Czaplinek

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Czaplinek
Coat of arms of Czaplinek
Czaplinek (Poland)
Czaplinek
Czaplinek
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : West Pomerania
Powiat : Drawski
Area : 14.0  km²
Geographic location : 53 ° 34 '  N , 16 ° 14'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 33 '37 "  N , 16 ° 13' 54"  E
Height : 142 m npm
Residents : 7109
(June 30, 2019)
Postal code : 78-550
Telephone code : (+48) 94
License plate : ZDR
Economy and Transport
Street : DK20 Stargard ↔ Gdynia
DW163 Kołobrzeg ↔ Wałcz
DW171 Bobolice ↔ Czaplinek
Rail route : PKP line No. 210 ( Chojnice – Runowo Pomorskie )
Next international airport : Szczecin
Gmina
Gminatype: Urban-and-rural parish
Gmina structure: 51 localities localities
29 school authorities
Surface: 365.0 km²
Residents: 11,815
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 32 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 3203013
Administration (as of 2011)
Mayor : Adam Sylwester Kośmider
Address: Rynek 6
78-550 Czaplinek
Website : www.czaplinek.pl



Czaplinek ( German Tempelburg ) is a town in the Powiat Drawski ( Dramburger Kreis ) in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . The small town with 7,100 inhabitants is the seat of a town-and-country municipality of the same name .

Geographical location

The city is located in Hinterpommern in the Draheimer Seenplatte (Pojezierze Drawskie) of the Pomeranian Switzerland at 138  m npm between Drawsko (Dratzigsee) and Czaplino (Zepplinsee) , about 35 kilometers southwest of Szczecinek (Neustettin) , 70 kilometers south of Koszalin (Köslin) and 110 kilometers east of Szczecin . The urban area is surrounded by forests.

Zepplinsee

history

Town hall forecourt with fountain
Marina on Drawsko
Reconstructed Slavic castle Sławogród in a museum park of Tempelburg

On the south bank of the Dratzigsee there was initially a Wendish settlement called Czaplinok , d. H. Heron castle, named after the numerous herons that nest there. In 1286 the Polish Duke Przemislaw II donated the land around the Dratzigsee to the Knights Templar . He built a weir system on the south bank of the lake, which was later mentioned under the name "Tempelborch". It is believed that it was a log cabin. In a document dated November 13, 1291, the Preceptor of the Knights Templar in Poland, Bernhard von Cunstein, explains how the Order compared with the Bishop of Poznan with regard to the settlement of German colonists in the place. Already in 1301 a document mentioned the "civitas Tempelburgiensis". After the Knights Templar was dissolved in 1312, Tempelburg became the property of the Order of St. John . The Brandenburg knights Wiskinus von Vorbeck and Hermann Rode came into possession of Tempelburg in 1334 with the help of the Brandenburg elector Ludwig the Elder. During this time the place was given the Magdeburg city charter. In 1345 Tempelburg returned to the Order of St. John as a Brandenburg fief. Many residents fell victim to the plague in 1349, and in 1368 Elector Otto the Lazy left the deserted land to the Polish kingdom. In the war between Brandenburg, the Teutonic Order and Poland, the castle was destroyed in 1378 by the Polish voivod Johann Czarnkowski.

Since 1439 Tempelburg belonged to the Polish Starostei Draheim . During the 16th century, glassworks, iron hammers and the cloth making trade became the most important branches of industry in the city. In 1609 and 1610 major fires caused severe damage and large parts of the population fell victim to recurring epidemics. Although ruled by Catholic Poland, the Reformation also took hold in Tempelburg. In 1625, however, the holding of Protestant church services was banned. During the Polish-Swedish War, Swedish soldiers looted and the plague decimated the population again.

In 1668, the Brandenburg Elector Friedrich Wilhelm took possession of Tempelburg as an unredeemed pledge from Poland. Since then, Tempelburg has remained with Brandenburg-Prussia . In the Treaty of Wehlau in 1657 the King of Poland had given him the Starostei Draheim with Tempelburg as a pledge of the costs for recruiting soldiers . In a renewed city fire in 1725 numerous houses, the two churches and the town hall were destroyed. While the new construction of the Protestant church began a year later, the city council refused to rebuild the Catholic church as well. This was only built in 1753. When Tempelburg fell victim to the flames again in 1765, the Prussian building director Gilly was commissioned to lead the reconstruction. In the Treaty of Warsaw in 1773, Poland finally renounced the redemption of the pledged Starostei Draheim. In 1787 and 1788, the Dratzigsee was lowered by more than a meter to expand agricultural land.

  • City Church

  • Altar and pulpit of the town church

After the reorganization of Europe by the Congress of Vienna , Prussia also reorganized its territorial administration. In 1818 Tempelburg was incorporated into the Neustettin district of the Pomeranian province , but although the largest city in the district with 2,316 inhabitants, it was not the seat of the district administration. In 1829, the construction of the Protestant Kreuzkirche began according to plans by Karl Friedrich Schinkel . When work on the Ruhnow – Neustettin railway began in 1877, the Tempelburg city council refused to provide land for the train station. The railway line was passed south of the city and the train station was built three kilometers from the city. As a result, the industrialization wave of the late 19th century passed the city and Tempelburg remained an arable town.

After the First World War , the city expanded to the north and south, which also provided a connection to the train station. In 1939 Tempelburg had 5,275 inhabitants.

Until 1945 Tempelburg belonged to the district of Neustettin in the province of Pomerania , which until 1938 belonged to the administrative district of Köslin , then to the administrative district of Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia .

During the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the city , which was evacuated at the end of February 1945 , on March 2, 1945, and a little later placed it under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . In the period that followed, this temple castle was renamed Czaplinek , drove out the residents who had partly returned and settled Poles in their place .

Demographics

Population development until 1945
year population Remarks
1740 1766
1782 1376 , including 24 Jews
1794 1624 no jews
1799 1603
1812 2108 including 61 Catholics and 44 Jews
1816 2040 including 24 Catholics and 60 Jews
1831 2875 96 Catholics and 112 Jews
1843 3368 including 101 Catholics and 194 Jews
1852 3698 including 100 Catholics and 160 Jews
1861 4049 including 133 Catholics and 168 Jews
1875 4381
1880 4747
1890 4533 118 Catholics and 151 Jews thereof
1905 4377 including 108 Catholics and 79 Jews
1925 4495 thereof 4016 Evangelicals, 196 Catholics and 61 Jews
1933 4744
1939 5288
Number of inhabitants after the Second World War
year Residents Remarks
2004 6969
2016 7155

Town twinning

There has been a town partnership with Bad Schwartau (Ostholstein) since May 16, 1993 and since 2002 with the West Pomeranian town of Grimmen .

economy

Kabel-Technik-Polska (KTP) has developed into one of the largest employers in the region . In 2012 KTP employed around 1,700 people. The production profile primarily includes cable assembly for the automotive industry and European rail vehicle construction. The KTP was sold for the first time in mid-2014 and has been owned by various investors for only short periods of time. What is striking is the extraordinarily high fluctuation of people in management positions.

traffic

The two long-distance roads DK20 and DW163 from Stargard to Danzig and from Kołobrzeg (Kolberg) to Wałcz (Deutsch Krone) intersect in the city . Just outside in the south is the Chojnice – Runowo Pomorskie railway station .

sons and daughters of the town

Gmina Czaplinek

The urban and rural community of Czaplinek has almost 12,000 inhabitants and covers an area of ​​365 km². It is located on the eastern edge of the Powiat Drawski and borders in the southeast on the Greater Poland Voivodeship .

The Gmina Czaplinek is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Community structure

The Gmina Czaplinek is an urban-and-rural municipality. Belong to her

  • the town:
    • Czaplinek (temple castle)

Community partnerships

Gmina Czaplinek has a partnership with Grimmen (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), Lychen (Brandenburg), Marlow (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) and Ratekau (Schleswig-Holstein).

literature

  • Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, pp. 506–509 ( full text )
  • Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2: Description of the court district of the Royal. State colleges in Cößlin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Stettin 1784, pp. 694-707.

Web links

Commons : Czaplinek  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ Meyer's travel book The German Baltic Sea Coast , Part II: Rügen and the Pomeranian Baltic Sea Coast with its hinterland , 2nd edition, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1924.
  3. ^ Georg Wilhelm von Raumer : The Neumark Brandenburg in the year 1337 or Margrave Ludwig's the elder Neumärkisches Landbuch from this time . Berlin 1837, p. 45 .
  4. ^ Karl Kletke : Regesta Historiae Neomarchicae . Part I, Berlin 1867, pp. 44-45 .
  5. ↑ Heinz Duchhardt , Bogdan Wachowiak : To the sovereignty of the Duchy of Prussia. The Treaty of Wehlau 1657 . Hahn, Hannover 1998, ISBN 978-3-88304-125-4 , p. 17
  6. ^ A b c d e f g h i Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, p. 508
  7. ^ A b Johann Ernst Fabri : Geography for all classes . Part I, Volume 4, Leipzig 1793, p. 511
  8. ↑ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. neustettin.html # ew39nstttempel. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  9. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 19, Leipzig / Vienna 1909, p. 403 .
  10. ↑ Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The city of Tempelburg in the former Neustettin district in Pomerania (2011)
  11. ↑ Sołectwa at czaplinek.bip.net.pl.