Siemczyno

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Siemczyno
Siemczyno does not have a coat of arms
Siemczyno (Poland)
Siemczyno
Siemczyno
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : West Pomerania
Powiat : Drawsko Pomorskie
Gmina : Czaplinek
Geographic location : 53 ° 33 '  N , 16 ° 8'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 33 '28 "  N , 16 ° 7' 54"  E
Height : 147 m npm
Residents : 430
Postal code : 78-550 / 78-551
Telephone code : (+48) 94
License plate : ZDR
Economy and Transport
Street : DK 20 : Stargard - Złocieniec ↔ Czaplinek - Gdynia
Cieszyno - Piaseczno → Siemczyno
Rail route : PKP line 210: Chojnice – Runowo Pomorskie railway line .
Railway station: Żelisławie Pom.
Next international airport : Szczecin-Gollnow



Siemczyno (German Heinrichsdorf ) is a village in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It belongs to the Gmina Czaplinek ( city ​​and rural community Tempelburg ) in the Powiat Drawski ( Dramburger Kreis ).

Geographical location and transport links

The village is located in Western Pomerania on an isthmus between Jezioro Wilczkowo ( Lake Völzkow ) in the west and a branch of the Jezioro Drawsko ( Lake Dratzig ) in the east.

State road 20 runs through the village from Złocieniec (Falkenburg) in the west to Czaplinek (Tempelburg) in the east. The street is part of the former German Reichsstraße 158 . About three kilometers to the north is the village of Piaseczno (Blumenwerder) .

Until 1945 there was a railway station "Heinrichsdorf (Pom.)" On the Reichsbahn line from Konitz in West Prussia to Ruhnow in Pomerania , which was south of the town outside of the municipality. The station is now called " Żelisławie Pomorskie " ( Wilhelmshof ) on the Chojnice – Runowo Pomorskie line of the Polish State Railways .

history

In the Middle Ages, the village was located in a controversial border area between Pomerania , Poland and Brandenburg , which belonged to the Order of St. John until the beginning of the 15th century and most of which came to Poland as Starostei Draheim in 1438 . Heinrichsdorf was, along with Neu Wuhrow, about eleven kilometers further north, the only rural old settlement in this area that was already mentioned at the end of the Johanniter rule. Furthermore, the village appeared as Heinersdorff in a document supposedly from 1251, which is recognized as a forgery of the Order of St. John from around 1500. The village jug is said to date from 1400.

Heinrichsdorf was divided between the Starostei and the von der Goltz family :

Heinrichsdorf is mentioned in the income registers ("Lustrationen") of the Starostei Draheim from 1565 and 1628/1632. After that, the starosts in each village were subordinate to nine farmers, whose taxes are listed in detail. The Starostei Draheim came under the pledge of Brandenburg-Prussia in 1668 , with the first partition of Poland in 1772 then finally to Prussia. Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemanns Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. The Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania from 1784 names twelve households ("fireplaces"), namely one free school , one free juggler and ten half farmers for the royal share of Heinrichsdorf, which was one of the "Starostendörfern" of the Draheim office .

The von der Goltz aristocratic family , who owned the other part of Heinrichsdorf, had one of their headquarters here on their manor from 1554. Until 1772, their rule Warlang-Heinrichsdorf formed a small exclave belonging to Poland between Neumark in the west and Starostei Draheim in the east. On a map of Starostei Draheim taken in 1711 for Brandenburg-Prussia, Heinrichsdorf is accordingly shown as “Pohlnisches Territory” . From 1772 this part of Heinrichsdorf belonged to the Deutsch-Krone district in West Prussia .

In 1816 Heinrichsdorf was incorporated into the Neustettin district of the Prussian province of Pomerania .

In 1796 the Heinrichsdorf manor was sold to Heinrich August von Arnim , in whose family it remained until 1895. In the 1890s, an area of ​​952 hectares was partitioned off on which 20 pension assets were created. After various brief owners, the manor was acquired in 1907 by Hartwig Freiherr von Bredow , who died in 1927. His wife Mascha continued to run the farm and had to flee from the advancing Red Army in early March 1945.

Until 1945 Heinrichsdorf formed a rural community in the Neustettin district in the Prussian province of Pomerania . In addition to Heinrichsdorf, there were the residential areas Bergten , Forsthaus Polenheide and Heinrichsdorfer Ziegelei . In Heinrichsdorf there were 607 inhabitants in 1925, 534 inhabitants in 1933 and 577 inhabitants in 1939.

After the Second World War , Heinrichsdorf, like all of Western Pomerania, came to Poland. The Polish state gave the place the Polish name Siemczyno and settled it with Poland . Today, as a Schulzenamt, it is part of the Gmina Czaplinek ( city ​​and rural community of Tempelburg ) in the Powiat Drawski ( Dramburger Kreis ) in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . 430 people live in Siemczyno today.

lock

Heinrichsdorf Palace around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

The Heinrichsdorf Castle was built from 1723 to 1728 by Henning Bernd von der Goltz († 1734) in the Baroque style on the site of an unrepresentative previous building. In 1796 Heinrich August von Arnim added a wing to it.

During and after the Second World War, the castle was not destroyed, but the owners were expropriated after 1945 without compensation.

The castle served as a Polish village school until the end of the 1980s. In the late 1990s the castle was by members of the Polish business family Andziak from Kolobrzeg ( Kolberg acquired). The first renovation measures on the building and the parks were carried out. The new owners set up a historical exhibition in the basement. Their aim is to revitalize the property as a social and tourist center in Western Pomerania. In 2009, a hotel with around 80 beds was set up in the former stables opposite the castle.

church

Church building

Village church (photo from 2013)

In 1560, after the Reformation , a church was built in Heinrichsdorf. A mausoleum built by the von der Goltz family in 1699 is attached to the church .

Parish

The parishes of Heinrichsdorf, inhabited almost without exception by Evangelicals, with the subsidiary churches in Reppow and Blumenwerder originally belonged to the Evangelical Church in the Kingdom of Poland . Together with five other parishes, it formed the Goltzer Circle in the Greater Poland Synod and was under the Greater Poland consistory in Fraustadt . After Prussia took possession of the Netzedistrikt in 1772, a superintendent with a larger district was formed in place of the Goltzer Kreis .

The Heinrichsdorf parish was transferred to Pomerania by cabinet order of July 11, 1816 . Before 1945 it was incorporated into the Tempelburg church district in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The church patronage was held by the owners of Heinrichsdorf, Reppow and Blumenwerder. In 1941 the Heinrichsdorf parish had 904 parishioners, 625 of whom belonged to the parish village.

A predominantly Catholic population has lived in Siemczyno since 1945 . The place is again the parish seat and with its branch church Rzepowo and Piaseczno now belongs to the deanery Barwice ( Bärwalde ) in the diocese of Köslin-Kolberg of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here now belong to the parish of Koszalin ( Köslin ) with the branch parish in Szczecinek ( Neustettin ) within the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Pastor

The following clergy held office in Heinrichsdorf until 1945:

  • Friedrich Schmieden, around 1560
  • Johannes Grützmacher, around 1593
  • Johann Krüger, 1657–1700
  • Friedrich Scheffler (Schettler), 1700–1733
  • Johann Friedrich Kalisch, 1734–1754
  • Balthasar Samuel Beuthner, 1755–1766
  • Ephraim Bartholomäi, 1766-1810
  • Thank God Daniel Schink
  • Dr. August Wilhelm Zechlin, 1819–1825
  • Karl Friedrich Violet, 1825–1845
  • Rudolf Vollrat August Ideler, 1845–1861
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Lüpke, 1861–1868
  • Ferdinand Friedrich Albert Polykarb Reinhardt, 1866–1881
  • Julius Wilhelm Karl Hilbert, 1882–1885
  • Johannes Winter, 1886–1894
  • Karl August Kock, 1894–1902
  • Gustav Benjamin Gottlieb Goldmann, 1904–1918
  • Fritz Bahr, 1918–1931
  • Martin Wenzel, 1931–1945

A stipulation in Pastor Ephraim Bartholomäi's appointment document from 1766 is noteworthy: According to this, the Sunday service should begin at 10 o'clock “and at 12 o'clock, without exception and special excuse” . The last Protestant pastor was Martin Wenzel, who became a pastor in Kemnitz (near Greifswald) after the expulsion .

Natural monuments

  • At the Völzkowsee near Heinrichsdorf there was a nine meter high juniper , which was entered in the list of natural monuments before 1945.

Personalities: sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Mathias Freiherr von Bredow: A sign of reconciliation. Heinrichsdorf is to become a social center again. In: The Pommersche Zeitung. No. 22/2011, pp. 10-11.
  • Johannes Hinz : Pomerania. Signpost through an unforgettable country. Flechsig-Buchvertrieb, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-439-X , p. 151.
  • Helmut Sieber : Castles and mansions in Pomerania . 3. Edition. Weidlich Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1978, ISBN 3-8035-8012-9 , pp. 121-122.

Web links

Commons : Heinrichsdorf  - Collection of Images

Footnotes

  1. ^ A b Ernst Bahr: Die Starostei Draheim between 1565 and 1632. In: Baltic studies . Volume 57 NF, 1971, ISSN  0067-3099 , p. 33.
  2. ^ Klaus Conrad (arrangement): Pommersches Urkundenbuch . Volume 1. 2nd edition. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne and Vienna 1970, No. 544.
  3. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 731, No. 9.
  4. ↑ Overview map from: Haik Thomas Porada, Michael Lissok: The former Starostei Draheim and the city of Tempelburg. In: Pomerania. Journal of Culture and History. Issue 2/2002, ISSN  0032-4167 , p. 2.
  5. ↑ The card is shown at: Haik Thomas Porada, Michael Lissok: The former Starostei Draheim and the city of Tempelburg. In: Pomerania. Journal of Culture and History. Issue 2/2002, ISSN  0032-4167 , p. 9.
  6. ^ Franz Stelter (arrangement): The district of Neustettin. Holzner Verlag, Würzburg 1972, p. 354.
  7. ^ Community Heinrichsdorf in the information system Pomerania.
  8. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. neustettin.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  9. ^ Haik Thomas Porada, Michael Lissok: The former Starostei Draheim and the city of Tempelburg. In: Pomerania. Journal of Culture and History. Issue 2/2002, ISSN  0032-4167 , p. 8 (with illustration).
  10. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmitt: History of the Deutsch-Croner circle. Thorn 1867, pp. 183-184. ( Online )
  11. ↑ Ernst Müller: The Evangelical Clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . Part 2. Szczecin 1912.
  12. ↑ a b c Wilhelm Rohde: From the history of Protestant parishes. In: Franz Stelter (arrangement): The district of Neustettin. Holzner Verlag, Würzburg 1972, pp. 189–241.
  13. ^ Heinrich Rogge: Natural monuments and mineral resources. In: Franz Stelter (arrangement): The district of Neustettin. Holzner Verlag, Würzburg 1972, pp. 13-16.