Old world earfish
Old world earfish | ||||||||||||
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Atherinidae | ||||||||||||
Risso , 1827 |
The old world ear fish (Atherinidae) are small, mostly silvery shiny bony fish that are three to twenty centimeters long. They live in fresh water and on the ocean coasts of the western Indo-Pacific , the Atlantic and the Mediterranean . With the exception of three species that live on the coasts of the western Atlantic from Florida to the coast of Brazil and the Cuban coast , all earfish are inhabitants of the Old World . Old world ear fish eat zooplankton .
features
Old-world ear fishes have two dorsal fins standing apart , the first with two to five hard rays , the second, just like the anal fin , with one hard ray, followed by soft rays. The pectoral fins sit high on the trunk. The top of the head is flattened, the eyes are large, the sloping mouth small. A silvery band along the sides marks the family, a side line organ is missing. The body is often translucent, the scales easily fall off. In English they have the name "Old World Silversides".
Internal system
There are four subfamilies, twelve valid genera and about 60 species. The Atherinomorinae are the sister group of a clade from other subfamilies. Around a hundred species that were previously assigned to the family are now part of the newly created family of the New World earfish (Atherinopsidae).
The extinct genus Hemitrichas † Peters, 1877 , which was widespread from the Eocene to the Miocene, is also placed in the Atherinidae family.
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Earfish (Atherinidae)
- Subfamily Atherinomorinae
- Genus Alepidomus
- Alepidomus evermanni Eigenmann, 1903
- Genus Atherinomorus Fowler, 1903
- Atherinomorus capricornensis Woodland, 1961
- Atherinomorus endrachtensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825
- Atherinomorus insularum Jordan & Evermann, 1903
- Atherinomorus lacunosus Forster, 1801
- Atherinomorus lineatus Günther, 1872
- Atherinomorus regina Seale, 1910
- Atherinomorus stipes Müller & Troschel, 1848
- Atherinomorus vaigiensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825
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Doboatherina Sasaki & Kimura, 2019
- Doboatherina aetholepis (Kimura, Iwatsuki & Yoshino, 2002)
- Doboatherina balabacensis (Seale, 1910)
- Doboatherina bleekeri (Günther 1861)
- Doboatherina duodecimalis (Valenciennes, 1835)
- Doboatherina iwatsukii Sasaki & Kimura, 2019
- Doboatherina magnidentata Sasaki & Kimura, 2019
- Doboatherina salangensis Sasaki & Kimura, 2019
- Doboatherina valenciennei (Bleeker, 1853)
- Doboatherina woodwardi (Jordan & Starks, 1901)
- Doboatherina yoshinoi Sasaki & Kimura, 2019
- Genus Hypoatherina Schultz, 1948
- Hypoatherina barnesi Schultz, 1953
- Hypoatherina gobio (Klunzinger, 1884)
- Hypoatherina golanii Sasaki & Kimura, 2012
- Hypoatherina klunzingeri (Smith, 1965)
- Hypoatherina lunata Sasaki & Kimura, 2012
- Hypoatherina panatela (Jordan & Richardson, 1908)
- Hypoatherina temminckii Bleeker, 1853
- Hypoatherina tropicalis Whitley, 1948
- Hypoatherina tsurugae Jordan & Starks, 1901
- Hypoatherina uisila (Jordan & Seale, 1906)
- undescribed genus
- “Hypoatherina” celebesensis Sasaki & Kimura, 2012
- Genus Teramulus
- Teramulus kieneri Smith, 1965
- Teramulus waterloti Pellegrin, 1932
- Genus Alepidomus
- Subfamily Craterocephalinae
- Hard-headed genus ( Craterocephalus )
- Craterocephalus amniculus Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1990
- Craterocephalus capreoli Rendahl , 1922
- Craterocephalus centralis Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1990
- Craterocephalus cuneiceps Whitley, 1944
- Craterocephalus dalhousiensis Ivantsoff & Glover, 1974
- Craterocephalus eyresii Steindachner, 1883
- Craterocephalus fistularis Crowley, Ivantsoff & Allen, 1995
- Craterocephalus fluviatilis McCulloch, 1912
- Craterocephalus gloveri Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1990
- Craterocephalus helenae Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
- Craterocephalus honoriae Ogilby, 1912
- Craterocephalus kailolae Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
- Craterocephalus lacustris Trewavas, 1940
- Craterocephalus laisapi Larson, Ivantsoff & Crowley, 2005
- Craterocephalus lentiginosus Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
- Craterocephalus marianae Ivantsoff, Crowley & Allen, 1987
- Craterocephalus marjoriae Whitley, 1948
- Craterocephalus mugiloides McCulloch, 1912
- Craterocephalus munroi Crowley & Ivantsoff, 1988
- Craterocephalus nouhuysi Weber, 1910
- Craterocephalus pauciradiatus (Günther, 1861)
- Craterocephalus pimatuae Crowley, Ivantsoff & Allen, 1991
- Craterocephalus randi Nichols & Raven, 1934
- Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum Günther, 1867
- Craterocephalus stramineus Whitley, 1950
- Genus Sashatherina
- Sashatherina giganteus Ivantsoff & Allen, 2011
- Hard-headed genus ( Craterocephalus )
- Subfamily Atherininae
- Genus Atherina Linnaeus, 1758
- Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810
- Atherina breviceps Valenciennes, 1835
- Atherina hepsetus Linnaeus, 1758
- Atherina lopeziana Rossignol & Blache, 1961
- Atherina presbyter Cuvier, 1829
- Genus Atherinason
- Atherinason hepsetoides Richardson, 1843
- Genus Atherinosoma
- Atherinosoma elongata Klunzinger, 1879
- Atherinosoma microstoma Günther, 1861
- Genus Kestratherina
- Kestratherina brevirostris Pavlov, Ivantsoff, Last & Crowley, 1988
- Kestratherina esox Klunzinger, 1872
- Genus Leptatherina
- Leptatherina presbyteroides Richardson, 1843
- Leptatherina wallacei Prince, Ivantsoff & Potter, 1982
- Genus Atherina Linnaeus, 1758
- Subfamily Bleheratherininae
- Genus Bleheratherina
- Bleheratherina pierucciae Aarn & Ivantsoff, 2009
- Genus Bleheratherina
- Subfamily Atherinomorinae
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
- Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish , Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sasaki, D. & Kimura, S. (2019): A new atherinomorine genus Doboatherina (Atheriniformes: Atherinidae) with a review of included species. Ichthyological Research, November 2019.
- ↑ a b Sasaki, D. & Kimura, S. (2014): Taxonomic review of the genus Hypoatherina Schultz 1948 (Atheriniformes: Atherinidae). Ichthyological Research, July 2014, Volume 61, Edition 3, Pages 207–241, DOI: 10.1007 / s10228-014-0391-1
Web links
- Old world earfish on Fishbase.org (English)