Frankfurter Allee

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B1B5 Frankfurter Allee
coat of arms
Street in Berlin
Frankfurter Allee
Looking west to the Frankfurter Tor , in the background the Berlin TV tower
Basic data
place Berlin
District Friedrichshain , Lichtenberg , Rummelsburg
Created at the beginning of the 18th century
Newly designed between 1950 and 1960
Hist. Names Frankfurter Chaussee, Frankfurter Allee
Connecting roads Karl-Marx-Allee ,
Alt-Friedrichsfelde
Cross streets For selection see course of the road
Places no
Buildings Buildings
use
User groups Road traffic
Road design most recently in the 1990s
Technical specifications
Street length 3600 meters

The Frankfurter Allee is one of the oldest roads of Berlin . It is the extension of Karl-Marx-Allee in the direction of Frankfurt (Oder) , part of the important federal highways 1 (the former Reichsstraße 1 ) and 5 and has a length of 3.6 kilometers.

history

Reconstruction after the Second World War

In 1708, Margrave Albrecht Friedrich von Brandenburg-Schwedt had the road laid out as an army route. From 1824 to 1872 the street was called Frankfurter Chaussee according to the direction from old Berlin to Frankfurt an der Oder. The piece between the then Frankfurter Tor and the border of Berlin (Ringbahn) was renamed Frankfurter Allee on September 20, 1872 as a result of a cabinet order . In 1914 the Lichtenberg section was added. Other eastern sections of the road to Frankfurt (Oder) were later given their own names: Alt-Friedrichsfelde , Alt-Biesdorf , Alt-Kaulsdorf and Alt-Mahlsdorf . Behind today's Berlin city limits, the traffic route in the Brandenburg municipality is called Hoppegarten Berliner Straße.

For Josef Stalin's 70th birthday in 1949, Frankfurter Allee, including the Grosse Frankfurter Strasse to the west, was renamed Stalinallee . In the course of the de-Stalinization in the GDR in 1961 the western part of Stalinallee - from Alexanderplatz to the (new and more eastern) Frankfurter Tor  - was named Karl-Marx-Allee; the part from Frankfurter Tor to Alt-Friedrichsfelde was renamed Frankfurter Allee .

During the Battle of Berlin in April 1945, the street was one of the main routes on which the Red Army advanced into the government district around Wilhelmstrasse and the Reichstag . During these fighting and the preceding air raids , many houses were destroyed on both sides, in addition to numerous apartment buildings, including the machine factory H. F. Eckert (formerly: Frankfurter Allee 136–141), a branch of the Mampe liqueur factory (formerly: Frankfurter Allee 268), a large one Department store on the corner of Möllendorffstrasse and large parts of Lichtenberg train station .

With the work of many rubble women and the use of a rubble train , the ruins could be cleared away at great expense by the mid-1950s. Little by little, new residential buildings were built into the gaps, and street corners were partially redesigned into small green spaces. The section between Frankfurter Tor and Proskauer- / Niederbarnimstraße was rebuilt in the 1950s as part of the GDR grand boulevard Stalinallee .

Location in urban space

Frankfurter Allee, together with Karl-Marx-Allee, is one of the seven radial arterial roads leading north and east that start from the historic center of the city on Alexanderplatz . These are clockwise:

Course of the road

View from Karl-Marx-Allee into Frankfurter Allee with the Frankfurter Tor

Frankfurter Allee begins to the west at Frankfurter Tor. It runs in a straight line eastwards through the districts of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg and Lichtenberg and merges into the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street at the confluence of Rosenfelder Straße . The houses followed the horseshoe numbering in a west-east direction , from the north to the south until 1914, then from the south to the north. The reciprocal numbering has been in effect since 1929.

Important cross streets are

traffic

Frankfurter Allee consists of three, sometimes four lanes in both directions. It is part of the federal highways B 1 and B 5, which run on the same route, and is important for both individual and local public transport .

Transportation

The entire length of Frankfurter Allee is undercut by the U5 underground line . This was opened on December 21, 1930 with the stations Petersburger Strasse (today: Frankfurter Tor ), Samariterstrasse , Frankfurter Allee , Magdalenenstrasse and Lichtenberg . Until 1945 the tram also ran the entire length of the street. Today it is only crossed by the M10 and 21 lines at the Frankfurter Tor underground station and the M13 and 16 lines at the Frankfurter Allee subway station and the Frankfurter Allee station.

The Ringbahn crosses the street on the district border between Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg and Lichtenberg . The Frankfurter Allee S-Bahn station is immediately north of the street. A direct transfer option between S-Bahn and U-Bahn was not realized with the construction of the subway in 1930.

Bicycle traffic

Pop-up cycle path on Frankfurter Allee

One of 17 permanently installed automatic wheel counting stations in Berlin has been located on Frankfurter Allee since 2016. Of all the places in the city with a counting point, the street is the sixth most frequented place by bicycle traffic. On Frankfurter Allee there are some older, red-paved high-side cycle paths. Especially in the area of ​​the subway exits, these led to conflicts between bicycle traffic and pedestrian traffic. In June 2016, the Senate Department for Urban Development and Housing, under the then Senator for Transport, Andreas Geisel (SPD), wanted to examine the right of the three lanes out of town for about one kilometer for bicycle traffic and to limit the speed to 30 km / h in order to get around the city To make the road more bike-friendly and to reduce fine dust pollution. The CDU announced "massive resistance" to the plans, whereupon they were no longer pursued. According to plans by the red-red-green Senate from 2018, a lane was to be converted into a cycle path on the section between Niederbarnimstrasse and Jessnerstrasse . As part of a nationwide pilot trial by the Federal Ministry of Transport , the rule to turn right for cyclists was introduced in April 2019 in nine cities, including five intersections in Berlin . Frankfurter Allee and Gürtelstraße are one of these intersections. There, free right turns from Frankfurter Allee into Gürtelstrasse were permitted.

In May 2020, a pop-up cycle path was set up between Voigt and Proskauer Straße . Around 20 parking spaces were not used for this. It was the tenth of the cycle paths in Berlin that were set up at short notice due to the Covid 19 pandemic .

Buildings

Listed houses and facilities

  • Frankfurter Allee 1–27 and 2–26: Stalinallee Block G based on plans by the architect Hanns Hopp
  • Frankfurter Allee 40: residential and commercial building from 1907, architects Hans Liepe and Oscar Garbe
  • Frankfurter Allee 82–84: residential and commercial buildings from around 1905
  • Frankfurter Allee 96, 151, and 286
  • Frankfurter Allee 100: water pump, is now at number 10 Jessnerstrasse
  • Fischerbrunnen at the corner of Möllendorffstrasse

Other buildings worth mentioning

  • Rathaus-Passage Friedrichshain (No. 35–37) (planned by several architects after the fall of the Wall and built by Bayerische Immobilien AG until 1995),
Quasar commercial building
  • Quasar commercial building based on plans by the Japanese architect Shin Takamatsu on the corner of Voigtstrasse and the Plaza right next to it , built 1991–1994 and 1993–1995,
  • three buildings of the Ring-Center , erected from 1995 (Ringcenter I instead of the earlier Ringbahnhalle , which was west of the Ringbahn)
  • a larger prefabricated building at the address Frankfurter Allee 216.
    It is a multi-storey, elongated office building erected in the GDR era on the south side of Frankfurter Allee immediately west of the Lichtenberg train station area . An administration building next to the former marshalling yard was started here in the 1970s. Because of the yielding subsoil, the elevator shafts that were first built stood for a few years before construction was continued. At the end of the 1980s, the building was ready for occupancy and served as the headquarters of various Reichsbahn offices. After the fall of the Wall, it came into the possession of Deutsche Bahn , which, however, no longer used it. The house stood empty for a few years until the private investors Lutz Lakomski and Arndt Ulrich bought it in 2009. The clients, already successful in the renovation of other buildings throughout Berlin ( former department store on Anton-Saefkow-Platz, former sugar confectionery factory on Konrad-Wolf-Straße), had the wing completely gutted and converted into a residential building for students and single people. The building, called 'Q216', has 438 one-room apartments and has been rented out since autumn 2012.

Stumbling blocks

Several stumbling blocks were laid in Frankfurter Allee (see list of stumbling blocks in Berlin-Friedrichshain ) .

See also

literature

  • Thomas Michael Krüger: Architectural Guide Karl-Marx-Allee & Frankfurter Allee Berlin. Stadtwandel Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-933743-92-3 .
  • Paul Großmann : Local history about Dahlwitz-Hoppegarten , arr. and ed. by Paul Großmann, Berlin-Mahlsdorf, Fritz-Reuter-Straße 6: self-published by the publisher, (15 deliveries between 1931–1934)
    • therein: The Frankfurter Chaussee (Berlin – Frankfurt on the Oder). Berlin-Mahlsdorf, Fritz-Reuter-Strasse 6: self-published, 1933

Web links

Commons : Frankfurter Allee  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 1 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1915, part 3, p. 232. “Frankfurter Allee 1–104, 105–199, houses 1 and 199 on the Ringbahn”.
  2. ↑ change in Nummierung of houses Frankfurter Allee . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1915, supplement III, p. 41. “Today appears: Addressbook 1915, advertisement Vossischen Zeitung No. 638, December 16, 1914 ".
  3. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 1 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1916, part 3, p. 230. "Frankfurter Allee 1–181, 182–365, houses 269 and 94 on the Ringbahn, 95–268 in Lichtenberg".
  4. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 136/137 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1925, part 4, p. 1907. "Lagerplatz and Frankfurter Allee 139–141, owner HF Eckert, machine factory".
  5. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 268 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1925, part 4, p. 1909. “Owner of the Mampe liqueur factory”.
  6. ↑ The destroyed department store on the corner of Frankfurter Allee / Möllendorffstraße can be seen in a large photo at the entrance to the Frankfurter Allee underground station.
  7. ↑ Traffic survey bike counter for Berlin: How many cyclists are there? Retrieved February 5, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Frankfurter Allee should become more bicycle-friendly. Retrieved May 29, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Cycling in Berlin: CDU protests against bike lanes on Frankfurter Allee. Retrieved May 29, 2020 .
  10. ↑ More space for cyclists is also planned on Danziger Straße. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on February 10, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.rbb24.de  
  11. ↑ Green arrow for cyclists: Berlin starts pilot project. April 5, 2019, accessed April 5, 2019 .
  12. ^ Magistrale in Friedrichshain: Frankfurter Allee is also becoming a pop-up cycle path. Retrieved May 29, 2020 .
  13. ↑ Stalinallee Block G, based on plans by the architect Hanns Hopp
  14. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 40: residential and commercial building
  15. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 82–84: residential and commercial buildings
  16. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 96
  17. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 151
  18. ↑ Frankfurter Allee 286
  19. ↑ water pump
  20. ↑ Fishing fountain
  21. ↑ Karoline Beyer: Berlin's largest residential community. In: Berliner Morgenpost . December 23, 2012.

Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ′ 47 "  N , 13 ° 28 ′ 44"  E