieder-Wildungen was renamed Bad Wildungen as a therapeutic bath of European standing. Starting in 1938, more than ten bunkers were built in Bad Wildungen because the Air Force High Command was to be relocated to the place that, because of the health resort's clinics, also seemed suitable as a hospital location. In 1940 Altwildungen was incorporated into the town of Bad Wildungen, and Bad Wildungen was given the title “Prussian State Bath”. After the Second World War , the city became the Hessian State Bath.

Witch trials

Plaque on the wall of the town church Wildungen in memory of the victims of the witch hunt

During the witch hunts 78 people in the years 1532 to 1664 fell into Wildungen witch trials victim. A rose and a commemorative plaque on the city church wall reminds of these events. Wildungen had 1200 inhabitants at that time. However, not every trial resulted in a conviction, and not every conviction resulted in execution; Lifelong banishment could also be ordered. The persecution in Wildungen happened in three waves of lawsuits: 1532, 1629–1631 and 1650–1664.

  • 1532 First witch trial against Gertraud Muck00000
  • 1575–1578 witch hunts
  • 1629 began a period of unheard of persecution under Count Christian von Waldeck: 29 victims by 1632.00000
  • 1630 Maria Rörig withstood the torture steadfastly from September 1630 to May 1631 : "The good God received her in prison, she would remain loyal to him, she was as innocent as Jesus Christ." Count Christian ordered her release.00000
  • 1650–1664 another 38 victims under Count Philip VII.
  • 1656 Trial against Susanne Weber , a daughter of Maria Rörig: "Her husband asks to speed up the process because of the costs."00000

History of the Jewish community up to the murder of its members in the 20th century

Individual Jews or Jewish families have lived in the city since the 15th century. Prince Karl August Friedrich (1728–1763) von Waldeck later liberalized access by lending protection letters to Jewish persons, provided they could prove that they had assets of at least 1000 thalers . Despite the high sum, the immigration of Jewish residents into the principality began. Soon also poorer Jews came to the Waldecker Land, who could not pay the protection money, but were tolerated for a certain time and upon revocation. After the Principality of Waldeck joined the Napoleon- dominated Rhine Confederation in 1807 and Jews were then legally equated with the other subjects and the protection money ceased, the influx increased. In the second half of the 19th century, their number grew so much that a Jewish community ( Kehillah ) could be founded in 1877 .

The Bad Wildungen synagogue, destroyed in 1938, around 1914
Memorial plaque to the former synagogue in Bad Wildungen, in Dürren Hagen

In 1914 the synagogue was built to replace the rented prayer room that had been used up until then. In 1933 150 Jewish people lived in around 35 families in Bad Wildungen. In the following years some of them moved away or emigrated due to increasing reprisals and disenfranchisement. During the November pogroms in 1938 on the night of November 9th to 10th, 1938, the synagogue was looted and destroyed by arson. The fire brigade was present, but only protected the neighboring buildings. Shortly afterwards, the municipality board had to cede the property to the city of Bad Wildungen, which removed the remains of the synagogue "in return". Today no remains of the synagogue are visible. In October / November 1939 the last 40 Jewish residents were forcibly committed to collective accommodation in Kassel. From there they were deported in three transports to the Riga ghetto or extermination camps in 1941/1942 .

Incorporations

The neighboring towns of Altwildungen , Reitzenhagen and Reinhardshausen were incorporated into the municipality in 1940 . In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality of Wega followed on December 31, 1970 on a voluntary basis; Hundsdorf was then added on July 1, and Albertshausen and Braunau on October 1, 1971. The series of incorporations was completed on December 31, 1971 with the incorporation of Armsfeld, Berg Freiheit, Frebershausen, Hüddingen, Mandern and Odershausen.

politics

On September 23, 2008, the city received the title “ Place of Diversity ” awarded by the federal government .

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council
       
A total of 37 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2016
Seats
2016
%
2011
Seats
2011
%
2006
Seats
2006
%
2001
Seats
2001
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 34.9 13 37.1 14th 41.3 15th 42.1 16
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 26.2 10 33.5 12 33.4 12 34.9 13
GREEN Alliance 90 / The Greens 9.4 3 13.4 5 4.7 2 5.6 2
FWG Free community of voters 12.1 4th 6.7 3 6.0 2 11.0 4th
FDP Free Democratic Party 7.2 3 5.9 2 13.3 5 5.6 2
The left The left 2.3 1 3.4 1 1.4 1 - -
WfW We for wilds 7.8 3 - - - - - -
PASSPORT Party of the willing and socially disadvantaged - - - - - - 0.7 0
total 100 37 100 37 100 37 100 37
Voter turnout in% 42.1 42.7 49.3 45.5

magistrate

The magistrate consists of the mayor and 10 city councilors. Four of these are for the CDU , three for the SPD and one seat each for the FDP , the FWG and the Greens .

mayor

Ralf Gutheil (SPD) was elected Mayor of Bad Wildung in the 2018 mayoral election. He took office on September 1, 2018.

flag

The flag was approved on June 6, 1955 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior .

Flag description: "In a field divided by black and gold, a golden eight-pointed star in black at the top ."

Town twinning

Bad Wildungen maintains partnerships with

Culture and sights

Friedrichstein Castle
Fürstenhof

Museums

  • Information about the region can be found in the Quellenmuseum, the City Museum and the Museum of Military and Hunting History of the Kassel State Museums in the baroque Friedrichstein Palace .
  • In the district of Berg Freiheit there is a museum in the former mining office as well as the Bertsch visitor mine and the “Snow White House” in the center of the village.
  • The "Living Museum" in the Odershausen district offers exhibitions and days of action on agriculture in the past.
  • The lapidarium is a rock exhibition in the cellar vault of Schloss Friedrichstein.

theatre

  • Theater performances from the “Star Theater” series and Christmas fairy tales are performed in the Bad Wildungen foyer.
  • In the district of Berg Freiheit, Corpus Christi and on the third Sunday in August fairytale pieces by the Brothers Grimm are performed on the natural forest stage.

music

  • Chamber concerts take place at Friedrichstein Castle, church concerts by the Bad Wildunger parishes and choir concerts by the Wildunger Musik-Werkstatt.
  • Classical, jazz, samba and folk concerts and festivals take place in the Wandelhalle Bad Wildungen, in the city and in the castle.
  • Friedrichstein Palace is the location of the international festival for folk and world music “Folk im Kurpark” (end of July) and the cult event “Rock im Schloss” (mid-August).
  • At the beginning of September, the traditional city festival with flower parade takes place on the promenade of Brunnenallee, alternating two years with the Samba Festival, one of the largest events of its kind in Germany.
  • Spa and evening concerts as well as folk music events take place in the two foyer.

Other Events

In 2006 the 3rd Hessian State Garden Show took place in Bad Wildungen . The approximately 18 hectare large, urban area with the Aqua Choros, sun stairs, meadow park at the Königsquelle, golden gardens, sports and play area in Bornebach has been accessible since 2007 as “Hesse's most beautiful garden”.

The land market is held weekly. A jazz festival takes place regularly in June, there is a junk and cattle market in mid-July and a Christmas market in December. At the beginning of September, the "City Festival with Flower Parade" and the Samba Festival are held every two years.

Since 2004, the German youth championship in all types of billiards has taken place in spring and the German championship for adults in all types of play in autumn.

On Holy Saturday in the Berg Freiheit district, the Easter fire is lit by a children's torchlight procession and a small festival is celebrated with music. Easter Sunday begins with an Easter service and breakfast together in the miner's church. In the afternoon the traditional egg run starts in the village park. The local symbol figure Snow White honors the winners.

Buildings

Friedrichstein Castle

Above Bad Wildungen is the baroque Friedrichstein Palace , which was started in 1660 by Count Josias II and completed from 1707 to 1714 under Prince Friedrich Anton Ulrich .

There are numerous historicist villas in the city center and along Brunnenallee . In the former Fürstenhof , built in 1902 as a luxury hotel, an imposing castle-like building in the style of neo-baroque , now a clinic that is Asclepius - hospital chain housed.

Wildunger Altar

In the center of the old town is the Protestant town church , a late Gothic hall church from the 14th century. It contains the Wildungen Altar by Conrad von Soest (around 1370–1422), created in 1403 or 1404 for the parish church of Wildungen , one of the most important winged altars of the late Gothic and the only known work by this Westphalian master.

The altar has all the characteristics of the " soft style ". In the figurative representations there is a slightly swaying posture, the precious robes are reminiscent of the clothes at the Burgundian court. The color contrasts are striking: luminous gold colors and a deep blue. The altarpiece is a triptych and consists of a larger central part and the two smaller ones on the folding outer wings. It shows 13 scenes from the life of Christ, four of which relate to the childhood of Jesus, four to the passion story and four to the events after Easter. The middle section shows the Calvary with an impressive crucifixion scene, framed by four small-format pictures. In the right part - lower left picture - is the oldest representation of glasses north of the Alps. When opened, the altar is almost six meters wide. A special work of contemporary art in the Evangelical City Church is the choir glazing by Wilhelm Buschulte , which combines aesthetic and monument conservation requirements in a symbiosis.

Parks

Spa gardens

Kurpark below the Asklepios Clinic

At the end of the 1990s, the spa park of the city of Bad Wildungen was connected to the west by a near-natural "green bridge" with the neighboring spa park Reinhardshausen to form a large spa park, which with an area of ​​50 hectares can now be regarded as the largest spa park in Europe. In addition to hiking trails and jogging trails, terrain cure trails for cardiovascular patients are signposted. The park has been part of the European Garden Heritage Network since 2009 .

State Garden Show 2006

Part of the garden show

In 2006, 18 hectares were added to the spa park on the occasion of the state horticultural show , at the eastern end of which the Königsquellenpark is located below Friedrichstein Castle. To the west, the former state horticultural show grounds are adjacent to the historic spa gardens at Georg-Viktor-Quelle, designed in the style of an English garden. The garden show was attended by 436,000 visitors. The area is now a park characterized by meadows.

Bad Wildungen sculpture trail

Sculptures below Friedrichstein Castle

A sculpture path was created during the state horticultural show under the theme of "Paradise companions" . Nine works of art were created for the Schlossbergweg, which begins near the castle spring and leads to the Friedrichstein castle complex. The artists were selected by a jury through a competition held throughout Hesse. With one exception, wood was primarily used as the material. The project was initiated by the Federal Association of Visual Artists, Landesverband Hessen e. V.

Natural monuments

Hutewald Halloh
Arable and forest landscape near Bad Wildungen

The Helenental and the Sondergraben have been under nature protection since 1986. The waterfalls of Odershausen are well worth seeing in the foothills of the Helenental valley. You can also find three old Süntel beeches in the forest near Odershausen near the Jägersburg . An ascent leads to the Bilstein cliffs near Reitzenhagen.

Wildungen's local mountain , which is 518  m above sea level. NN high Homberg, offers a panoramic view. "Paradise" near Albertshausen is a forest in the direction of Gellershausen and Kleinern. The Kellerwaldsteig leads through the urban area.

In the former Hutewald Halloh in Albertshausen there is still a 250 year old beech tree (2015).

Sports

There are two sports clubs in Bad Wildungen, the VFL Bad Wildungen and the TV Friedrichstein. In the main sports soccer and handball, the two clubs have established syndicates. The SG Bad Wildungen / Friedrichstein for the sport of soccer and the HSG Bad Wildungen / Friedrichstein / Bergheim for the handball area. The 1st women's team of HSG Bad Wildungen / Friedrichstein / Bergheim has been playing in the 1st Bundesliga since summer 2011 and is the sporting flagship of the region.

There is also the Bad Wildungen Aviation Association. Their airfield is a bit out of the way, in the direction of Braunauer Warte. The FSV owns 6 aircraft of its own.

The Wandelhalle in Bad Wildungen has been the venue for the German billiards championship since 2005 .

Culinary specialties

A Waldeck specialty is Schepperlinge , a kind of potato pancake, which in Bad Wildungen is traditionally served with bacon, onions and black coffee.

As usual in Northern Hesse, the Ahle sausage can also be found on Wildunger menus.

Economy and Infrastructure

The city's main industries are spa and tourism. Bad Wildungen is part of the German Fairy Tale Route , as the fairy tale Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is said to have its roots in the district of Berg Freiheit .

There is the wood technical school, the nursing schools of the clinics and a location of the Technical University of Central Hesse .

traffic

The place can be reached from Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe every two hours with a regional train that ends at the Bad Wildungen terminus ( route from Wabern , section to Korbach out of service). Alternatively, the bus line 500 runs from Kassel via Fritzlar. A city bus system was introduced in Bad Wildungen around 2000.

The city lies on the federal highways 485 and 253 , which have a connection to the federal motorway 49 .

Long-distance cycle routes

The following cycle paths lead along the Eder :

media

Regional daily newspapers are the Waldeckische Landeszeitung (WLZ / FZ) and the Waldeckische Allgemeine, a local edition of the Hessisch / Niedersächsische Allgemeine (HNA).

Health resort

Wandelhalle in the spa gardens
Quellenendom in the foyer

Bad Wildungen is a medicinal bath with iron, magnesium and carbonated springs. The healing waters differ in their composition and mode of action. The Helenen, Georg-Viktor, Reinhards and natural springs are the most famous Bad Wildunger medicinal springs and are now bottled and sold. The list of medicinal springs in Bad Wildungen includes all known medicinal springs in Bad Wildungen.

In the course of time, medical rehabilitation took the place of the classic drinking cure . Today there are around 20 clinics that treat the clinical pictures of orthopedics, psychosomatics, internal medicine and rheumatology, neurology, oncology and urology, as well as old people's homes, old people's homes and nursing homes. The areas of fitness, wellness and beauty are becoming increasingly important.

The number of guests was 129,424 in 2015 with 1.43 million overnight stays per year. This made Bad Wildungen the city with the second most overnight stays in Hesse after Frankfurt am Main.

education

There are several primary schools, a school for learning assistance (Mathias Bauer School, formerly Veit Weinberg School), a secondary and secondary school (Ense School) and the Gustav Stresemann High School. Vocational training is provided by the Hans Viessmann School . The Bad Wildungen wood technical school is a vocational training facility. It is a vocational school, a master’s school and a technical school for the wood industry and a federal technical school for the model making trade.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who worked in Bad Wildungen without being born there

Honorary citizen

  • Adolf Klapp (1834–1925), Waldeck MP, in 1913 appointed honorary citizen of Bad Wildungen

Web links

Commons : Bad Wildungen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Bad Wildungen  - Travel Guide

Individual evidence

  1. Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Bad Wildungen: Population figures
  3. History puzzle in the forest floor. Retrieved October 22, 2019 .
  4. This term is probably based on the Latin altus = high.
  5. Names of the victims of the witch trials / witch persecution in Wildungen (PDF; 356 KB), accessed on May 9, 2016.
  6. ^ Karl Eichler: The Wildunger witch trials. History sheets for Waldeck and Pyrmont, No. 24, 1927 (pp. 103–126).
  7. ^ Homepage Alemannia Judaica: Bad Wildungen - Jewish history and that of the synagogue.
  8. Alemannia Judaica : Bad Wildungen - On the history of the Jewish community , accessed on January 6, 2018.
  9. Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 : Search in the directory of names .
  10. Incorporation of the community of Wega into the city of Bad Wildungen, district of Waldeck on January 7, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 142 , point 184 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  11. ^ Municipal reform in Hesse: mergers and integrations of municipalities from June 21, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 28 , p. 1117 , item 988; Para. 20. ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 5.0 MB ]).
  12. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 408 .
  13. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  14. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
  15. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
  16. ^ Voting group WfW on the Internet ( Memento from August 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  17. Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine (HNA) from August 28, 2018: Ralf Gutheil new mayor in Bad Wildungen. Accessed on September 19, 2018.
  18. ^ Approval of a flag for the city of Bad Wildungen in the Waldeck district, Kassel district from May 5, 1955 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1955 no. 25 , p. 616 , point 669 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.8 MB ]).
  19. ^ City partnerships ( Memento from April 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  20. Eckart Roloff , Karin Henke-Wendt: About smashed stones, healing waters and some coffin varnish. (Quellenmuseum, Bad Wildungen) In: Visit your doctor or pharmacist. A tour through Germany's museums for medicine and pharmacy. Volume 2, Southern Germany. Verlag S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2015, ISBN 978-3-7776-2511-9 , pp. 177-179.
  21. https://www.sambadwildungen.de/
  22. Billiard Championships 2012 , November 26, 2012, Radio HNA .
  23. GJP (Götz J. Pfeiffer): Choir window by Wilhelm Buschulte. In: Courage to design. Art funding in the Evangelical Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck. Kassel 2013, p. 22 f.
  24. Landkreis Waldeck Frankenberg: ND 21 001 - Albertshausen - Hutebuchen Retrieved on October 2, 2018 (pdf document).
  25. 79th meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreational areas and healing wells in Hesse on November 21, 2012 . In: State pointer for the state of Hesse . No. 9 , 2014, ISSN  0724-7885 , p. 187 .