Office Zehden

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Zehden Monastery - Churfürstenhaus (former west wing - east side), today a hotel and restaurant

The Office Zehden was the time of forming a nationwide splendid Office of the Sub Principality of Brandenburg-Küstrin , later Electoral brandenburg and then Royal Prussian Domänenamt. It was formed in 1555 mainly from the secularized goods of the Cistercian convent Zehden (today Cedynia , Powiat Gryfiński , West Pomeranian Voivodeship ). From 1628 to 1640 it was pledged to Adam von Schwarzenberg, who expanded the office through acquisitions. In 1811 the Zehden office was temporarily closed and the police and domain administration was transferred to the Johanniter Ordensamt in Grüneberg, which was drafted in 1811. In 1834 the Zehden Office was re-established as the Zehden Rent Office, but the Grüneberg Office was dissolved. In 1839 the administration of the office and treasury of the office Butterfelde was transferred to the Zehden office , which however remained formally independent. In 1875 the (rent) office in Zehden was finally dissolved.

prehistory

With the final abolition of the Zehden Monastery in 1555, the Zehden Office was formed from the former monastery property. The new Office 1555 Zehden received not only the property of the monastery Zehden to manage, but also the possession of the former Augustinian Hermits monastery Konigsberg in Neumark and two points of Neumark villages of 1533/4 secularised monastery Chorin .

Zehden Monastery

The year of foundation and the founders of the Zehden Monastery are not exactly known. The year of origin can be narrowed down to the period from 1250 to 1278, most likely around / after 1270, when the Brandenburg margraves acquired the state of Königsberg from the Bishop of Brandenburg in exchange for the state of Löwenberg . The sons of the Brandenburg margrave Otto III. , Otto V. "the Tall One" and Albrecht III. supposed. The monastery buildings stood on the monastery mountain, east of the city of Zehden. Only small remains of the buildings are left today, the basement of the west wing of the cloister (now integrated into a hotel) and remains of the west, north and south walls of the monastery church. In the course of history the monastery acquired a considerable amount of land. In 1433 part of the monastery went up in flames when the Hussites invaded; the destruction was repaired again. The monastery was closed until 1555 at the latest and converted into a Protestant women's monastery. The property of the monastery was confiscated by the then Brandenburg (co-) margrave Johann von Küstrin and converted into a sovereign office. Already in 1540 or 1545 he had the monastery administered by an administrator. The history of the monastery ended with the transfer of the monastery property by the nuns to the prince of the Brandenburg sub-principality of Brandenburg-Küstrin Johann von Küstrin in 1555. The ownership of the monastery became the core of a sovereign office, ie the Zehden office.

Augustinian Hermit Monastery in Koenigsberg in Neumark

In 1290, Bishop Jaromar von Kammin allowed the Augustinian hermits to set up an Augustinian hermit monastery in Königsberg in Neumark . The monastery church was on the corner of ul. Klasztorna and ul. malaeska (Kloster- / Malerstrasse) in the eastern part of the old town of Koenigsberg. The construction work on the monastery buildings, especially the monastery church, probably dragged on until the middle of the 14th century, as numerous letters of indulgence in favor of the monastery from this time indicate. The church was badly damaged in World War II, rebuilt 1959–65 and has been a Catholic parish church ever since. In 1536 most of the monks apparently left the monastery and in 1539 it was empty except for two monks. In 1539 Johann von Küstrin lent the goods of the monastery, the monastery complex and the villages of Reichenfelde and Wedell to the Hofrat Dr. Albrecht Malsow as a man fief. In 1551 this fief came to his son Albrecht Malsow jr. Presumably after his death in 1557, the fiefdom came back to the sovereign Johann von Küstrin as a settled fiefdom. He donated the monastery buildings to the city of Königsberg, and transferred the two places Reichenfelde and Wedell to the Zehden office.

Chorin Monastery

The very large holdings of the Cistercian monastery Chorin , founded in 1255, were mainly in Barnim and Uckermark . In Neumark, which fell to Johann von Küstrin and his partial principality Brandenburg-Küstrin when the Mark Brandenburg was divided, there were only two monastery villages Jädickendorf and Woltersdorf. After the secularization of the Chorin monastery in 1542/3, these villages came to the Zehden office. Since the monastery here only had partial ownership, Johann von Küstrin exchanged the office share in Woltersdorf for the noble share in Jädickendorf, so that Jädickendorf was now in full possession of the office, while Woltersdorf passed completely into noble ownership. Woltersdorf came to the Butterfelde office in 1738.

Office Zehden

The building complex was shared by the sovereign office and the women's monastery from 1555. In 1611 the women's monastery was abolished and its building also took possession of the office. From 1628 to 1640 the Zehden office was pledged to Adam von Schwarzenberg , who expanded the office through acquisitions. In the Thirty Years War (1637), Swedish troops destroyed the monastery buildings; the monastery church survived the attack largely unscathed. In 1641 the west wing of the enclosure was converted into an electoral hunting lodge. The monastery church was converted into a castle church. In 1699 a fire caused severe damage, including a. the monastery church burned down and remained in ruins. From 1706 it was sold on a long lease. In the Prussian authority structure, the Amt Zehden belonged to the Kurmärkischen War and Domain Chamber with seat in Berlin until 1801 , later to the Neumärkischen War and Domain Chamber with seat in Küstrin. In 1811 the Zehden office was dissolved and the police and domain administration was transferred to the Grünberg Ordensamt, which was drafted in 1811 (from 1811 the Grüneberg Domain Office or the Grüneberg Office), and large parts of the official property were sold.

Associated places (around 1805)

According to Bratring, the following towns and houses belonged to the Zehden office around 1805. They are listed in the overview 1820 (status 1818) under the office of Grüneberg.

  • Altenkirchen, today Łukowice . The place belonged to the original property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Altküstrinchen, today Stary Kostrzynek . The place belonged to the property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Old Lietzegöricke ( village ), today Stare Łysogórki . In 1587, Elector Johann Georg bought half of Lietzegöricke for office, and in 1592 also the other half.
  • Altrüdnitz ( village ), today Stara Rudnica . The place belonged to the original property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Dölzig, today Dolsko . The place belonged to the property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Dölziger Hammer , the bailiff Wilde there, was an iron hammer until 1709
  • Dölziger cutting mill .
  • Eichhorner Mühle, today Turwiniec . In 1555 the Cistercians obtained three Wispel mill leases from the Eichhorn mill. What happened to this levy is unclear. Eichhorn or the Eichhorner Mühle is owned by the Grueneberg Order Office in 1665.
  • Gellen, today Jelenin . The place belonged to the property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Großmantel ( village ), today Mętno . The place belonged to the property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Großwubiser, today Nowe Objezierze . The place belonged to the original property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Mutton stall , Vorwerk, near the village of Groß Wubiser
  • Jädickendorf ( village and administrative suburb ), today Godków . In the 13th century, the Lehnin monastery owned property, which it gave to the daughter monastery Chorin monastery. In the 14th century, von Mörner acquired ownership shares here. However, there was constant dispute with the Chorin Monastery, which lasted until the monastery was secularized in 1542. Elector Georg exchanged the electoral share in Woltersdorf in 1572 and was thus able to acquire the entire village for the office.
  • Klemzow. today Klępicz . Here half of the village belonged to the office.
  • Latzkow watermill Ladkowo , near Groß Wubiser, on the Schlibbach, no longer exists
  • New barn near Dölzig ( Vorwerk ), located at Dölziger Hammer
  • Down. Osinów Dolny The place belonged to the property of the monastery Zehden.
  • Reichenfelde ( village ), today Garnowo . The village was originally owned by the Augustinian Hermit Monastery of Königsberg. In 1685, Elector Friedrich Wilhelm sold the village of Reichenfelde, which at that time belonged to the Zehden office, to his wife Dorothea , Duchess of Braunschweig and Lüneburg, born princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, who incorporated it into the Schwedt office .
  • Schluckup ( Vorwerk ), part of Groß Wubiser / Nowe Objezierze.
  • Wedel ( village and Vorwerk ), today Czartoryja , proportionally. The property originally belonged to the Augustinian Hermit Monastery in Königsberg.
  • Wrechow ( village and Vorwerk ). Orzechów Here half of the village and an outer works belonged to the office. In 1640 the office had a farm with 16 hooves, four farmers with 15 hooves and six kossas. The other half belonged to the Grueneberg Order Office .
  • Zachow ( village and administrative suburb ), today Czachów . The Zehden monastery already owned a considerable share of 19½ hooves here. In 1716 King Frederick I bought the noble share of the property, so that the office was now fully owned by the village.
  • Zckerick. Siekierki . With the rest of the property of the Zehden monastery came a cash rent of 40 florins and an annual donation of eight or nine chickens from Zehden to the monastery. The village belonged to the Johanniter Ordensamt Grüneberg. It is unclear when the levy was sold or replaced, because the ownership is no longer mentioned later.
  • Zehden ( Amtssitzvorwerk ), located next to the town

Rent Office Zehden (1840)

In 1834 a new Zehden Rent Office was created from the districts of Grüneberg and Zehden. It had its seat initially in Grüneberg ( Golice ), from 1836 in Zehden. In 1837 the administrative and cash management of the Butterfelde Office was merged with the Zehden Rent Office . In 1843 the handbook on the royal Prussian court and state said for the year 1843: "The Zehden office and treasury administration of the Butterfelde cathedral has been entrusted at the same time". The Butterfelde domain office was listed in the list of domain offices until at least 1865. Apparently the administration of the two offices had been merged, but the Butterfelde office still existed formally for a while. According to the topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. from 1844 (status 1840), the following places belonged to the Rentamt Zehden:

  • Altenkirchen (Łukowice)
  • Altcüstrinchen (Stary Kostrzynek)
  • Alt Lietzegöricke (Stare Łysogórki)
  • Altreetz , the Vorwerk there belonged to the Butterfelde office
  • Altrüdnitz (Stara Rudnica)
  • Altwustrow
  • Karlsbiese , belonged to the Wriezen office in 1864
  • Karlstein (Radostów)
  • Dölzig (Dolsko)
  • Gellen (Jelenin)
  • Great coat (Mętno)
  • Großwubiser (Nowe Objezierze)
  • Grüneberg ( Golice ). The place was the seat of the Johanniterkomturei Grüneberg and the Ordensamt Grüneberg.
  • Güstebiese ( Gozdowice )
  • Jädickendorf (Godków)
  • Kleinwubiser, today Stare Objezierze . The place still belonged to the Neuenhagen Office in 1805 , then to the Butterfelde Office in 1818.
  • Klemzow (Klępicz), a part.
  • Müggenburg
  • Niederwutzen (Osinów Dolny)
  • Obermühle near Großmantel / Mętno
  • Rüdnitzer Herrenwiese near Altrüdnitz / Stara Rudnica
  • Schawin / Szczawin near Zehden / Cedynia, leasehold farm , no longer exists
  • Schinderkrug at Alt Lietzegöricke / Stare Łysogórki
  • Pig pipe near Altrüdnitz / Stara Rudnica
  • Dürrenselchow, today Żelichów
  • Lower mill near Großmantel / Mętno
  • Wedell / Czartoryja, a share
  • Woltersdorf, today Mirowo , the Vorwerk belonged to the Butterfelde office
  • Wrechow / Orzechów, with a noble share
  • Zachow / Czachów
  • Zckerick / Siekierki
  • Zackericker bridge colony , today customs bridge in the district of zackericker loose of the municipality of Oderaue in the district of Märkisch-Oderland
  • Zehden / Cedynia, Posthof (= former west wing of the enclosure)

In 1875 the Zehden Rent Office was finally closed.

Officials and tenants

  • 1767 Gottlieb Schöpf, councilor, general tenant
  • 1770 Gottlieb Schöpf, councilor, general tenant
  • 1775 Mrs. Louisa Tornarius, widow of the Schöpf, councilor, general tenant
  • 1798/99 Karl Friedrich Bloch, councilor
  • 1800 harvest, bailiff
  • 1801 Lehse, bailiff
  • 1803 Pfeil, Oberamtmann
  • 1804 Pfeil, Oberamtmann
  • 1843 Raabe, ad interim
  • 1845 Raabe, ad interim
  • 1846 to 1865 Traugott Bogisch, † 1866

literature

  • Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/16. XII, 702 pp., Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Corporation, Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (overview of the holdings of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam, part 1, series of publications: Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946 ; 4, p. 479/80.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Third and last volume: Containing the Neumark Brandenburg. VIII, 390 pp., Maurer, Berlin 1809, online in the Google book search.
  • Berthold Schulze: Property and settlement history statistics of the Brandenburg authorities and cities 1540-1800. Supplement to the Brandenburg office map. Individual writings of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin, Volume 7, 190 pp., Im Kommissionsverlag von Gsellius, Berlin, 1935.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Christian Gahlbeck (with the assistance of Blandine Wittkopp ): Zehden (Cedynia). In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann, Klaus Neitmann, Winfried Schich (eds.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century. 2nd volume, pp. 1305-1324, Berlin 2007.
  2. ↑ Michael Wernicke: Königsberg / Neumark (Chojna). In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann, Klaus Neitmann, Winfried Schich (eds.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century. 1. Volume, pp. 676-686, Berlin 2007 ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0
  3. ^ Gertraud Eva Schrage, Christian Gahlbeck: Chorin. In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann, Klaus Neitmann, Winfried Schich (eds.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century. 1. Volume, pp. 329-359, Berlin 2007 ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0
  4. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Third and last volume. Containing the Neumark Brandenburg. VIII, 390 S., Berlin, Maurer, 1809, online in the Google book search
  5. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. 388 S., Berlin, G. Hayn 1820.
  6. ^ Secret State Archives Prussian Cultural Heritage, I. HA GR, Rep. 36, No. 3724 Sale of the village of Reichenfelde in the Zehden office by Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg to his wife Dorothea and the village was incorporated into the Schwedt office in 1685  in the German Digital Library
  7. ↑ a b Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1843. 734 pp., George Decker, Berlin 1843, p. 313.
  8. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. 270 S., Frankfurt a. O., Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, 1844.
  9. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Frankfurt a. O. , publishing house by Gustav Harnecker u. Co., 1867
  10. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin and the Kingdom of Prussia, the high and low colleges, instantzien and expeditions located therein, the same royal. Servants, magistrates, preachers, universities, etc. to the year MDCCLXVII (1767) Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (p. 57)
  11. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin and the Kingdom of Prussia, the high and low colleges, instantzien and expeditions located therein, the same royal. Servants, magistrates, preachers, universities, etc. to the year MDCCLXX (1770) Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (p. 98)
  12. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin and the Kingdom of Prussia, the high and low colleges, instantzien and expeditions located therein, the same royal. Servants, magistrates, preachers, universities, etc. to the year MDCCLXXV (1775) Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek State and University Library Dresden (p. 97)
  13. ↑ Handbook about the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1798. 444 p., With an appendix, 94 p., George Decker, Berlin 1798, p. 63, online in the Google book search.
  14. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1799. 454 pp., Berlin, George Decker, 1799, p. 71, online in the Google book search
  15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1800. 459 p., Plus an appendix with 106 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1800, p. 74
  16. ↑ Handbook about the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1801. 495 p., Plus an appendix with 108 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1801, p. 76, online in the Google book search
  17. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1803. 510 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1803, p. 76.
  18. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1804. with an appendix. George Decker, Berlin 1804, p. 76.
  19. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1845. 803 pp., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1845, p. 311
  20. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1846. 812 pp., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1846, p. 317
  21. ↑ Royal Prussian State Calendar for the year 1865. 840 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1865, p. 408
  22. ^ National newspaper , No. 186, of April 22, 1866, third supplement, family news, page 2. Online at Google Books

Coordinates: 52 ° 52 ′ 42.02 "  N , 14 ° 12 ′ 11.66"  E