Wilmersdorf cemetery

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General plan of the cemetery with the individual grave sites

The state-owned Wilmersdorf cemetery in the Berlin district of Wilmersdorf is an avenue district cemetery that has existed since 1885/1886 and has been expanded several times. The current size is 10.12  hectares . The occupancy areas A, B and D are a registered garden monument of the State of Berlin.

When the cemetery was expanded to the northwest, a crematorium with extensive columbaria was built in the cemetery from 1919 to 1923 . Cremations have not taken place here since 1990, but the mourning hall in the building is still used. The crematorium is a registered monument of the State of Berlin.

history

Wall graves on the oldest part of the cemetery
Graves of victims of war and tyranny in occupied area A

The cemetery was laid out as a municipal cemetery for the rural community Deutsch-Wilmersdorf west of the center of Wilmersdorf south of Berliner Straße. The size at that time was about one hectare. In the center of the cemetery, a cemetery chapel with an adjoining morgue was built in clinker construction based on designs by Max Contag and Christian Havestadt . From the chapel, the cemetery was opened up with a rectangular grid of paths, with the main paths as avenues, mainly with linden and plane trees . The cemetery was closed by a cemetery wall on which numerous monumental hereditary burial sites were built.

The cemetery chapel was badly damaged in World War II and subsequently demolished. The circular path that led around the chapel still exists, the former location of the chapel was planted with rhododendron bushes . The avenues and the outer walls with the wall graves and mausoleums are still largely in place. The former main entrance is now the side entrance on Berliner Straße.

Between 1906 and 1915 the cemetery complex was expanded several times to the south, west and east. The design principles of the cemetery were largely retained during the expansions. The designs for the extensions are attributed to Richard Thieme . Only a rectangular area of ​​water and a park-like group of graves, which was called the “grove burial place”, have been created in a strict grid. The water surface later gave way to a shelter.

The extensions of the Wilhelmsaue to the west and the Brienner Straße to the south, which would have quartered the cemetery, were taken into account. Only from the 1950s, when these road extensions lost their meaning in connection with the planning of the nearby city ​​motorway ring , were the areas occupied.

After the Second World War, grave fields were laid out in several places in the cemetery for the numerous victims of the war. According to the law on the preservation of the graves of victims of war and tyranny, these graves must be preserved permanently.

Wilmersdorf crematorium

Wilmersdorf crematorium
Farm yard of the crematorium

After cremation was legitimized in Prussia and positive experiences in the former districts of Wedding ( Urnenfriedhof Seestrasse with Richtstrasse crematorium) and Treptow ( Baumschulenweg cemetery with Baumschulenweg crematorium ), the Wilmersdorf community also decided to build a crematorium and to increase the use of cremation. It was hoped that this would improve the hygienic conditions and reduce the required burial space. However, the plans could only be implemented after the First World War . From 1919 to 1922, the crematorium was built in the northwestern area of ​​the cemetery according to designs by Otto Herrnring .

Relief The hasty time by Eberhard Encke

Herrnring designed the crematorium in a classical style with a central building and two side wings. A 17.5 meter high dome in the center dominates the building. The only external decorative element on the gable of the central building above the main entrance is a relief depicting Chronos with the title Die eilende Zeit by Eberhard Encke . The central building is entered via a wide flight of stairs that lead to a foyer that is in front of the entire front of the building.

The mourning hall is in the center of the building. Light falls into the room through a high drum below the dome. Opposite the entrance there is an altar and above the entrance on a gallery there is an organ and space for singers.

The technical facilities for cremation are located in the basement and in the basement of the crematorium. Two ovens were available here for cremation . A particularly clever solution was found for the exhaust air, as no visible chimney should impair the visual appearance of the building. Both the exhaust ducts of the two ovens and the ventilation ducts from the corpse storage rooms are led upwards at the rear of the tower and enter the dome over the cornice . Above the massive masonry inner dome vault, the shafts lead to the center of the dome and end there in an attic-like structure. This construction leads to the parabolic dome shape, which is visible from the outside, while the inside of the dome ends with a hemisphere.

The delivery of the deceased and the removal of the ashes for burial in other cemeteries took place via a farm yard, which could be reached southwest of the crematorium, shielded by the central building and west wing, without disturbing the cemetery visitors via Kalischer Straße. In addition, the service yard is lower so that the rooms in the basement could be accessed directly. The lifting and lowering of the coffins from the economic area into the prayer hall was carried out by a lifting device operated with pressurized water .

The design of the cemetery in the vicinity of the crematorium was again carried out by Richard Thieme. In order to increase the effectiveness of the crematorium, he created sunken lawns in front of it. Thieme designed the axis from the new main entrance to the crematorium with several plant basins and two mirror-image pairs of sculptures of mourners, which were also created by the sculptor Eberhard Encke.

The front area was redesigned as early as 1931. The area of ​​the forecourt was lowered by up to two meters to improve the overall impression of the facility. The still new urn field to the right of the path to the crematorium was abandoned and replaced by a square green area, which with the newly built columbaria is reminiscent of a cloister .

In 1948, 1951, 1953 and 1970 further additions were made (cooling system, plant hall, condolence hall , morgue ). In particular, the construction of a new wing at the east end of the crematorium changed the appearance of the crematorium significantly.

In 1966 the crematorium was renovated and temporarily closed. In 1990 the crematorium was shut down because the capacities in the Baumschulenweg and Ruhleben crematoriums are sufficient for Berlin and offer sufficient reserves.

Columbaria

Garden courtyard in the columbarium
Space-saving burial wall in the columbarium

Despite the space-saving cremation, the space in the cemetery became narrow and the construction of several columbaria began as early as 1925, some of which were connected to the crematorium, thus breaking the symmetry of the building and thereby limiting the architectural effect. A special feature of the Wilmersdorfer Kolumbarium is a garden courtyard in Moorish - Gothic style, which was also used for the construction of the Simmering fire hall . Here and in other ornately designed rooms, a need for representation could also be satisfied at an urn burial.

At the beginning of the 1930s, the columbaria were steadily expanded. The initial design as a cloister and garden courtyard, however, offered too few burial options at "popular prices". In the course of the further expansion of the columbaria, walls were erected in which the ashes of the deceased were buried in a very confined space without an urn , but only in the crematorium's ash capsule.

From 1935 onwards, only urn burials were permitted at the Wilmersdorf cemetery. The name of the cemetery was changed to Urnenhain Wilmersdorf . After 1945, however, this regulation was lifted again.

Works of art

In the older parts of the cemetery, in particular, there are tombs and sculptures of art historical value . The numerous wall graves and mausoleums form a unique ensemble in the Berlin sepulchral culture . Above all, the sculptor Hans Dammann left numerous works here, both architectural and sculptural , which are still in good condition today.

Dincklage burial site

Temple-like family grave of Dincklage

For the Rittmeister Baron Max Ildefonso von Dincklage, who died in 1907 , his descendants had a monumental hereditary burial built. Hans Dammann received the order for this. Here he designed a temple-like structure open to the top . A total of twelve Doric columns made of Ettringer tuff stand on a granite base on the side and front . The entrance to the crypt emerges in a semicircle from the closed back, the wrought-iron door of which was originally blue-glazed. There is a massive entablature on the pillars and the back wall. The grave can be found in grave location A East.

In 2007 the grave site was re-assigned.

Gieseler family grave

Grave relief by Norbert Pfretzschner

The grave of the old Wilmersdorf family Gieseler was laid out around 1900 on the western wall of the oldest part of the cemetery. It is adorned by a four-meter-wide relief by the hand of the Tyrolean sculptor Norbert Pfretzschner , who lived in Charlottenburg from 1891 to 1913 . He put the quote "Be faithful to death so I will give you the crown of life" from the Revelation of John (Rev. 2,10) artistically. Pfretzschner shows a seated angel, in one hand holding an upright torch as a symbol of life, in the other hand a crown, which he hands over to two old people sitting on the floor. However, the angel does not look at the old woman, but at a putti standing next to him , which gives the scene the impression of a didactic piece.

The Gieseler grave was abandoned in the 1970s. The grave inscriptions, which recalled the Gieseler family buried, were dismantled and the area in front of the grave wall was now occupied with individual graves.

Kemmann tomb

Tomb architecture by Sepp Kaiser

In 1928, the traffic expert Gustav Kemmann had a family grave built by the Swiss architect Sepp Kaiser for his wife, who died on December 8, 1927 . Kemmann and Kaiser knew each other through their activities for the Berlin elevated and underground railway. Gustav Kemmann followed his wife in 1931. The burial site is now the honorary grave of the State of Berlin. It is still used by the descendants of Kemmann (Lenke family).

Loebell's burial place

Wall grave of the von Loebell family

Friedrich Wilhelm von Loebell had a family grave laid in the oldest part of the cemetery (grave field A) in 1911 after the death of his son Dietrich, who died at the age of 20. The design for this system comes from Hans Dammann. He designed a three-section grave wall. The two outer fields were intended as plaques of honor for the names of the deceased and the middle field was designed as a false portal , to which a short flight of stairs leads up. However, the portal is blocked by a large marble cross, which symbolically blocks the access of the bereaved to the afterlife . For the depiction of the afterlife on the wall behind the cross, Dammann chose a lining with dark blue glass mosaic with a contrasting golden mosaic border and golden rays emerging from behind the cross. Friedrich Wilhelm von Loebell and his wife Margarethe, b. von Flottwell, were buried here. The system is located in the grave location A East.

The tomb was converted in 2007 as a community grave for the Wilmersdorf church district. In addition to a redesign of the grave field, the names of the von Loebell family were covered on the grave wall with two black metal plaques on which the names of those newly buried here are listed.

Grave complex pepper

Pfeffer family grave with a unique relief wall

The Pfeffer grave complex is unique in the Berlin area. A sculpture of a mourning woman stands in front of a relief wall that is covered over and over with plant motifs. The wall, carved in shell limestone , gives the impression of fossils due to the low working depth of the reliefs, reinforced by the meanwhile significant weathering . In front of the relief wall and sculpture is the crypt covered with four large plates, so that in clear contrast to the numerous depictions of plants on the relief wall, the grave itself could not be adorned with real plants. The architect or sculptor of the grave is not known. However, it is speculated that it could be a work by the sculptor Richard Langer . The grave is in the grave location B East.

Wislicenus-Finzelberg burial site

Wall grave with sculpture by Lilli Wislicenus-Finzelberg

The first burial in this family grave was that of the history painter Hermann Wislicenus in 1899. Hermann Finzelberg followed in 1922. In December 1939, the married children of the two first buried, the painter Hans Wislicenus and his wife, the sculptor Lilli Wislicenus-Finzelberg, died within two days. Both were buried here.

The tomb wall has three sections. The name inscriptions, which are now heavily weathered and barely legible, are located above a base area on the outer fields. The niche in the middle field houses the tomb sculpture of a mourning woman who is laying down a rose , a common symbol of love in the grave decorations. This sculpture was created in 1910 by Lilli Wislicenus-Finzelberg, who was later buried here. The sculpture and grave wall make use of the design language of Art Nouveau . This grave is also in the grave location A East.

The same sculpture can also be found on a grave in the Vvedenskoye Cemetery in Moscow.

More graves

Furthermore, some tombs are equipped with individual grave sculptures. Here are to be mentioned

  • a marble angel figure by August Bauer on the hereditary funeral Bolze (A Ost),
  • a marble figure of Christ on the former grave site Blisse-Ochs (today common grave complex) of Franz Ochs , who was also buried here (A West),
  • a self-made, marble figure of Christ by the sculptor Michel Lock, who is buried here (A5 at the roundabout),
  • a bronze galvanoplastic sculpture of a mourning woman on a former family grave (today a common grave) by Hans Dammann (A Ost), which can be found in numerous (Berlin) cemeteries,
  • a relief by August Rhades on the grave of Henriette von Hollitscher (B Ost).

There are portrait reliefs on four gravestones to commemorate the buried there.

  • Grave relief of mathematics professor Richard Güntsche (1861–1913), rare high relief in half profile made in 1914 by the sculptor Richard Grüttner (B1-15-9)
  • Relief tondo for the composer Theo Mackeben (A5-UW-118)
  • Grave relief of the architect and city councilor Otto Schnock (1865–1922), signed "VE Schmidt 1922" (B12)
  • High relief doo of the Wilmersdorfer main teacher Christian Schulz (1824–1898, Grabfeld A6)

Well-known personalities buried

Surname Year of birth Year of death Profession / work Honor grave Grave tray Photo of the grave Remarks
Günther Abendroth 1920 1993 Politician x D16-23 photo
Hans Ailbout 1879 1957 Musician, music director, composer not received
Georg Alexander 1888 1945 Actor, director Abandoned in 1960
Otto Antoine 1865 1951 Painter C7-4-8 photo
Hans Arnold 1860 1913 sculptor not received
Paul Felix Aschrott 1856 1927 Lawyer, criminal law and social reformer not received
Ewno Asew 1869 1918 Lockspitzel Asew not received
Bruno Balz 1902 1988 Pop writers, lyricists B6-UW-54 photo
Otto Bashin 1865 1933 Professor of Geography (HU) not received
Max Baumbach 1859 1915 sculptor not received
Giuseppe Becce 1877 1973 composer Room 21, Wall C, Row 11, No. 6 photo
Wilhelm Beckmann 1852 1942 painter photo
Peter Behrens 1868 1940 Architect and designer Former room 16, wall A, row 4, no.5 not received
Franz Beyschlag 1856 1935 geologist not received
Robert Biberti 1902 1985 Singer with the Comedian Harmonists C5-89 photo
Rudolf Biebrach 1866 1938 Film director and actor B9-UR-212 photo
Auguste Blisse 1845 1907 " Millions of farmers ", founder of an orphanage since 1969 A West 96-97 photo
Christian Blisse 1823 1905 " Millions of farmers ", founder of an orphanage since 1969 A West 96-97 photo
Carl Bohm 1844 1920 composer not received
Curt Bois 1901 1991 actor A9-87 without tombstone
Richard van der Borght 1861 1926 Political economist not received
Richard Bornstein 1852 1913 Physicist and meteorologist B1-15-8 photo
Otto Briesemeister 1866 1910 opera singer not received
Egon Brosig 1889 1961 actor B5-Ur-104 photo
Alexander Calandrelli 1834 1903 sculptor not received
Paul Colberg 1863 1926 Composer and pianist Urn room, wall A, row 4, number 4 Abandoned in 1988
Max Contag 1852 1930 Engineer ("builder" of the Teltow Canal ) A West 81-86 photo
Sigrid Damm-Rüger 1939 1995 SDS activist, feminist, author
Max Delbrück 1850 1919 Agricultural chemist not received
Ludwig Deubner 1877 1946 Classical philologist and religious scholar not received
Emil Doepler 1855 1922 Painter not received
Julius Ehrentraut 1841 1923 Painter not received
Richard Ermisch 1885 1960 Architect, City Planning Director A9-UW-16 photo
Hans Fiebrandt 1905 2001 actor
Emil Franke 1880 1945 District Mayor of Wilmersdorf not received
Johannes Friedrich 1893 1972 Ancient orientalist and university professor photo
Hermann Föttinger 1877 1945 Electrical engineer and inventor C14-2-31 photo
Friedrich Freund 1861 1924 State Secretary in the Prussian Ministry of the Interior not received
Hugo Gasteiger 1899 1978 Ophthalmologist photo
Nikolaus Geiger 1849 1897 sculptor not received
Iska Geri 1914 2002 Actress and cabaret artist
Otto Geyer 1843 1914 sculptor not received
Theodor Grawert 1858 1927 Army music officer not received
Siegfried Grönig 1942 2000 actor B2-Ur-3 photo
Wilhelm Grube 1855 1908 Sinologist Fritz Schumacher grave design , not preserved
Isa Gruner 1897 1989 social worker
Heinrich Grünfeld 1855 1931 cellist not received
Carl Halir 1859 1909 Violin virtuoso not received
Otto Hammann 1852 1928 Lawyer and press officer in the Federal Foreign Office not received
Agnes Harder 1864 1939 poetess not received
Karin Hardt 1910 1992 actress
Johannes Hass 1873 1945 Trade unionists and politicians since 1965 B10-UW3-15 photo
Otto Hauser 1874 1932 History researcher, discovered the Aurignac man 1990-2014 C2-UW-20 photo
Christian Havestadt 1852 1908 Architect ("builder" of the Teltow Canal) A East 25-28 photo
Wolf Hilbertz 1938 2007 Architect, entrepreneur, researcher
Matthias Hinze 1969 2007 Actor and voice actor photo
Gerhard Huttula 1902 1996 camera operator
Eliza Illiard 1905 1969 Coloratura soprano
Julius Jacob 1842 1929 Painter not received
Gerhard Janensch 1860 1933 Sculptor and painter not received
Victor Janson 1884 1960 actor
Leon Jessel 1871 1942 Composer ( Black Forest Girl ) C8-16a-23 photo 1955 Relocation of the south-west cemetery in Stahnsdorf
Peter Jokostra 1912 2007 writer Room 2, No. 30 photo
Clemens Kaufung 1867 1921 opera singer not received
Gustav Kemmann 1858 1931 Transport scientist since 2004 B East 70-72 photo
Felix Klemperer 1866 1932 Mediciners A5 # 101 not received
Reinhard Kolldehoff 1914 1995 actor C13-16-18 photo
Willi Krause 1903 1987 Politician, union official x A11-UW-129 photo
Reinhold Kuebart 1879 1937 sculptor not received
Bernhard Kühn 1838 1917 Professor at the Royal Technical University of Berlin not received
Heinrich Kühn 1894 1981 Politicians and trade unionists x E3-UR-317 photo
Helmut R. Külz 1903 1985 Lawyer, Vice President of the Federal Administrative Court
Wilhelm Külz 1875 1948 Politician, Prussian Interior Minister, co-founder of the LDPD A9-113 photo
Artur Landsberger 1876 1933 writer not received
Tilly Lauenstein 1916 2002 Actress and voice actress
Heinrich Lautensack 1881 1919 writer not received
Hans Lietzmann 1875 1942 Theologian, church historian A8-UW-69 photo
Paul Liman 1860 1916 writer not received
Georgia Lind 1905 1984 actress A6-UW-126 photo
Walter List 1898 1987 Politician x B7-UW4-27 photo
Michel Lock 1848 1898 sculptor A5 photo
Friedrich Wilhelm von Loebell 1855 1931 Politician and Prussian Interior Minister A east 119-120 photo
Theo Mackeben 1897 1953 Composer, pianist and conductor A5-UW-118 photo
Will Meisel 1897 1967 Composer, music publisher C11-1-1 / 3 photo
Dénes from Mihály 1894 1953 Engineer and inventor D11-12-9 photo
Heinrich Müller-Breslau 1851 1925 Professor of statics and bridge construction former room 7a, wall B, no.146 photo Abandoned in 2009
Selma Nicklass-Kempner 1850 1928 Singer and singing teacher not received
Ernst Niekisch 1889 1967 Politician, author and publisher of the magazine Resistance Room 13, Wall C, Row 2, No. 2 photo
Heinz van Nouhuys 1929 2005 Publisher and journalist
Richard Ohmann 1850 1910 sculptor C1-3 / 8 photo
Helmut Ollk 1911 1979 architect C5-UW 1/21
Otto Ostrowski 1883 1963 Politician and Lord Mayor of Greater Berlin D1-1-6 photo
Paul Otto 1878 1943 actor not received
August of Parseval 1861 1942 Airship designer not received
Albert Patry 1864 1938 actor not received
Reinhard Peters 1926 2008 Conductor and musician photo
Ida Perry 1877 1966 actress
Rudolf Platte 1904 1984 actor since 2010 A6-UW-126 photo
Kurt Pomplun 1910 1977 Writer and local historian since 1978 B1-UW-53 photo
Ludwig Preller 1897 1974 Social politician D3-1-31 photo
Max Rabes 1868 1944 painter not received
Kurt Reimann 1913 2001 Singer A2-102 photo
Jakob Riesser 1853 1932 Lawyer, politician and banking specialist not received
Willy Römer 1887 1979 Press photographer Room 20, Wall D, Row 1, No. 2 photo
Max Runze 1849 1931 Protestant pastor, member of parliament and author not received
Erich Schellow 1915 1995 actor D4-39 photo
Eugene Schiffer 1860 1954 Politician since 1997 D7-4-4 / 6 photo
Hubert Schmidt 1864 1933 Prehistoric professor at the University of Berlin not received
Fritz Schmidt-Clausing 1902 1984 Pastor and theologian formerly C12-1 / 12 Abandoned in 2009
Otto Schnock 1865 1922 Architect and city councilor in Wilmersdorf B11 photo
Otto Schramm 1845 1902 Founder of the seaside resort at Wilmersdorfer See A West 21-24 photo
Friedrich Schröder 1910 1972 Composer and conductor C3-3-16 / 17 photo
F. Albert Schwartz 1836 1906 Berlin landscape and architecture photographer not received
Rolf Schwedler 1914 1981 Politician and Berlin Senator since 1984 D10-UW2-4a photo
Heinrich Seeling 1852 1932 architect x A1-UW-4 photo
Vera Skoronel 1906 1932 dancer not received
Senta Söneland 1882 1934 actress not received
Hans Heinz Stuckenschmidt 1901 1988 Music critic and composer Room 12, Wall C, Row 10, No. 4 photo
Hans Stuewe 1901 1976 Actor and director D2-UW-40 without tombstone
Walther Suessenguth 1900 1964 Actor and director E5-UW-217 photo
Guido Thielscher 1859 1941 actor 1952-2015 D3-1-8 / 11 photo
Richard Thieme 1876 1948 Horticultural architect not received
Rudolf Tobias 1873 1918 Composer and university professor Transferred to Estonia in 1992
Heinz Tovote 1864 1946 writer not received
Cuno from Uechtritz-Steinkirch 1856 1908 sculptor not received
Emma Vely 1848 1934 Writer and salonnière not received
Wolfgang Völz 1930 2018 actor photo
Georg Voss 1854 1932 Art historian not received
Hans Wallenberg 1907 1977 Journalist and newspaper founder Room 10, No. 53b photo
Hildegard Wegscheider 1897 1953 Pedagogue and school reformer since 1956 C7-3-12 photo
Rolf Weih 1906 1969 actor
Herbert Weissbach 1901 1995 actor C9-Ur-137 photo
Lilli Wislicenus-Finzelberg 1872 1939 sculptor A East 85-87 photo
Hans Wislicenus 1864 1939 Painter A East 85-87 photo
Hermann Wislicenus 1825 1899 History painter A East 85-87 photo
Margarethe von Witzleben 1853 1917 Founder of the hearing impaired movement in Germany since 1995 D5b-1-22 photo
Inge Wolffberg 1924 2010 Actress and cabaret artist
Ignaz Zadek 1858 1931 Politician, "worker doctor" 1990-2014 B2-UW-123 photo
Alfred Zehden 1876 1948 Engineer and inventor photo
Fedor von Zobeltitz 1857 1934 writer 1952-2014 Room 7a, wall B, no.123 photo

literature

  • Fritz Grüder: The new flame burial in the cemetery in Berlin-Wilmersdorf . In: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , Volume 42, No. 75, September 16, 1922, pp. 449–451.
  • Berlin and its buildings, Part X, Volume A Systems and structures for supply: (3) Funeral services . Wilhelm Ernst, Berlin 1981, ISBN 3-433-00890-6 , pp. 31–32, 76–77 and 116–117.
  • A shadow's dream is the person / Berlin cemeteries part 1 (CD-ROM). GBBB e. V., Berlin 1997.
  • Hans-Jürgen Mende: Lexicon of Berlin tombs . Haude & Spener, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-7759-0476-X , pp. 204-211.
  • Jörg Haspel, Klaus von Krosigk (eds.): Garden monuments in Berlin: Friedhöfe (=  contributions to the preservation of monuments in Berlin . Vol. 27). Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-86568-293-2 , pp. 39-42.

Web links

Commons : Friedhof Wilmersdorf  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. Much more often one encounters the depiction of a lowered torch as a symbol of death in cemeteries.

Individual evidence

  1. List of Berlin cemeteries (PDF; 84 kB) Senate Department for Urban Development
  2. Entry in the Berlin state monument list, Wilmersdorf municipal cemetery, occupancy areas A, B, D
  3. Entry in the Berlin State Monument List, Wilmersdorf municipal cemetery, crematorium
  4. ^ Berlin and its buildings: Funeral Services , p. 116.
  5. a b Udo Christoffel (Ed.): Berlin-Wilmersdorf - The years 1920 to 1945 . Wilhelm Möller, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-9801001-1-1 , p. 245
  6. ^ Berlin and its buildings: Funeral Services , p. 117.
  7. Wilmersdorf crematorium - abandoned in the Lexicon of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district
  8. Wilmersdorf cemetery on the website of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf Green Space Office
  9. Garden monuments in Berlin: Friedhöfe , p. 39
  10. Garden monuments in Berlin: Friedhöfe , p. 42
  11. ^ Description of the grave site on berliner-grabmale-retten.de
  12. ^ Photo of the mourning sculpture in the Vvedenskoye Cemetery in Moscow
  13. Honorary graves of the State of Berlin (PDF; as of July 2016)
  14. ^ Photo in the biography Curt Bois on Cabaret Berlin / Exploring the entertainment of the Weimar era
  15. ^ Gravestone art, 5th episode, Fritz Schumacher in the Architecture Museum of the Technical University of Berlin
  16. Lexicon of Berlin Tombs, p. 471

Coordinates: 52 ° 29 ′ 6.6 "  N , 13 ° 18 ′ 39.6"  E