Old Friedrichsfelde

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
B1B5 Old Friedrichsfelde
coat of arms
Street in Berlin
Old Friedrichsfelde
Alt-Friedrichsfelde (near Robert-Uhrig-Straße), view in east direction
Basic data
place Berlin
District Friedrichsfelde ,
Created 19th century
Newly designed around 1970
Hist. Names Road to Frankfurt ,
Berliner Strasse ,
Strasse der Befreiung
Connecting roads
Frankfurter Allee ,
Alt-Biesdorf
Cross streets Rosenfelder Strasse,
north-south street Rhinstrasse – Am Tierpark,
Gensinger Strasse,
Märkische Allee
Buildings Gensinger Bridge
use
User groups Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic , public transport
Technical specifications
Street length 2700 meters

The Alt-Friedrichsfelde street is a section of the B 1 and B 5 federal highways in the Lichtenberg district . It runs in a west-east direction and, apart from four house numbers, is entirely in the Berlin-Friedrichsfelde district . On the street and in its surroundings there are testimonies from the first building period in the 18th and 19th centuries as well as entire quarters from the 1970s and 1990s, such as the residential buildings around Rosenfelder Ring or the Gensinger Viertel . The Alt-Friedrichsfelde street and the surrounding areas form the northernmost area of ​​Friedrichsfelde.

location

The sketch shows the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street with the adjacent residential areas.

The street runs south of the Ostbahn with the S-Bahn lines S5, S7 and S75. It begins in the west on Rosenfelder Strasse on the border with the Rummelsburg district as an extension of Frankfurter Allee . The numbering of the houses begins there (house number 1) and ends (house number 127). The Weitlingkiez connects to the southwest and the old village center of Friedrichsfelde to the south. To the north of the street are the two residential quarters, Rosenfelder Ring and Gensinger Viertel , which are separated by Rhinstrasse. Alt-Friedrichsfelde is crossed by the Am Tierpark / Rhinstrasse street and only five streets lead onto it. The eastern end of the street is number 62a and houses a commercial unit. Here, at the confluence of the Märkische Allee behind the railway bridges of the Berlin outer ring , the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street merges into the Alt-Biesdorf street . The extreme northeast of the street with house numbers 63 and 64 belongs to the Marzahn-Hellersdorf district, Marzahn district. This northward branch forms the access to the depot of the Dr. Herrmann Group and to a DHL delivery base .

History of the road

The Alt-Friedrichsfelde road is a section of the long-distance trade and military road between the center of Berlin and the trading cities to the east, which was created in 1708 by the instigation of Margrave Albrecht Friedrich von Brandenburg-Schwedt . Since its destination there is the city of Frankfurt an der Oder , it was named Frankfurter Chaussee . During the Seven Years' War , Russian troops advanced on this road to Berlin and took up quarters with private individuals in Friedrichsfelde for nine days. In the entire area "the Cossacks took everything, even the lines and handles of the church bells ..." and certainly much more. Troops from Napoleon's army under Field Marshal Davoust also set up camp east of Berlin. Among other things, they occupied Friedrichsfelde Castle and caused great damage in the village. A large army show is said to have been held on the Mühlenberg, near today's Friedrichsfelde Ost train station . - Frankfurter Chaussee has already served as a military deployment area several times. At the beginning of the 19th century, a cabinet order determined the name change to Frankfurter Allee . In the last decades of the 19th century, the village of Friedrichsfelde developed particularly strongly on both sides of the street, with long rows of houses and extensive residential complexes being built. The incorporation of larger villages in the area around Berlin in 1920 led to the street name being split up into sections. The section of street described appears on a Berlin map from 1926 under the name Berliner Straße . The name Alt-Friedrichsfelde , which has been valid again since 1992, was given to her for the first time on July 26, 1927.

Because at the end of the Second World War the Red Army was advancing to Berlin from the east, they erected a victory gate over this street immediately after the end of the war (the exact location cannot be identified from the photo in the book 725 Years of Lichtenberg ). The gate spanned the lanes, bore Cyrillic inscriptions both in the arch and on the trailer and was crowned by an order of victory made of sandstone, which rested on a rectangular pedestal with the year 1945.

In 1975 gave East Berlin city administration the road section shown here the name road of liberation , which on 30  anniversary of the liberation , May 8, 1945 to the entry of the troops of the Red Army and the liberation from National Socialism was reminded . After the fall of the Wall in 1992, the street got its historical name Alt-Friedrichsfelde back.

Memorial plaque for Nikolai E. Bersarin

From the end of April to the beginning of May 1945, the first Soviet city command was located in Alt-Friedrichsfelde 1, where Colonel General Nikolai Bersarin was the newly appointed city commandant. A memorial plaque has been commemorating this since the GDR era. At first it was let into the house wall, but was broken out by force in 2005. The district office had the board renewed and inserted into the sidewalk.

Former Lichtenberg coat of arms on the house gable; was plastered over in 2007

Between 1979 and 1984 the East Berlin magistrate had the existing old buildings on the Liberation Road reconstructed and modernized. The first old building on the corner of Rhinstrasse was given a plaster relief on the east gable with the representation of the then valid Lichtenberg coat of arms (see right picture - the coat of arms was plastered over during the renovation in 2006/2007.) Behind the historic houses in the second row and along New residential buildings were built as prefabricated buildings on Rhinstrasse . The road was at the same time appropriate for automobile expanded to six to eight lanes. The busy intersection with Rhinstrasse / Am Tierpark was given a traffic tunnel in 1979, which was renovated from 1995 to 1997. A handicapped accessible bridge was built for pedestrians to safely cross the street approximately at the level of Robert-Uhrig-Straße (indicated between the gray lines on the map).

Individual sections of Alt-Friedrichsfelde

South side of the street

Alt-Friedrichsfelde building ensemble number 18–18b

House number ranges 1–40

The first colonists settled down directly on the street of what was then Frankfurter Chaussee and built numerous houses between 1776 and 1783. The remaining colonist houses have been refurbished and, together with other buildings from the 19th and 20th centuries, form an almost closed roadside development (house numbers 1–3, 9–22).

Former Volkshaus cinema , Alt-Friedrichsfelde 3, courtyard

For the residents of Friedrichsfelde there were two simple cinema buildings from the beginning of the 20th century, one was the Schlosslichtspiele (near the Friedrichsfelde underground station ) and the second was in the courtyard of the Alt-Friedrichsfelde 3 residential building. It was opened in 1928 and was called first after its operator Kino Busch and had 600 seats. From 1943 to 1945 it was the Corso light shows. It was used as the Volkshaus cinema from 1948. Modernization took place in 1990 and the number of seats was reduced to 250, but operations had to be closed in 1992. The building was gutted in 2008/2009 and then demolished in 2017. Today there is a new building with apartments at this point.

Behind the listed former colonist houses and apartment blocks, modernly equipped new buildings were built in the 1970s and 1980s, which are grouped around Paul-Gesche-Straße and Robert-Uhrig-Straße up to the street at the zoo . The department store , kindergarten and some service facilities completed the offerings for the new residents. The old buildings contained numerous small shops or handicraft businesses which, with the exception of a few, had to give up economically from the 1990s.

Building number 22 is an older, unrenovated house that shows a weathered depiction of a painter with a brush and palette on the facade on the second floor.

View of the still unfinished mural in winter 2012/2013

The inner access road created at the intersection with the street Am Tierpark was given the house number ranges Alt-Friedrichsfelde 23–40. The entire building complex also stretches along a piece of Am Tierpark and forms a coherent residential line around 450 meters long. The owner is the solidarity housing association . During the renovation at the beginning of the 21st century, the company was looking for a handsome design and therefore commissioned the artist group Cité Création , Berliner Filiale DekorativeCity, with the design and execution of a large-scale mural . Together with around 1,500 tenants in the respective houses, a natural three-part facade was developed. Part 1 was called Friedrichsfelder Tor and was completed in 2011. Part 2 was the Friedrichsfeld picture town , completed in 2012, and part 3 was named tree houses and will be officially inaugurated on August 22, 2013. The three parts of the mural cover an area of ​​around 22,000 square meters and depict motifs from the flora and fauna in warm tones. At the time of completion, it was the world's largest facade painting and should find its way into the Guinness Book of Records .

Between the street Am Tierpark and the bridge to the Märkische Allee driveway

House number ranges 41–61

Number 60: Stasi building on the right

In the 1960s, fields and meadows still reached the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street with the exception of the immediate confluence with Schloßstraße (today's Am Tierpark street). These areas were kept free for a possible expansion of the zoo to the north. At the beginning of the 1970s, the East Berlin city administration together with the Ministry for State Security of the GDR (MfS) erected a longer six-storey building wing at Alt-Friedrichsfelde 60, which was surrounded and guarded by a wall. After the dissolution of the MfS, the Lichtenberg district office turned it into an educational and administrative center from 1992, in which various areas gradually moved in, such as a vehicle registration office (temporarily), the Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office , the Urban Planning Office School Sports Social, the Social Welfare Office Lichtenberg, the Senate Department for Health and Social Affairs with a sanitary supplies warehouse, the Senate Department for Finances with the overhang management. In 2005, facade renovations were carried out in the complex now known as the administrative center . The Berlin Institute for Schools and Media was also located here until 2006 . After it was merged with the state of Brandenburg and the State Institute for School and Media Berlin-Brandenburg (LISUM) was founded, it is now based in Ludwigsfelde-Struveshof.

In 2009, the Lichtenberg tax office moved from a new building built in the 1990s on Josef-Orlopp-Straße in Lichtenberg to the Alt-Friedrichsfelde building complex, but only stayed there until the end of May 2013. The Berlin University of Applied Sciences for Administration and Justice was opened the site behind it a new building. This educational institution merged in April 2009 with the University of Applied Sciences for Economics to form the Berlin School of Economics and Law and occupies part of the building complex.

Name change of the street

North side of the street from Alt-Biesdorf via the Gensinger Viertel to Rhinstraße

House number ranges 70–86

View out of town,
skyscraper on the left: Gensinger Strasse

An area of ​​around 21,000 m² was completely redeveloped for residential purposes between 1990 and 1998. The office of Gutzeit Beyer Architektur GmbH designed and built blocks of flats and rows of houses with a quarter-circle staggered north-eastern end and apartments for around 5000 people for a group of investors. The center of the Gensinger Quarter, which was named after the street leading through this area (which has existed as a street since 1937), is a small square with dominating high-rise buildings and shopping and service facilities at its eastern end. Some residential buildings built in the 1980s and the building of a typical GDR club restaurant ( Kalinka ) were integrated into the quarter. The former service cube next to the restaurant building is also still preserved and was partially used by the Alt-Friedrichsfelde 70 youth club . From 2010 to 2011, with funding from the Urban Redevelopment East program, a new children's and youth facility was built in the immediate vicinity (address: Gensinger Straße 56 a). When it was officially opened on September 7, 2001, it was named the House of Two Doors . The district office acted as the client and handed over the leisure facility to both the Humanist Association of Germany for the permanent care of 125 children and to the Socialist Youth Association of Germany - Die Falken , which organizes leisure activities for young people. The construction cost 1.2 million euros.

Cog fountain by Nikolaus Bode

After both the Kalinka restaurant and the adjacent shopping facilities from GDR times ( social center , address Alt-Friedrichsfelde 70/71) were completely given up in the late 1990s, the Lichtenberg district office looked for investors for the area for many years. The cog fountain that has existed there since 1982 is to be retained and integrated into a new development area.

In 2014, the project development company Hanseatische Immobilien Treuhand signed a purchase agreement for the entire construction area and worked out a development plan. This provides for the construction of a settlement called Kalinka with 74 single-family houses after the complete demolition of the previous buildings, which began above ground in February 2015 . In order to achieve the greatest possible noise protection against the busy arterial road, the houses are arranged in a sawtooth pattern.

The larger area between the Alt-Friedrichsfelde / Rhinstrasse intersection and the railway facilities to the north is taken up by the Mühlenberg allotment garden (35,000 m²) and the adjacent Friedrichsfelde Old Cemetery (around 40,000 m²). The community cemetery located between the former villages of Friedrichsfelde and Marzahn (on Marzahner Chaussee ) was laid out around 1780 and is completely under monument protection . The burial site houses a chapel, hereditary burials and some valuable wall tombs, for example of the guard fusilier Albert Neumann, who died in 1915 in World War I , with a life-size sandstone figure of a mourner.

The double house located directly at the intersection of Alt-Friedrichsfelde / Rhinstrasse was named Am Mühlenberg on its facade and is reminiscent of the earlier street name on Rhinstrasse. At the same time, it serves as an entrance area for the allotment garden.

Rhinstrasse to Skandinavische Strasse: Rosenfelder-Ring-Quartier

House number ranges 87–127

Restored houses

In the 1920s, a small housing estate ( small apartment buildings ) with regularly laid out streets named Seddiner Strasse, Karlsburgstrasse, Henriettenstrasse, Almatheastrasse (west-east) and Löwenberger Strasse, Friesacker extended behind the urban roadside development to the northern and western railroad tracks Street, Wustrauer Strasse, Dominikanerstrasse , Rhinstrasse (north-south). When the decision to build the new Lichtenberger Brücke was decided and the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street was straightened, the builders lowered the Skandinavische Straße to the level of the buildings south of Frankfurter Allee and established a connection to Weitlingstraße . This created a new driveway for the small housing estate, which has now been demolished and replaced by new buildings in the 1960s. This area to the east of Rosenfelder Straße was given the uniform name Rosenfelder Ring. The approximately 3000 residential units in the up to eleven-story prefabricated buildings were given their own infrastructure with schools, kindergartens, a department store and a polyclinic . The previously existing squares such as Achillesplatz or Vierradener Platz were included in the green surrounding the street or the courtyard areas and disappeared from the city maps. In the late 1990s, almost all buildings were completely renovated, including rear-ventilated facade insulation, new entrance areas, modern heating systems, new windows and house entrance doors.

Alt-Friedrichsfelde neighborhood restaurant

The old tenement houses along the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street could also be renewed and still contain a few handicraft businesses and small restaurants on the ground floor. Worth mentioning here is the Alt-Friedrichsfelde restaurant (house number 98) in a historic building, whose club room (house number 97) serves as the meeting room for the local IG Bau association . In the 1990s, there was a brewery fan shop at the foot of the footbridge . The last remaining villa (house number 115) is used by a law firm, formerly also by the Lichtenberg land surveying office (now at house number 60 in the BVZ).

The Gensinger Viertel and the Rosenfelder Ring Quartier were included in the Urban Redevelopment East project in 2008 because shopping facilities, schools and retail stores are now empty or in urgent need of renovation. They are also not adapted to the changed age structure of the residents.

Art in the street Alt-Friedrichsfelde

Hermes statue
Steel sculpture handelundwandel above the tunnel

On a traffic island at the intersection Am Tierpark / Alt-Friedrichsfelde / Rhinstrasse, the plastic handelundwandel has been located since 2001 , a large ball of blue steel strips by Erika Klagge (* 1953).

traffic

Local public transport

Car-friendly road

At the beginning of the 20th century, when the trams increasingly took over passenger transport in Berlin , line 69 ran through Frankfurter Allee and Alt-Friedrichsfelde, which turned off at Schloßstraße (since 1961: Am Tierpark) in the direction of Karlshorst . Then there was the bus route 37 ( operated as a trolleybus line from 1956–1973 ), then bus route 54, which ran eastwards from Berlin-Lichtenberg station through Alt-Friedrichsfelde. Bus line 8 also ran on a section of the road. With the new construction of the Lichtenberger Brücke and the expansion into a high-speed car road in 1975, all local transport in the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street between Rosenfelder Straße and Am Tierpark disappeared. Alt-Friedrichsfelde is served by bus routes 108 (along its entire length), 192 and 194 (as of 2018). The trams on lines M17, 27 and 37 cross the street and provide a connection to the Friedrichsfelde Ost and Karlshorst S-Bahn stations and the Tierpark underground station .

Bicycle traffic

With completion by summer 2019, the construction of a 30-meter-long protected cycle path was planned on the south side of the Alt-Friedrichsfelde street, in front of the cycle path on Gensinger Street.

Personalities and events in the street

House numbers 1–3

In May 1945, the Soviet city commandant Colonel General Nikolai Bersarin and his staff moved from Karlshorst to the residential buildings in Alt-Friedrichsfelde 1 to 3. When the Friedensfahrt , the three-country long-distance cycle tour in the 1950s to 1980s, planned Berlin as a stage, the route ran often through this street.

Other people such as the first cosmonaut Juri Gagarin or the Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi were also driven here along the protocol route to Berlin city center or to the guest house of the GDR government in Niederschönhausen Castle .

literature

  • The architectural and art monuments of the GDR, Berlin, II . Edited by the Institute for Monument Preservation at Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, pp. 165, 210, 211
  • Suffering and happiness of the villagers. Look into the history of Friedrichsfelde . In: Lichtenberg / Hohenschönhausener , edition 10, 2002, p. 2

Web links

Commons : Alt-Friedrichsfelde (Straße)  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Homepage of the Dr. Herrmann Group (tourism, driving school and others)
  2. ↑ Brief history of Berlin-Friedrichsfelde and Karlshorst for use in school and home ; (P. 15), Leipzig 1917.
  3. ↑ a b c Alt-Berlin plan from 1926. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on July 9, 2020 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.alt-berlin.info
  4. ↑ Frankfurter Allee. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
    Frankfurter Chaussee . In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein
  5. ^ Jürgen Hoffmann: Lichtenberg - Brief history of a Berlin district. Ed. District Office Lichtenberg, 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-043170-8 ; P. 151.
  6. ↑ Liberation Road . In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein
  7. ↑ Nikolai E. Bersarin. In: www.gedenkenafeln-in-berlin.de
  8. ↑ Info from Structurae on the Alt-Friedrichsfelde road tunnel
  9. ^ Construction work on the Alt-Friedrichsfelde tunnel. Press release from the Senate Department for Urban Development from July 24, 2007
  10. ↑ Database on Berlin cinemas with text and four pictures from the Volkshaus
  11. ↑ Brief information about the two unused cinemas in Lichtenberg. Letters to the editor. In: Berliner Zeitung , November 13, 2007: District councilor only shifts responsibility. To: Lichtenberg doesn't want the theater by C. Fuchs (November 7, 2007)
  12. ↑ Solidarity housing cooperative: Well used in the largest mural in the world ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ↑ Facade painting on 22,000 square meters. RBB , August 8, 2013, accessed August 9, 2013 .
  14. ↑ on the construction on Str. Alt-Friedrichsfelde ( Memento from September 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Homepage of Thyssen Krupp Steel.
  15. ↑ Homepage LISUM
  16. ↑ Homepage of the HWR
  17. ↑ On youth work in the Gensinger Kietz. SPD parliamentary group Lichtenberg, January 2009, accessed January 2009 .
  18. ↑ "House of Two Doors" is built. Groundbreaking ceremony for the new youth leisure center / opening planned for September 2011. In: Berliner Woche , June 23, 2010, Local, p. 3
  19. ↑ Details on the House of Two Doors. stadtentwicklung.berlin.de; accessed on January 14, 2013
  20. ↑ Monika Arnold: Has the cog been stranded forever? - Ornamental fountain, part 5 . Article in the Berliner Morgenpost online, published on February 8, 2013; (temporarily switched off since the beginning of March 2015).
  21. ^ "Kalinka": Only the name remains , Berliner Woche , March 11, 2015, p. 9.
  22. ↑ Garden monument cemetery Marzahner Chaussee
  23. ^ Photos of tombs at the Marzahner Chaussee cemetery ( memento from October 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), accessed January 1, 2009.
  24. ^ Information from BVV Lichtenberg on the Friedrichsfelde development area; Retrieved April 21, 2009
  25. ↑ Press release on a walk through the neighborhood by the mayor in 2011. Accessed on January 16, 2016 .
  26. ↑ Drinking fountain. In: Lichtenberg views. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012 ; accessed on July 9, 2020 .
  27. ↑ Cog fountain. In: Sculpture in Berlin. Archived from the original on October 22, 2010 ; accessed on July 9, 2020 .
  28. ↑ Cog fountain. In: Lichtenberg views. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012 ; accessed on July 9, 2020 .
  29. ^ Lichtenberg views: Hermes. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on July 9, 2020 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.lichtenberger-ansichten.de
  30. ↑ Lichtenberger Views: handelundwandel. Archived from the original on August 5, 2012 ; accessed on July 9, 2020 .
  31. ↑ trade and change; Erika Klagge. In: PublicArtWiki. Retrieved March 10, 2013 .
  32. ↑ The trolleybus routes in the eastern city center . Berlin traffic pages
  33. ↑ Peter Neumann: New Senate List: The next bollard cycle paths are to be built here. February 27, 2019, accessed on March 3, 2019 (German).
  34. ↑ A journey through time through the Lichtenberg district . District Office Lichtenberg
  35. ↑ Information board of the Berlin-Friedrichsfelde History Association. Archived from the original on July 23, 2009 ; accessed on July 9, 2020 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '34.7 "  N , 13 ° 31' 8.4"  E