Arnold Friedrich Johann Knüpffer

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Arnold Friedrich Johann Knüpffer (* June 24 jul. / 5. July  1777 greg. In Juuru , Estonia ; † October 3 jul. / 15. October  1843 greg. In Kadrina ) one was Baltic German clergyman and explorer of the Estonian language and folklore .

Life

Memorial plaque for AFJ Knüpffer (2nd from right) on the wall of the church of Kadrina

Knüpffer was the son of a pastor and attended the Tallinn Cathedral School from 1787 to 1794 , then studied theology at the University of Jena from 1794 to 1797 . After his return to Estonia he was court master for a few years and from 1800 until his death pastor in Kadrina. From 1817 he was part-time assessor in the Estonian Provincial Consistory . In 1833 he was appointed general superintendent of Estonia, but gave up this position the next year in order to better devote himself to his community.

In 1841 he was elected an honorary member of the Estonian Scholarly Society .

plant

Knüpffer was particularly interested in Estonian folk poetry and collected folk songs. He published some of them in Rosenplanter's contributions , others included Alexander Heinrich Neus in his folk song collection. Knüpffer first mentioned the legendary hero Kalevipoeg in a footnote to a dictionary in Rosenplanter's contributions in 1817 and was thus one of the pioneers of the later Estonian national epic by Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald .

Knüpffer also wrote edifying works in Estonian and studied the Estonian language. In this field he was the first to use the German-Latin grammar scheme, which was used in the earlier Estonian grammars of Heinrich Stahell (1637), Johann Gutslaff (1648), Heinrich Göseken (1660), Johann Hornung (1693), Anton thor Helle ( 1732) and August Wilhelm Hupel (1780) still prevailed, left and in 1817 pleaded for an orientation towards Finnish, as it was actually done in 1843 with the grammar of Eduard Ahrens . He also provided the preparatory work for Hugo Richard Paucker's book Ehstlands Geistlichkeit in an orderly time and order (1849).

bibliography

  • Jutlus Eestima Tallorahwa ue seädusse kulutamisse jures ('Sermon on the occasion of the proclamation of the new peasant law in Estonia'). Tallinn: Gressel 1817. 16 pp.
  • Remarks on the declension and case forms of the Estonian language . Reval: Gressel 1817. 12 pp.
  • Comments on OW Masing's contribution to the Estonian orthography / from a friend of the Estonian language . Pernau: Marquardt 1826. 34 pp.
  • Contribution to the history of the Ehstland preacher synod . Reval: Gressel 1827. 17 pp.

literature

  • Eduard Laugaste: Mõnda AFJ Knüpfferi folkloristlikust tegevusest, in: Keel ja Kirjandus 7/1977, pp. 416–421.
  • Carola L. Gottzmann, Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg. de Gruyter, Berlin 2011, p. 704 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eesti kirjanike leksikon. Koostanud Oskar Kruus yes Heino Puhvel. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 2000, p. 209.
  2. ↑ Cornelius Hasselblatt : History of Estonian Literature. From the beginning to the present. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter 2006, p. 228.
  3. ↑ Cornelius Hasselblatt: The Estonian particle verb as a loan translation from German. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 1990, pp. 25-26.
personal data
SURNAME Knüpffer, Arnold Friedrich Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Baltic clergyman and linguist
DATE OF BIRTH July 5, 1777
PLACE OF BIRTH Juuru
DATE OF DEATH October 15, 1843
Place of death Kadrina