Stefan Heym

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Stefan Heym, 1982

Stefan Heym , actually Helmut Flieg (born on April 10, 1913 in Chemnitz ; died on December 16, 2001 in En Bokek , Israel ) was a German writer and one of the most important writers in the GDR . From 1994 to 1995 he was a member of the PDS in the 13th German Bundestag . He was also a US citizen.

Life

youth

Stefan Heym was born with the name "Helmut Flieg" as the son of a Jewish merchant family from Chemnitz. His father was the businessman Daniel Flieg (1880–1935) and his mother Elsa (née Primo; 1892–1968). He became involved early on as an anti-fascist and was expelled from his hometown grammar school in 1931 under pressure from the local National Socialists because of his anti-militarist poem Export Business , which had appeared in the social democratic daily Volksstimme on September 7, 1931 . He passed his matriculation examination at the Heinrich-Schliemann-Gymnasium in Berlin under the then director Paul Hildebrandt and began studying journalism there . After the Reichstag fire in 1933, he fled to Czechoslovakia , where he took the name Stefan Heym.

In 1935 he went to the USA on a scholarship from a Jewish fraternity, where he continued his studies at the University of Chicago , which he completed in 1936 with a master's thesis on Heinrich Heine's Atta Troll . From 1937 to 1939 he was editor-in-chief of the German-language weekly newspaper Deutsches Volksecho in New York , which was close to the Communist Party of the USA . After the newspaper had ceased to appear in November 1939, Heym worked as a freelance writer in the English language. His first novel Hostages , published in 1942, was a great success.

American citizen

From 1943 Heym, now an American citizen, took part in the Second World War. As a member of the Ritchie Boys , a unit for psychological warfare under the command of the emigrant Hans Habe , he followed the Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944 . His main task was to write texts that were intended to influence the soldiers of the Wehrmacht via leaflets, army group newspapers , loudspeaker transmissions and radio broadcasts . After the war, Heym headed the Ruhr Zeitung in Essen and was then editor of the Neue Zeitung in Munich , one of the most important newspapers of the American occupation forces . Because of his pro-Soviet attitude, Heym was reassigned to the United States at the end of 1945. Heym left the army and worked again as a freelance writer in the following years. At the end of 1948 he published his novel The Crusaders in Boston , which Heinrich Eduard Jacob reviewed benevolently for the New York construction on December 24, 1948 , although he mocked that Heym had not gone far enough in his description, while he “only saw his, from the liberators, oh, so 'harassed' Paris and 'his' section of the giant front”. Jacob saw in this the possibility of a “misunderstanding” by noting that Heym was puzzled by this in the sense of a “useful application that is already being made today [1948] of his brilliantly written, widely read and much celebrated book in non-neutral countries and show him how quickly one can be misunderstood. ”Heym did not want to accept that and complained as an emigrant about an emigrant (Jacob) to another emigrant, the editor-in-chief of Aufbau , Manfred George .

Heym left the United States in 1952 at the same time as Charlie Chaplin , Bertolt Brecht and Thomas Mann , left-wing intellectuals and artists who were induced to emigrate in the McCarthy era . He first moved to Prague , from where he moved to the GDR in 1953 .

Return to Germany

In the GDR Heym was initially treated as a returning anti-fascist emigrant. He worked as a freelance writer and also published for newspapers and magazines. Heym made his protest against American warfare in the Korean War clear with a public letter to President Eisenhower in 1953 , combined with the renunciation of his officer's license and the return of the Bronze Star military award he had received in 1945 . From 1953 to 1956, together with Pastor Karl Kleinschmidt , he wrote the column Frankly Said for the Berliner Zeitung . In the first few years of his stay in the GDR, the staunch socialist Heym was quite ready to support the GDR regime with his decidedly socialist novels and stories. Heym's works, which he still wrote in English, were published by List-Verlag. Seven Seas Publishers was a series published by Volk und Welt that published English literature, English and American writers, but not Stefan Heym. The series was edited by Gertrude Heym, Stefan Heym's wife, and achieved a large number of copies in German translation. Stefan Heym was awarded the GDR National Prize for Art and Literature in 1959 .

Resistance to the politics of the SED leadership

Conflicts with the government of the GDR arose as early as 1956 when, despite de-Stalinization , it refused to publish Der Tag X (later title Five Days in June ), Heym's book about the popular uprising of June 17, 1953 . Tensions intensified from 1965 when Erich Honecker attacked Heym during the 11th plenary session of the SED . In the same year Heym was banned from publication. In 1969 Heym was sentenced to a fine for the unauthorized publication of Lassalle in the Federal Republic of Germany . In 1978 Heym traveled to the USA for a few lectures. From the beginning of the 1970s Heym's books appeared again in the GDR, albeit in smaller editions. He now only wrote his works in German.

The background to the cultural-political détente, which Heym had to work again with state-owned publishers from 1971, was obviously a speech by Erich Honecker. A good six months after he came to power in May 1971, Honecker indirectly announced in a speech that the rigid dogmatic literary concept of socialist realism would be relaxed . The address to high SED functionaries of the Central Committee became known under the catchphrase “No taboos”. However, Heym's first publications from 1974 until the end of the GDR were only published by western publishers.

Stefan Heym on November 4, 1989 after the Alexanderplatz demonstration on Alexanderplatz

In 1976 Heym was one of the signatories of the petition with which GDR authors protested against Wolf Biermann's expatriation . In 1979 he was convicted a second time for unauthorized publication in the Federal Republic of Germany - this time because of Collin  - and expelled from the GDR Writers ' Association.

Stefan Heym supported the civil rights movement in the GDR in the 1980s . As early as 1982 he spoke out in favor of German reunification under the auspices of socialism.

Heym gave several speeches during the East Berlin Monday demonstrations during the peaceful revolution in autumn 1989 , including the Alexanderplatz demonstration on November 4, 1989:

“It's as if someone pushed the window open! After all the years of stagnation - intellectual, economic, political; - the years of dullness and foulness, of rubbish of phrases and bureaucratic arbitrariness, of official blindness and deafness. [...] One of them wrote to me - and the man is right: We have overcome our speechlessness in the last few weeks and are now learning to walk upright! "

- Stefan Heym : Demonstration on November 4, 1989

At the end of November 1989 he was co-initiator and signer of the appeal for our country , in which the initiators spoke out against “a reunification or a confederation with the FRG ” and for the preservation of an independent GDR with democratic socialism - in continuation and expansion of the peaceful revolution previously achieved freedoms. After a vote among the initiators, Stefan Heym was persuaded to present this appeal to the public at a press conference on November 28, 1989 in front of 75 domestic and foreign journalists, reading the signatures of the first signatories. The appeal - initially bypassing the ruling government - received around 1.17 million approvals; more than any other petition .

After the fall of the Wall, Heym was accepted back into the GDR Writers' Association in November 1989 and was legally rehabilitated in 1990 .

Political engagement after reunification

Grave of Stefan Heym in the Jewish cemetery in Berlin-Weißensee

In the years after reunification, Heym expressed himself very critically about what he believed to be the disadvantage of East Germans in the course of their integration into the Federal Republic and insisted on a fair socialist alternative to the now all-German capitalism . In 1992 he was one of the founding members of the Justice Committee in Berlin . He hoped that a new party would emerge from this, because “if all the other parties were politically bankrupt, then a new one would have to be created.” His speech at the founding of the committee culminated in the warning:

“[...] if people cannot articulate themselves, then they will set houses on fire. And if you cannot offer them a democratic solution, a left solution, then they will go to the right, will follow fascism again [...] "

- Stefan Heym

In the federal elections in 1994 Heym ran as non-party on the open list of the PDS and won a direct mandate in the constituency Berlin - Prenzlauer Berg . As old-age president , he gave the opening speech to the 13th German Bundestag in November 1994 , at which, in a much-discussed breach of tradition, the members of the CDU / CSU parliamentary group - with the exception of Rita Süssmuth , who was subsequently re-elected President of the Bundestag - because of allegations of cooperation with the Stasi (which later turned out to be unfounded) refused to give the final applause. Contrary to longstanding practice, Heym's speech was not published in the Federal Government's bulletin .

In October 1995 Heym resigned his seat in protest against a planned constitutional amendment in connection with the increase in diets for members of the Bundestag . He is the third oldest member to ever have a seat in a German Bundestag. In 1997 Heym was one of the signatories of the Erfurt Declaration , which called for a red-green alliance with tolerance by the PDS after the 1998 federal election.

Heym died on 16 December 2001 at the Dead Sea in Israel after attending a Heinrich Heine - Symposium in Jerusalem . At first it was said in the first media reports that he had died as a result of an unfortunate fall. Heart failure was later named as the cause of death.

Honors

Stefan Heym was an honorary doctor of the Universities of Bern (since 1990) and Cambridge (since 1991) and an honorary citizen of the city of Chemnitz (since 2001). He received the Heinrich Mann Prize in 1953 , a National Second Class Prize of the GDR in 1959 , a Bambi in 1975, 1982 and 1990 , the Jerusalem Prize in 1993 and the Peace Medal of the International Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War in 2000 .

In 2004 the Adlershof district library in Berlin's Treptow-Köpenick district was renamed the Stefan Heym library .

Since 2008, the city of Chemnitz has been awarding the City of Chemnitz's International Stefan Heym Prize every three years to outstanding authors and publicists "who intervene in social and political debates in order to fight for moral values."

On June 24, 2010, a memorial created by Hartmut Rademann in the form of an open book with a quote “about freedom as a risk” from Stefan Heym's novel Schwarzenberg was inaugurated in the park in front of Schwarzenberg's town hall .

In 2013 numerous events took place in honor of Stefan Heym's 100th birthday. The Rosa Luxemburg Foundation declared 2013 the Stefan Heym year and accompanied many events in honor of Heym.

In April 2013, the Stefan-Heym-Platz was inaugurated in Chemnitz by his widow Inge Heym . The State Museum of Archeology in the former Schocken department store now has this new address.

On November 4, 2014, on the 25th anniversary of his speech at the Alexanderplatz demonstration , a square in Berlin was named after him. The naming of Stefan-Heym-Platz on Frankfurter Allee at the corner of Möllendorfstraße in Berlin-Lichtenberg took place in the presence of the district mayor , many guests of honor and his widow Inge Heym.

Works

Stefan Heym dealt critically with current events in his works - especially when they deal with historical topics. When combined with an exciting plot, many of his works became bestsellers. Many of Heym's works - even decades after his exile - were first written in English and then, mostly by the author himself, translated into German.

  • Nazis in USA An Expose of Hitler's Aims and Agents in the USA . American Committee for Anti-Nazi Literature, New York 1938, DNB 99319463X .
  • Hostages . GP Putnam's Sons, New York 1942, DNB 992457238 .
(Review - with ill. Stefan Heyms - by Robert Pick: Hostages to the Dark Ages . In: The Saturday Review. Of October 24, 1942, p. 20.)
German Title: The Glasenapp case. Novel. Translation from the American provided by the author. Paul List Verlag, Leipzig 1958, DNB 452006260 .
Also in English under the title: The Glasenapp Case . Seven Seas Publishers, Berlin 1962.
German Title: The bitter laurel. Novel of our time . From the American with the assistance of the author by W. v. Grünau. List, Munich / Freiburg i. Br. 1950, DNB 452006112 .
At the same time for the GDR under the title: Crusaders of Today . Paul List, Leipzig 1950, DNB 452006120 .
  • The Eyes of Reason. A novel . Little, Brown and Co., Boston 1951.
German Title: The Eyes of Reason. Novel . Revised translation by Ellen Zunk. Paul List, Leipzig 1955.
  • Goldsborough. A novel . Blue Heron Press, New York 1953.
German Title: Goldsborough. Novel . Translation from the American provided by the author. Paul List, Leipzig 1953. Also under the title: Goldsborough or The Love of Miss Kennedy. Novel . Paul List, Leipzig 1954.
  • The cannibals and other tales . Translation from the American by the author and Ellen Zunk. Paul List, Leipzig 1953.
In the American original: The Cannibals and other Stories . Paul List, Leipzig 1957; also: Seven Seas Publishers, Berlin 1958. (The book could no longer be published in the USA for political reasons.)
  • Research trip into the heart of the German working class. According to reports, 47 Soviet workers . Tribune publishing house and printing works of the FDGB . Berlin 1953.
  • Travel to the land of opportunity. A report . Edited by the Federal Board of the FDGB and the Central Board of the Society for German-Soviet Friendship . Tribüne-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
  • In the head - clean. Writings for the day . Paul List Verlag, Leipzig 1954.
  • Tom Sawyer's great adventure . By Hanus Burger and Stefan Heym. 1956/57 season, issue 1 [theater program], dramaturgy of the theater of the young guard in Halle. Halle / Saale 1956.
  • Frankly. New writings for the day . Volk und Welt publishing house, Berlin 1957.
  • Five candidates . Edited by the agitation committee of the National Front of Democratic Germany . Berlin 1957.
  • The cosmic age. A report . Verlag Tribüne, Berlin 1959.
  • Shadow and light. Stories from a divided country . From the american. Manuscript trans. by Helga Zimnik and by the author. Illustrated by Hanns Georgi. Paul List, Leipzig 1960.
In the American original: Shadows and Lights. Eight short stories . Cassell, London 1963.
  • The papers of Andreas Lenz (2 volumes). Translation by Helga Zimnik reviewed by the author. Paul List Verlag, Leipzig 1963.
The American original published under: The Lenz Papers . Cassell, London 1964.
Also published as an abridged German version under: Lenz or die Freiheit. A novel about Germany . List, Munich 1965.
  • Casimir and Cymbelinchen. Two fairy tales . Children's book publisher Berlin, Berlin 1966.
  • Uncertain Friends. A Biographical Novel . Cassell, London 1969.
German Title: Lassalle . A biographical novel . Translation from the American provided by the author. Bechtle Verlag, Munich a. Esslingen 1969. - First published in the GDR: Neues Leben, Berlin 1974.
  • 5 days in June . C. Bertelsmann, Munich, Gütersloh a. Vienna 1974 - First publication in the GDR: Der Morgen publishing house, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-371-00244-6 .
  • The diatribe or queen against Defoe. Told from the notes of a certain Josiah Creech . Translated from English by the author. With eight collages v. Horst Hussel. Diogenes, Zurich 1970. - First published in the GDR: Reclam, Leipzig 1974.
In the American original under: The Queen against Defoe and other stories . Lawrence Hill, New York et al. Chicago 1974.
  • The King David's Report . Novel . Translated from the American by the author. Kindler, Munich 1972 - First publication in the GDR: Der Morgen publishing house, Berlin 1973.
In the American original under: The King David Report . GP Putnam's Sons, New York 1973.
  • Cymbelinchen or the seriousness of life. Four fairy tales for clever children . C. Bertelsmann, Munich, Gütersloh a. Vienna 1975.
  • The Wachsmuth Syndrome. Short story . Berlin hand press, Berlin (West) 1975.
  • Narratives . Book publisher Der Morgen, Berlin (East), 1975.
  • The right attitude and other narratives . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1976.
  • Erich Hückniesel and the continued Little Red Riding Hood. Fairy tales for clever children . Berlin hand press, Berlin (West) 1977.
  • Collin . C. Bertelsmann, Munich, Gütersloh a. Vienna 1979. - First publication in the GDR: Der Morgen publishing house, Berlin 1990.
  • The little king who had to have a child and other new fairy tales for clever children . Goldmann, Munich 1979 - First published in the GDR: Der Morgen, Berlin 1985.
  • Paths and detours. Disputable writings from five decades . Edited by Peter Mallwitz. C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1980.
  • Ahasver . Novel . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1981. - First publication in the GDR: Der Morgen publishing house, Berlin 1988.
  • Atta troll . Attempt an analysis. Stefan Heym on his 70th birthday on April 10, 1983 . C. Bertelsmann Verlag, Munich 1983.
  • Thinking about Germany. Stefan Heym and Günter Grass discussed on November 21, 1984 in Brussels . Edited by the Goethe Institute . Brussels 1984.
  • Schwarzenberg . Novel . C. Bertelsmann, Munich, Gütersloh a. Vienna 1984. - First publication in the GDR: Der Morgen publishing house, Berlin 1990.
  • Collected stories . Work edition. Goldmann, Munich 1984.
  • Talk to the enemy . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1986. - First published in the GDR: Neues Leben, Berlin 1986.
  • Obituary . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1988 (autobiography) - first published in the GDR: Der Morgen, Berlin 1990.
(Pre-reprint of excerpts in: Der Spiegel , Ed. 33-36 / 1988. Introduced with a review of Memoirs of a Fearful Troublemaker . Author: NN, in: Der Spiegel 33/1988 of August 15, 1988, pp. 94-98; as PDF online .)
  • My cousin, the witch and other fairy tales for clever children . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1989.
  • Built on sand. Seven stories from the immediate past . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1990.
  • Stalin leaves the room. Political journalism . Edited and with an afterword by Heiner Henniger. (Reclam Library Volume 1371). Reclam-Verlag, Leipzig 1990.
  • Interference. Conversations, speeches, essays . Selected and edited by Inge Heym and Heinfried Henniger. With an afterword by Egon Bahr. C. Bertelsmann Verlag, Munich 1990, ISBN 978-3-57008217-1
  • Felt. Thoughts on the newest Germany . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1992. Darin et al. a .: A very special science
  • Radek. Novel . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 1995.
  • The winter of our displeasure. From the records of the OV Diversant . Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag, Munich 1996. (Autobiographical)
  • The women are always gone and other wisdom . Marion von Schröder Verlag, Düsseldorf 1997.
  • Pargfrider . Novel . C. Bertelsmann Verlag, Munich 1998.
  • Stefan Heym. In conversation with Dirk Sager . Ullstein Tb, Berlin 1999 (Extended version from the ZDF television series Witnesses of the Century . First broadcast on March 8, 1987.)
  • The architects . Northwestern University Press, Evanston (Illinois) 2005.
(Created around 1963–1966, the original English text was not published until 2005.)
German Title: The Architects. Novel . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 2000
  • Michael Martens: There are ideas that last for thousands of years. A conversation about the person and the time with Stefan Heym . Boldt, Winsen an der Luhe, Weimar 2001.
  • It's always the men’s fault. Narratives . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 2002.
  • Open words on my own behalf. Talks, speeches, essays 1989–2001 . Selected and ed. by Inge Heym. btb Verlag at Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag, Munich 2003.
  • Stefan Heym. But I went over the border: early poems. Selected and edited by Inge Heym. C. Bertelsmann Verlag, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3570101605 .

Editing

  • Information 1. New prose from the GDR . Bertelsmann, Munich et al. 1974.
  • Information 2. Latest prose from the GDR . Athenaeum, Königstein 1978.
  • The gentle revolution. Prose, poetry, minutes, experience reports, speeches . Ed. Together with Werner Heiduczek. Kiepenheuer, Leipzig 1990.

Translations

  • Mark Twain : King Leopold's self-talk. A defense of his rule in the Congo . Translated and provided with a foreword by Stefan Heym. Grandstand, Berlin 1961.

Film adaptations

Audio books

  • Radio plays:
    • Tom Sawyer's great adventure . Editing together with Hanus Burger after Mark Twain. Long-playing record, 44 min., Litera 8 60 054, VEB Deutsche Schallplatten, Berlin (East) 1962.
    • The King David's Report . Audio CD, 75 minutes. Der Audio Verlag, March 2000, speakers: Christian Redl, Hilmar Thate, Rolf Hoppe u. a., editing and direction: Götz Fritsch , production: Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, ISBN 3-89813-065-7 .
    • Tom Sawyer's great adventure . Editing together with Hanus Burger after Mark Twain. CD, 44 min., Litera junior, BMG Wort, 2000, ISBN 3-89830-171-0 .
    • The Crusaders: The bitter laurel / crusader of today . Director: Walter Adler , production: Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, 4 CDs, 300 min. Random House Audio, March 2004, ISBN 3-89830-678-X .
  • Author readings:
    • Obituary . Abridged reading. Audio CD, 80 min. Random House Audio, May 2002, ISBN 3-89830-374-8 .
    • The architects . Abridged public reading by the author with an introduction by Peter Hutchinson. 2 audio CDs, 100 min. Random House Audio, July 2000, ISBN 3-89830-103-6 .
    • Ahasver . 10 audio CDs, 790 min. Random House Audio, March 2001, ISBN 3-89830-199-0 .
    • Save yourself who can and other stories from the time of the turning point . Audio CD. Eulenspiegel Verlag, March 2000, ISBN 3-359-01032-9 .
    • How it went on with Little Red Riding Hood and other fairy tales for clever children . CD audio. Eulenspiegel Verlag, March 2000, ISBN 3-359-01027-2 .
    • The diatribe or queen against Defoe . 2 audio CDs. Eulenspiegel Verlag, October 2000, ISBN 3-359-01034-5 .
    • The Wachsmuth Syndrome and Saint Catherine . Audio CD. Eulenspiegel Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3-359-01045-0 .
    • The women are always gone and other wisdom . 3 audio CDs. Marion von Schröder Verlag, July 2001.
  • Readings:
    • It's always the men’s fault . Abridged reading, spoken by Gustl Weishappel. 2 audio CDs, 150 min. Random House Audio, March 2003, ISBN 3-89830-531-7 .

literature

  • Otto Ernst: Stefan Heym's examination of fascism, militarism and capitalism: depicted in the characters of his novels . Dissertation . University of Jena, 1965.
  • Kindler Verlag (ed.): Contributions to a biography. A friend's gift for Stefan Heym on his 60th birthday on April 10, 1973 . Kindler, Munich 1973.
  • Walter Dietrich: Word and Truth. Studies on the interpretation of Old Testament texts . Neukirchener Verlag, Neukirchen-Vluyn 1976.
  • Reinhard Zachau: Stefan Heym in America . Ann Arbor, Michigan 1978.
  • Reinhard Zachau: Stefan Heym . Munich 1982.
  • Hans-Peter Ecker: Poetization as Criticism . Tübingen 1987.
  • Thomas Grimm : Stefan Heym In: What remained of the dreams. A balance sheet of the socialist utopia. With a foreword by Heiner Müller . Siedler Verlag , Berlin 1993, pp. 9 - 24, ISBN 3-88680-482-8 .
  • Regina General and Wolfgang Sabath : Stefan Heym . Berlin 1994.
  • Peter Hutchinson: Stefan Heym - dissident for life . Würzburg 1999.
  • Herbert Krämer: A Thirty Years War Against a Book . Tübingen 1999.
  • Anja Reuter: The piety of doubt . Frankfurt am Main et al. 2000.
  • Marc Temme: Myth as Social Criticism. Stefan Heyms "Ahasver" . Berlin 2000.
  • Meg Tait: Taking sides . Oxford et al. 2001.
  • Doris Lindner: Writing for a better Germany . Wurzburg 2002.
  • Hermann Gellermann: Stefan Heym: Judaism and Socialism . Berlin 2002.
  • Peter Hutchinson (Ed.): Stefan Heym: socialist - dissenter - Jew . Oxford et al. 2003.
  • Regina U. Hahn: The democratic dream . Oxford et al. 2003.
  • Wilfried F. Schoeller (Ed.): This strange newspaper. Life after zero hour. A text book from the "Neue Zeitung" . Frankfurt am Main 2005.
  • Foundation Jewish Museum Berlin & Foundation House of the History of the Federal Republic of Germany (Ed.): Home and Exile. Emigration of German Jews after 1933 . Catalog for the exhibition of the same name in the Jewish Museum Berlin . Jewish publishing house in Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-633-54222-1 .
  • Stepanka Neumann: Stefan Heym - man of letters and dissident for life. Biblical Allegory and the Eternal Writer . (Publication series Poetica, writings on literary studies. Volume 105). Publishing house Dr. Kovač, Hamburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8300-4593-9 .
  • Short biography for:  Heym, Stefan . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 1. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .
  • Therese Hörnigk (Ed.): I always got involved. Memories of Stefan Heym . Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-942476-56-0 .

Movies

Web links

Commons : Stefan Heym  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Virtual Center of Persecuted Arts for the Promotion of Democratic Culture .
  2. ↑ 70 of which printed in Stefan Heym: Reden an den Feind , Ed. Peter Mallwitz, Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Mein 1988, ISBN 3-596-29250-6 .
  3. ^ Letter from George to Jacob, January 5, 1949; DLA Marbach a. N.
  4. ^ Stefan Heym obituary , Fischer Verlag Frankfurt am Main 1990, pp. 589-593.
  5. ↑ Quotation from Harald Kleinschmid: "The revenge of the little man". On the cultural and political situation in the GDR in the first half of 1979. In: Germany archive. 12: 673-683 (1979).
  6. ↑ Cf. Stefan Heym: The winter of our displeasure. From the records of the OV  Diversant . Munich 1996, ISBN 3-442-72366-3 .
  7. ↑ Speeches at the Alexanderplatz demonstration: Stefan Heym (12:54 p.m.) , website of the German Historical Museum , accessed on December 31, 2016.
  8. ↑ The call action "For our country". Federal Archives, accessed on November 10, 2014 .
  9. ^ E. Hoh: Colloquium for Reinhard Brühl. In: Potsdam's latest news. October 9, 2004, accessed November 10, 2014.
  10. ↑ Dieter Klein: For an alternative democratic socialism. Discussion position of the working committee on the new formation of the SED as a modern socialist party starting from the base. In: New Germany. December 8, 1989, p. 3.
  11. ^ Call of November 26, 1989 "For our country" - complete text with the first signatories
  12. ↑ hausderdemokratie.de: Call “For our country” - autumn of utopia . ( hausderdemokratie.de [PDF; 1.3 MB ]).
  13. ↑ a b ddr89.de: “For our country” with background information . November 26, 1989 ( ddr89.de ).
  14. ^ A b Gabi Zimmermann: Committee for Justice. In: stefan-heym.de (online publication), authorized by Inge Heym. Retrieved November 11, 2014 .
  15. ↑ Opening speech to the 13th German Bundestag (text format); Opening speech to the 13th German Bundestag (PDF; 767 kB); Opening speech to the 13th German Bundestag (video)
  16. ^ The Parliament ( Memento of November 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ).
  17. ^ World Socialist Web Site
  18. ↑ tagesschau.de Records in the Bundestag ( Memento from September 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  19. ↑ Stefan Heym: Death is not an accident . In: Der Spiegel . January 4, 2002. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
  20. ↑ See special issue of the Stuttgarter Zeitung of November 27, 2006: Archive link ( Memento of November 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.6 MB), p. 8.
  21. ↑ Information on the Stefan Heym Library
  22. ↑ Schwarzenberg honors Stefan Heym - artwork unveiled in the newly designed park at the town hall.
  23. ↑ smac.sachsen.de ( Memento from July 21, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  24. ↑ Stefan-Heym-Platz in Lichtenberg inaugurated. In: Berliner Zeitung . 4th November 2014.
personal data
SURNAME Hey, Stefan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Flieg, Helmut (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH April 10, 1913
PLACE OF BIRTH Chemnitz
DATE OF DEATH December 16, 2001
Place of death En Bokek , Israel