Hans Dammann

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Hans Dammann, 1904.
Tomb sculpture Aux Morts at the Great Berlin Art Exhibition 1904

Hans Dammann (born June 16, 1867 in Proskau , Opole district , Silesia , † June 15, 1942 in Berlin ) was a German sculptor .

Life

Hans Dammann was born as the son of the professor of veterinary medicine Karl Dammann . In 1877 the family moved to Hanover . After his school education he attended the Technical University of Hanover from 1885 to 1888 . In October 1888 he moved from there to the Royal Academy of Arts in Berlin . There he studied until April 1895 with Albert Wolff , Ernst Herter , Peter Breuer and Gerhard Janensch, among others . Immediately after completing his studies, Hans Dammann traveled to Rome .

When he returned, he sent the Great Berlin Art Exhibition that same year . At this annual exhibition he was always represented with at least one work until 1913. From 1895 he worked as a freelance sculptor. In addition to smaller commissioned work, he created the night watchman fountain for the market square in Linden , which was unveiled on September 20, 1896. In the same year he married Frida Martha Hirschwald (1878–1952).

Work

Cemetery art: funerary monuments

Seated mourners with urn , detail, see picture description
Fountain with dancing faunas in Gleiwitz , 1928
Four schoolgirls at the entrance to the former Eichendorff-Ober-Lyzeum in Gleiwitz , 1930

For the time being, there were no further commissions for monuments in public space, so that Hans Dammann joined a workshop for cemetery art in Plauen , which passed on his designs to interested parties. One of the first models from this cooperation, his work “Sleep”, met with great interest at the Great Berlin Art Exhibition in 1899. As a mourning figure she found Hirschwald on the grave monument for Dammann's in-laws on the III. Cemetery of the Luisengemeinde in Berlin-Charlottenburg installation. In the following period he created around 130 grave monuments , including monumental grave structures on the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Cemetery in Berlin-Charlottenburg and on the Wilmersdorf cemetery .

In Hamburg, Hans Dammann created around 15 tombs in the area of ​​the Ohlsdorf cemetery between 1906 and 1936.

public orders

In 1898 he created a bust of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III for the officers' mess of the Landwehr district command on Tempelhofer Feld . depicting the king in uniform and paletot and bicorn .

On June 7, 1903, the war memorial created by him for the 4th Thuringian Infantry Regiment No. 72 was ceremoniously unveiled on the road between Gorze and Rezonville (in what was then the Reichsland of Alsace-Lorraine ).

In 1903 he received the order for his second fountain, which was set up in Bad Salzuflen in front of the Hoffmannstift, a hospital of Hoffmann's starch factories . He waived his artist fee for this project. In 1904 he received an order for the figure of a blacksmith for the second parapet pillar of the town hall balcony in Bielefeld .

In 1906 he created the geniuses “Morning” and “Evening”, which were placed to the left and right of the large clock at the New Town Hall in Hanover.

The sculptural group "Durst" (naked seated persons, two panthers watering), which Dammann presented to the public at the Great Berlin Art Exhibition in 1910, was created as a free work. According to this model, a fountain in Untersberg marble and bronze was set up in the Kaiserjubiläumspark in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe in 1914 . For this achievement, Kaiser Wilhelm II honored him with the title of Professor .

Soldiers' graves and war memorials

Since Hans Dammann was a reserve officer , he was drafted right at the beginning of the First World War. After a few weeks the reserve captain returned home wounded. He expanded the repertoire of his grave monuments around the subject of the soldier tomb. As with his civil grave monuments, many of his designs were partially slightly modified or used several times.

Especially the models of his soldiers' graves, which he created from 1916, were reused as war memorials in the Weimar Republic . His last civil work was the fountain above the Elisabethquelle in the spa gardens of Bad Homburg vor der Höhe (unveiled in 1918). In 2006, a bronze mourning figure of Dammann was erected in second use as a memorial to St. Elisabeth on the Elisabethplan below the Wartburg in Eisenach .

After the First World War he designed other grave monuments until, from 1922, he created almost exclusively war memorials, of which around 70 can currently be traced. As of 1933, due to his advanced age, his works were created with the collaboration of Heinrich Rochlitz .

Even if he was denied public recognition through sensational monument projects in a time that was rich in monuments, he was considered an important sculptor in the area of ​​grave monuments and the war memorials that resulted from them.

Last works

In his final years, Dammann turned back to civil works, which is funded by the Prussian police officers monument to the two Berlin police officers Paul start and Franz Lenk, 1931, in the exercise of their profession by Erich Mielke and other members of the M-apparatus of the Communist Party on the Bülowplatz in Berlin were murdered. The memorial, unveiled at the scene of the crime on September 29, 1934, was melted down during the Second World War on the occasion of the metal donation by the German people . Mielke, now State Secretary in the GDR Ministry for State Security , had the base dismantled at the beginning of 1950.

In 1937 a “grave made of granite block and a bronze figure of a knee end with a laurel wreath” was created for the factory owner Karl Richard Kelling, who was buried in the Radebeul-Ost cemetery.

Works

Enger / Westf.
War memorial 1914/18
Friedland / Mecklenburg
war memorial 1914/18
Fürstenberg / Havel
war memorial 1914/18
Hans Dammann with Heinrich Rochlitz : Triariis bello occisis , (The fallen of the war) 1927. Memorial to those of the Reserve and Landwehr officer corps who fell in World War I, Jebensstrasse, Berlin (at the Bahnhof Zoo )
Gleiwitz / Upper Silesia
Mother monument in front of the former state women's clinic
Sculpture Salome (before 1913, photograph from Reclam's Universe 1912)
Dortmund-Somborn
war memorial 1914-18

Municipal war memorials 1914–1918

From his creative period communal war memorials 1914-1918 are known so far:

War memorials for the fallen of the Old Army

In addition to the aforementioned, war memorials for the fallen soldiers of various units or branches of the so-called Old Army were also created according to drafts by Hans Dammann :

The most important memorials of this creative period are:

Other works

literature

  • Galvanoplastische Kunstanstalt Geislingen / Steige. Work carried out, certificates, reports. (Catalog) Geislingen 1904.
  • Hans Vollmer : Dammann, Hans . In: Ulrich Thieme (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 8 : Coutan-Delattre . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1912, p. 325 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Robert Volz: Reich manual of the German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 1: A-K. German business publisher, Berlin 1930, DNB 453960286 .
  • State newspaper for both Mecklenburg. Year 1923, supplement No. 126.
  • Richard von Behrendt: The 1st Guard Foot Artillery Regiment in the World War. Berlin 1928.
  • German grove of honor for the heroes of 1914/18. Leipzig 1931.
  • National newspaper . August 31, 1936.
  • Walter Nickel: The public monuments and fountains of Wroclaw. Wroclaw 1937.
  • Peter Bloch , Sibylle Einholz , Jutta von Simson (eds.): Ethos and Pathos. The Berlin School of Sculpture 1786–1914. (two-volume exhibition catalog) Berlin 1990.
  • Sparkasse Celle (Ed.): Remembrance and memorial sites. (Annual calendar) Celle 1989.
  • Stefanie Endlich, Bernd Wurlitzer: Sculptures and monuments in Berlin. Berlin 1990.
  • Martina Samulat-Gede: The sculptor Hans Dammann (1867–1942) and his artistic work in examples (= series of publications of the Förderkreis Ohlsdorfer Friedhof eV Volume 9.) Hamburg 2003.
  • Hans-Jürgen Mende (Hrsg.): Lexicon of Berlin tombs. Haude & Spener, Berlin 2006.
  • Katrin Lesser, Jörg Kuhn, Detlev Pietzsch u. a. (Ed.): Garden monuments in Berlin. Graveyards. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2008.

such as

Web links

Commons : Hans Dammann  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b For the jubilee celebration 1696–1896. Exhibition of works by former and current teachers and students of the Royal Academic University for the Fine Arts Berlin. (Catalog) Rud. Schuster, Berlin 1896, p. 12.
  2. ↑ Barbara Leisner, Heiko KL Schulze, Ellen Thormann: The Hamburg main cemetery Ohlsdorf. History and tombs. Verlag Hans Christians, Hamburg 1990, p. 189.
  3. ↑ wiki-de.genealogy.net
  4. ↑ German construction newspaper . 48th year 1914, No. 33 (of April 25, 1914), p. 324. (Note on the upcoming list).
  5. ↑ Michael Stricker: Last use. Police officers killed on duty in Berlin from 1918 to 2010. Verlag für Polizeiwissenschaft, Frankfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-86676-141-4 , p. 103.
  6. ↑ Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 117 .
  7. ↑ Max Schmid (ed.): One hundred designs from the competition for the Bismarck National Monument on the Elisenhöhe near Bingerbrück-Bingen. Düsseldorfer Verlagsanstalt, Düsseldorf 1911. (n. Pag.)
  8. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , pp. 473, 475.
personal data
SURNAME Dammann, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH June 16, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Proskau
DATE OF DEATH June 15, 1942
Place of death Berlin