Battenberg (Eder)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Battenberg (Eder)
Battenberg (Eder)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Battenberg (Eder) highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 1 ′  N , 8 ° 39 ′  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : kassel
County : Waldeck-Frankenberg
Height : 340 m above sea level NHN
Area : 64.73 km 2
Residents: 5325 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 82 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 35088
Area code : 06452
License plate : KB, FKB, WA
Community key : 06 6 35 004
City structure: 4 districts

City administration address : 		Main street 58
35088 Battenberg
Website : www.battenberg-eder.de
Mayor : Christian Klein ( CDU )
Location of the town of Battenberg (Eder) in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district
Hatzfeld (Eder) Battenberg (Eder) Bromskirchen Allendorf (Eder) Burgwald (Gemeinde) Rosenthal (Hessen) Gemünden (Wohra) Haina (Kloster) Frankenberg (Eder) Frankenau Bad Wildungen Lichtenfels (Hessen) Korbach Willingen (Upland) Diemelsee (Gemeinde) Diemelstadt Vöhl Volkmarsen Bad Arolsen Twistetal Waldeck (Stadt) Edertal Nordrhein-Westfalen Landkreis Kassel Schwalm-Eder-Kreis Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopfmap
About this picture
Battenberg Castle

Battenberg (Eder) is a small town in the southwestern part of the northern Hessian district of Waldeck-Frankenberg .

The noble family of the same name , Battenbergkuchen and Battenberg markings are named after her.

geography

Geographical location

Battenberg is located in the Ederbergland , to which the castle forest bordering to the east belongs, on the southern edge of the Sauerland and the Rothaargebirge. It is 320 to 650 m above sea level. NN and is traversed by the Eder , whose river bed is protected north of the city by the nature reserve Ederknie am Auhammer . The closest medium-sized center is Frankenberg (Eder) , the university town of Marburg acts as the main center .

Neighboring communities

Battenberg borders in the north on the municipality Bromskirchen , in the northeast on the municipality Allendorf , in the southeast on the municipality Burgwald (all three in the district Waldeck-Frankenberg), in the south on the municipality Münchhausen ( district Marburg-Biedenkopf ), and in the west on the Cities of Hatzfeld (district of Waldeck-Frankenberg) and Bad Berleburg ( district of Siegen-Wittgenstein in North Rhine-Westphalia ).

City structure

The city consists of the core city and four surrounding villages:

history

Castle, office and city of Battenberg

Battenberg - Excerpt from the Topographia Hassiae by Matthäus Merian 1655
Keep of the cellar castle
old market
Hammer mill from Battenberg in the Hessenpark open-air museum

People already settled on the Eisenberg in the Celtic times . A branch of the dynasty of the Counts of Battenberg and von Wittgenstein (based at Wittgenstein Castle ) ruled the County of Battenberg from 1214 . Battenberg was first mentioned in writing in 1226 and named as a town eight years later (1234). In the early years of the 13th century, the cellar castle was built during the rule of Count Werner I von Battenberg and Wittgenstein or his son Widekind I (Widukind) , and the counts moved their residence from the old Battenberg castle to the cellar castle . In 1238 the counties of Battenberg and Wittgenstein were divided among the grandsons of Count Werner I : Widekind II received the Battenberg estates and Siegfried I received Wittgenstein Castle and the town of Laasphe . In 1291, Count Hermann II († 1314) von Battenberg, son of Widekind II, was forced by political pressure to sell parts of his county to the Archbishopric of Mainz: Castle and town of Battenberg and the courts of Laisa, Battenfeld and Münchhausen went into Mainz ownership over. The city and county of Battenberg (officially called "Grafschaft Stiffe") became the property of the Archbishops of Mainz in 1291 half and in 1296 completely .

In 1464, the Battenberg Office, which was formed from it, came to the Landgraviate of Hesse as pledge in the course of the Mainz collegiate feud , before it was completely assigned to Hesse-Marburg after the Merlau Treaty around 1583 . As a result of the extinction of the Marburg line , it came to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel in 1604 and in 1624 as part of the so-called "Hinterland" to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt . From 1821 to 1832 the city was the seat of the administration of the "Landratsbezirks" Battenberg, until it was incorporated into the newly created Biedenkopf district in 1832 .

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Battenberg in 1830:

“Battenberg (L. Bez. Gl. N.) city; is 11 hours north of Giessen on a hill, at the foot of which the Eder flows. 1456 Hess. (1120 Par.) Feet above the sea, has 144 houses and 954 inhabitants, who are Protestant except for 64 Jews. Battenberg, which is partly still surrounded by walls, is the seat of the district councilor, the rent office and the forest inspector, and there is 1 church, 1 town hall, 1 iron hammer, known as the Auhammer, 1 post office and in the area there are cracks of red sandstones. On the Eisenberg lie the ruins of Battenberg Castle, which in 1464 was still in good condition and the seat of the official; 1 ⁄ 4 St. from the city is 1832 Hess. (1409 par.) Feet above the surface of the sea, the Battenberger Warte, consisting of a round tower. 7 markets are held annually. - The area first became known in 778 through the defeat of the Saxons. The descendants of the Counts of Hohenlinden have been appearing since the last half of the 12th century, now under the name Count von Wittgenstein, now under the Count: von Battenberg. These counts not only owned the castles after which they were named, but they also made claims to the jurisdiction of other castles in the vicinity that belonged to the landgraves. In 1228 half of the castles of Battenberg and Kellerberg, the town of Battenberg, etc. between them came to the Archbishop Siegfried of Mainz for 600 marks. However, the matter was not carried out until 1238. In the case of the division, which was held in 1291 between Count Hermann von Battenberg and the ore monastery of Mainz, the Kellerberg castle, along with the courts in Allendorf, Rödenau and Bromskirchen, received the castle and town of Battenberg, along with the courts in Leisa and Battenfeld. A few years later, in 1297, the same Hermann sold the Kellerberg Castle and its accessories to the Mainz ore monastery for 2000 marks. Archbishop Heinrich von Mainz sold the town and castle of Battenberg to Count Otto von Waldeck in 1304, on repurchase, which also took place in 1464 when Archbishop Adolph von Mainz gave Battenberg to Landgrave Heinrich III. was offset by 30,000 fl . "

In 1866 Battenberg was annexed with the entire hinterland of Prussia. In 1932 Battenberg became part of the Frankenberg district . In the course of the Hessian administrative reform of 1974, the districts of Frankenberg and Waldeck were merged to form the district of Waldeck-Frankenberg .

The Battenberg / Mountbatten house

In 1851 Countess Julia Hauke , the morganatic wife of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by the Rhine , was given the grand-ducal Hessian prince status with von Battenberg , which should also extend to their common descendants. The couple thus became the founders of the noble family Battenberg / Mountbatten . Princess Victoria Eugénie von Battenberg was from 1906 to 1931 through her marriage to King Alfonso XIII. Queen of Spain. The family members living in Great Britain adopted the translated name "Mountbatten" from 1917 onwards due to the increasing hostility towards Germans during the First World War . This is now the family name of the Marquesses of Milford Haven , and he lives on in the title of Earls Mountbatten of Burma . The descendants of Queen Elizabeth II and her husband Prince Philip Mountbatten bear the family name Mountbatten-Windsor .

Territorial reform

On December 31, 1970, was in the course of administrative reform in Hesse until then independent municipality Berghofen voluntarily incorporated . On February 1, 1971, the communities of Dodenau and Laisa were added. Frohnhausen and Oberasphe followed on January 1, 1974 by virtue of state law. For all formerly independent communities and the core community, local districts with local advisory councils and local councilors were set up.

When in 1974 the districts of Frankenberg and Waldeck were combined to form the district of Waldeck-Frankenberg and the districts of Biedenkopf and Marburg to form the district of Marburg-Biedenkopf, Oberasphe became a district of Battenberg in the first-mentioned greater district on January 1, 1974, initially by state law. After violent protests by the population, however, six months later, on July 1, 1974, by virtue of state law, the town was incorporated into the large community of Münchhausen in the neighboring district of Marburg-Biedenkopf.

Outsourcing

On July 1, 1974, the Oberasphe district was ceded to the neighboring community of Münchhausen.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Battenberg was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

From 1988 onwards, the population of Battenberg was relatively constant at 5,700 over a period of 20 years. Since then, it has been slowly declining in the course of demographic change and was 5479 after the 2011 census . Compared to older updates, however, the population increased by 90 inhabitants. According to the Bertelsmann Foundation , Battenberg is “demographic type 1”, that is, a location in the “Smaller stable rural towns and communities” category.

Population structure

According to the 2011 census , there were 5516 inhabitants in Battenberg on May 9, 2011. These included 257 (4.7%) foreigners, of whom 150 came from outside the EU , 87 from other European countries and 20 from other countries. The inhabitants lived in 2238 households. Of these, 586 were single households , 596 couples without children and 800 couples with children, as well as 212 single parents and 44 shared apartments .

Population development

• 1502: 46 citizens
• 1577: 93 households
• 1712: 94 households
• 1791: 791 inhabitants
• 1800: 779 inhabitants
• 1806: 799 inhabitants, 129 houses
• 1829: 954 inhabitants, 144 houses
Battenberg: Population from 1791 to 2015
year     Residents
1791
  
 791
1800
  
 779
1806
  
 799
1829
  
 954
1834
  
 1,171
1840
  
 1,216
1846
  
 1,363
1852
  
 1,376
1858
  
 1,361
1864
  
 1,195
1871
  
 1,001
1875
  
 1,033
1885
  
 1,028
1895
  
 959
1905
  
 956
1910
  
 990
1925
  
 1.010
1939
  
 1,321
1946
  
 1,851
1950
  
 1,757
1956
  
 1,660
1961
  
 1,848
1967
  
 2.164
1972
  
 4,517
1975
  
 4,979
1980
  
 5,030
1985
  
 4,975
1990
  
 5,537
1995
  
 5,693
2000
  
 5,752
2005
  
 5,640
2010
  
 5,445
2011
  
 5,516
2015
  
 5,414
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1972 :; from 1975 :; 2011 census
From 1972 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform .

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 0890 Protestant, 64 Jewish residents
• 1885: 0949 Protestant, 23 Catholic, 56 Jewish residents
• 2011: 3868 Protestant (= 70.1%), 812 Catholic (= 14.7%), 836 other (= 15.2%) residents

politics

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council
      
A total of 31 seats
  • SPD : 6
  • FDP : 2
  • CDU : 6
  • BLLFB : 6
  • SU : 6
  • BLD : 5
 Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 21.0 6th 26.0 8th 22.9 7th 20.6 6th
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 18.9 6th 20.7 6th 24.4 8th 25.0 8th
BLLFB List of citizens of the districts of Laisa, Frohnhausen and Berghofen 17.9 6th 18.1 6th 15.5 5 15.3 5
SU Citizen list city of Battenberg 19.8 6th 15.0 5 17.1 5 19.8 6th
BLD Citizen list Dodenau 16.5 5 14.6 4th 14.1 4th 13.5 4th
FDP Free Democratic Party 5.3 2 5.6 2 5.5 2 4.1 1
D&C List of independent citizens in Berghofen 0.6 0 - - 0.5 0 1.7 1
total 100.0 31 100.0 31 100.0 31 100.0 31
Voter turnout in% 51.7 51.8 49.6 55.6

mayor

After three legislative terms (18 years), Heinfried Horsel (non-party) decided not to run again. As his successor, Christian Klein, the son of the former District President Lutz Klein , was elected mayor on May 25, 2014 with 68.9% of the votes cast in the first ballot and took office on August 1, 2014.

coat of arms

Blazon : "Shield split by black and silver."

The coat of arms of the city could be one of the oldest coats of arms in Hesse. This can be assumed because Battenberg was already fully owned by the Archdiocese of Mainz as early as 1291 (half of it from 1238) and the colors, if the coat of arms had only been introduced at this time, would have been characterized by the colors red and white. It is therefore very likely that it dates back to the time of the Counts of Battenberg around the 12th century, i.e. from the prehistoric times of the coats of arms, when they were simple identification aids to make friends and foes easier on the battlefield due to the emerging armor to be able to distinguish. This derivation is supported by the simplicity of the design of the Battenberg coat of arms, since at that time not every city had a coat of arms and these therefore had to become more and more complicated in their development history in order to still differ from the existing ones.

Town twinning

City partnerships with:

  • FranceFrance Senonches , France, since 1979
  • United KingdomUnited Kingdom Romsey , United Kingdom, since 1987

Sponsorship

In the upper Edertal, especially in Battenberg (Eder), many expellees found a new home after the Second World War. This was the decisive factor that Battenberg took over the sponsorship for the city of Obergeorgenthal in 1951 and the sponsorship for the city of Oberleutensdorf in the Sudetenland in 1982.

  • Czech RepublicCzech Republic Horní Jiřetín (Obergeorgenthal), Czech Republic, since 1951
  • Czech RepublicCzech Republic Litvínov (Oberleutensdorf), Czech Republic, since 1982

links

The connection to the Dutch town of Loon op Zand / Netherlands comes from the friendship between the fire brigade there and the volunteer fire brigade from the Battenberg district of Dodenau, which has existed since 1962.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Neuburg

The Neuburg , built in 1732 as a hunting lodge for the landgraves, has been the seat of the city administration since 1971.

Keep

The conical castle hill lies in the middle of the city. The restored keep of the former cellar castle serves as a lookout tower and is open to visitors from April to October. It offers a good view of the entire Ederbergland . Remnants of the surrounding wall and moat from the 13th century are still partially visible.

Burgberg tunnel

A visitor mine was opened in 2000 . With protective clothing and a miner's lamp , the more than 150 year old tunnels and shafts can be visited under the guidance of experienced guides. The working conditions of the miners underground are clearly shown.

As early as 1839 Christian Frank from Hatzfeld received permission to dig for Braunstein in the mountain . Around 1850, the Rennertehaus merchant Benedikt Blumenthal drove a tunnel into the hard silica slate on the slope of the mountain in order to extract brown stone. After his death in 1863, the mining rights were given to the Burgberg trade union in Siegen. From 1893 the tunnel system was extensively expanded; you put dynamite and for the removal Loren one. After 1900 the manganese ore mining was stopped. During the Second World War , the tunnel system was used as an air raid shelter .

  • Lore from the Burgberg tunnel

  • Upper town with city wall

  • View from the old town into the Edertal (left)

  • The former Kleudelburg hunting lodge (in the 18th century)

Sports

Economy and Infrastructure

Land use

In 2015, the municipal area covered a total of 5473 hectares, of which the following were accounted for in hectares :

Type of use 2011 2015
Building and open space 269 272
from that Living 156 156
Business 35 35
Operating area 14th 14th
from that Mining land 2 2
Recreation area 23 23
from that Green area 9 9
traffic area 408 408
Agricultural area 1918 1914
from that moor 0 0
pagan 0 0
Forest area 3732 3733
Water surface 77 77
Other use 32 32

Economic structure

Battenberg has two business parks and an industrial area , which is home to the Hasenclever & Sohn ironworks, among others . The most important employers in the vicinity are the Viessmann factories in the neighboring community of Allendorf.

traffic

Special train at Battenberg (Eder) station, which was closed in 2006

Battenberg is located near the intersection of the federal highways B 236 and B 253 , which connect the city with Frankenberg , Biedenkopf , Wetter and Hallenberg .

On the Bad Berleburg – Allendorf railway line opened in 1910, the Battenberg (Eder) station ( 51 ° 1 ′ 19.5 ″  N , 8 ° 38 ′ 18.8 ″  E ) was built below the town in the Edertal . In addition, the Auhammer industrial park to the north was developed with a stop ( 51 ° 1 ′ 55.8 ″  N , 8 ° 37 ′ 28.3 ″  E ). On the route there is still freight traffic between Battenberg and Frankenberg. In passenger transport, trips are only made to special events.

Long-distance cycle routes

The following cycle paths run in the vicinity of Battenberg :

Personalities

Sons and daughters

People connected to the city

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Battenberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Battenberg (Eder)  - travel guide
Wikisource: Battenberg in Merian's Topographia Hassiae  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Ederknie nature reserve at Auhammer near Battenberg: One of the most natural river sections in Hesse. NABU Waldeck-Frankenberg, 2011, accessed on June 15, 2013 .
  3. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 17th f . ( Online at google books ).
  4. ↑ Incorporation of the Berghofen communities into the Battenberg community in the Frankenberg district on January 5, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 3 , p. 110 , point 117 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).
  5. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , item 328, para. 29 ( online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  6. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Frankenberg and Waldeck (GVBl. II 330-23) of October 4, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 359 , § 13 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
  7. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 389, 390 and 415 .
  8. ↑ main statute. (DOCX; 26 kB) §; 5. In: Website. Municipality of Battenberg (Eder), accessed in March 2019 .
  9. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Frankenberg and Waldeck (GVBl. II 330-23) of October 4, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 359 , § 13 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
  10. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 390 .
  11. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 2 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  12. ↑ a b c d e f Battenberg (Eder), Waldeck-Frankenberg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of January 30, 2020). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  13. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  14. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  15. ↑ The affiliation of the Battenberg office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  16. ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 point 6e) ( online at google books ).
  17. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  235 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  18. ^ A b Population according to nationality groups: Battenberg (Eder), city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in March 2020 .
  19. ^ Households by family: Battenberg (Eder), city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in March 2020 .
  20. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  182 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  21. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  194 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  22. ↑ Municipal data sheet : Battenberg (Eder). (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH ;
  23. ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No.  33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  24. ↑ a b Hessian Statistical Information System In: Statistics.Hessen.
  25. ^ Religious affiliation : Battenberg (Eder), city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in March 2020 .
  26. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  27. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
  28. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
  29. ↑ Mayoral election 2014
  30. ↑ town twinning. City of Battenberg, accessed June 15, 2013 .
  31. ^ Loon op Zand (Kaatsheuvel), Netherlands, since 1982NetherlandsNetherlands
  32. ↑ Burgberg tunnel in Battenberg. City of Battenberg, accessed June 15, 2013 .