Friedrichsfelde Castle

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Friedrichsfelde Castle
Friedrichsfelde Castle

Friedrichsfelde Castle

Creation time : around 1695
Place: Berlin
Geographical location 52 ° 30 '16 "  N , 13 ° 31' 24"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '16 "  N , 13 ° 31' 24"  E
Friedrichsfelde Palace (Berlin)
Friedrichsfelde Castle

The Friedrichsfelde Palace is in the early classical styled style castle in the Tierpark Berlin in Berlin district Friedrichsfelde .

history

It was built in 1685 as Rosenfelde Castle by the Brandenburg General Naval Director Benjamin Raule . This first five-axis building was probably built according to plans by Johann Arnold Nering in the Dutch country house style. In 1698 Benjamin Raule fell out of favor and was imprisoned and dispossessed. The castle fell to the Prussian King Friedrich I and was renamed Friedrichsfelde.

Early classical ballroom
Frieze above the entrance
The castle in winter

In 1717 the property was transferred to Margrave Albrecht Friedrich von Brandenburg-Schwedt and in 1719 the court architect Martin Heinrich Böhme enlarged it by three axes to the east and west to its current width and provided it with a three-winged baroque staircase made of oak . After his death in 1731, his son Karl inherited the castle. In 1762 the castle came into the hands of Prince Ferdinand of Prussia , a brother of Frederick the Great . Louis Ferdinand of Prussia was born there in 1772 . Prince August Ferdinand had big plans for the castle; It was to become as splendid as Rheinsberg Palace through renovations by Carl von Gontard . However, he made a different decision and moved into Bellevue Palace in 1785 .

The castle was later sold several times: in 1785 to the Duke of Kurland (whose fourth daughter Dorothea von Sagan was born in the castle), in 1799 to the court printer Georg Jakob Decker and in 1800 to the Duchess Katharina von Holstein-Beck , who made it up to inhabited her death in 1811. The facade was redesigned in the early classical style. The castle was given its current shape in 1800. The Duchess held large festivities in the park and in the castle with theater performances, shepherd games and fairgrounds, which the residents of the village of Friedrichsfelde could take part in. After the death of Princess Katharina von Holstein-Beck in 1811, her children, Prince Ivan Ivanovich von Barjatinsky (1767-1825) and Countess Anna Ivanovna von Tolstoy (1772-1825) inherited the castle.

For a few days, Friedrichsfelde Palace served Field Marshal Davout , who was in Napoleon's service, as the headquarters for the campaign of 1807 .

The two heirs also allowed that the fighting on the side of Napoleon's first king of Saxony, Frederick Augustus I , in Friedrichsfelde "quartered" was: From July 1814 to February 1815 he was imprisoned here. The rent was paid from the king's treasury, who also had to pay for his supplies and those of his servants. Court life in Friedrichsfelde also ended with his departure.

Finally, the castle was bought in 1816 by Carl von Treskow , who ran an estate on the property. Julius von Treskow was born in the castle in 1818 . The gardens, which are still recognizable today, were laid out in 1821 by Peter Joseph Lenné . The von Treskow-Friedrichsfelde family's hereditary burial site is located in the castle park, on the site of today's zoo . In 1864 the politician Sigismund von Treskow was born in Friedrichsfelde Palace .

The castle survived the Second World War relatively undamaged. After the expropriation in the course of the land reform, both the building and the surrounding castle park fell into disrepair.

Between 1946 and 1948, Charlotte von Mahlsdorf Palace housed her collection.

When in 1954 the decision was made to set up a separate zoo for East Berlin , the palace served as the headquarters of the organizers for the reconstruction of the garden for several years; Parts of the building were used as stables for the zoo. It was not until the period between 1970 and 1981 that the palace was renovated on the initiative of the Berlin Zoo. The zoo director at the time, Heinrich Dathe , campaigned heavily for the preservation of the castle and prevented plans to demolish it.

Today the castle belongs to the Tierpark Berlin again. In addition to the original staircase and frescoes in the ballroom, visual and applied art from the 18th and 19th centuries can be seen, including a painting by Karl Friedrich Schinkel , numerous portraits of nobility, four rooms with wall coverings (painted fabric wallpapers) and cast iron Furniture and trinkets.

An exhibition on the zoological history of Berlin is planned for the future.

The library, archive and parts of the management of the zoo are to move in here after extensive renovation measures (estimated cost: four million euros). The palace is looked after on a voluntary basis by the support group of Tierpark Berlin and Zoo Berlin e. V., chaired by Thomas Ziolko . The support group also organizes the concerts in the castle, which have been taking place regularly since November 2008.

literature

  • Peter F. Rohrlach, Sibylle Badstübner-Gröger: Friedrichsfelde Palace ( Large Architectural Monuments , Issue No. 495). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1994.
  • F. Maak (Ed.): Brief history of Berlin-Friedrichsfelde and Karlshorst for use in school and home. Leipzig 1917 (in a newspaper article from October 2002 as a summary).
  • Museum Pedagogical Service Berlin (Ed.): Garden plan - Tierpark and Friedrichsfelde Palace. Berlin 1998.
  • Stadtmuseum Berlin Foundation (ed.): From pleasure palace to museum palace. Friedrichsfelde Palace and its checkered history. Berlin 2002.
  • Folkwin Wendland: Berlin's gardens and parks from the founding of the city to the end of the nineteenth century (The classic Berlin). Propylaeen, Berlin 1979, ISBN 3-549-06645-7 , pp. 321-337.
  • Clemens Alexander Wimmer: Parks and Gardens in Berlin and Potsdam. Ed. Senator for Urban Development and Environmental Protection, Section III - Garden Monument Preservation. 3. Edition. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-87584-267-7 , p. 151 f.
  • Ernst Wipprecht: Friedrichsfelde Palace - A fate between demolition and construction to a museum palace. In: Yearbook Stiftung Stadtmuseum Berlin 5. 1999, pp. 178–294.
  • Klaus-Dieter Stefan (Ed.): Friedrichsfelde - The place. The lock. The history. Hendrik Bäßler Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-930388-91-2 .

Web links

Commons : Schloss Friedrichsfelde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berlin Handbook. FAB Verlag, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-927551-27-9 , p. 1027.