Atriplex sphaeromorpha

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Atriplex sphaeromorpha
Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Foxtail family (Amaranthaceae)
Subfamily : Chenopodioideae
Tribe : Atripliceae
Genre : Report ( Atriplex )
Type : Atriplex sphaeromorpha
Scientific name
Atriplex sphaeromorpha
Ilyin

Atriplex sphaeromorpha is a species of the report ( Atriplex ) in the foxtail family(Amaranthaceae). It has an Aralo-Caspian distribution area and hasalso been foundas an adventitious plant in Germany.

description

Vegetative characteristics

Atriplex sphaeromorpha is an annual herbaceous plant . Its upright stalk is strongly branched at a height of up to 50 cm, so that the plant appears spherical ( steppe roller ). The leaves are green on top and densely covered with bladder hairs on the underside and are therefore gray , with a length of up to 4 cm, rhombic leaves and serrated edges.

Inflorescence and flower

Atriplex sphaeromorpha is single sexed ( monoecious ). The flowers are in the axilla of the bracts in protruding clusters of partial inflorescences on the only 0.5 to 1 mm thin, in the upper part almost threadlike inflorescence axis. These thin axes are a distinguishing feature of the Rosen-Melde ( Atriplex rosea ). Male flowers contain four to five bracts ( tepals ) and five stamens . Female flowers, which consist only of the ovary , are encased by two rhombic bracts .

The flowering period extends from July to August.

Fruit and seeds

The vertical fruit is enveloped by the pre-leaves, which are fused to half in the lower third. With a length of 4 to 7 mm, these are rhombic, with entire margins or on both sides with one to three teeth. They usually have small appendages on their back.

There are two types of seeds ( heterocarpy ): red, flat to slightly convex seeds with a diameter of 1.5 to 2 mm and light brown, concave seeds with a diameter of 2.3 to 3 mm.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

Photosynthetic pathway

Atriplex sphaeromorpha is a C 4 plant with a coronal anatomy .

ecology

Atriplex sphaeromorpha is a food plant for the tortoise beetle Cassida berolinensis .

Occurrence

The natural range of Atriplex sphaeromorpha includes central and southern European Russia , Kazakhstan , Uzbekistan , the northern Caucasus region and the Ukraine . This species is therefore only native to the Aralo-Caspian floristic province . The area previously assumed to be much larger is due to confusion with similar species.

It grows in salty steppes and semi-deserts , on the edge of takyr-like salt soils , also on sandy soils and often as a ruderal plant . It can thrive from the lowlands up to an altitude of 1200 meters.

Far from its natural area , this species has also appeared in Germany as an imported adventitious plant : it was found in 1950 in Brandenburg near Dahme on a heap of rubble.

Systematics

Atriplex sphaeromorpha belongs to the C 4 atriplex clade within the genus Atriplex .

The first description of Atriplex sphaeromorpha in 1927 by Modest Mikhailovich Ilyin in Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada SSSR (= Bull. Jard. Bot. Princ. URSS) , Volume 26, p. 414. No synonyms are known for this species name Atriplex sphaeromorpha Iljin .

The specific epithet sphaeromorpha is made up of the Greek word components sphaer - for sphere and morph - for shape, shape and means spherical . The name refers to the steppe Roller - habitus of Atriplex sphaeromorpha .

literature

  • Alexander P. Suchorukow: On the systematics and chorology of the Atriplex species (Chenopodiaceae) occurring in Russia and the neighboring states (within the borders of the former USSR) . In: Annals of the Natural History Museum in Vienna , Series B, 108, 2007, pp. 315 and 374-376. (PDF file; 31.4 MB) (sections description, number of chromosomes, photosynthetic pathway, occurrence, systematics)
  • Alexander P. Suchorukow: Some new and little known taxa from the family Chenopodiaceae in Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean. In: Feddes Repertorium , Volume 118 (3-4), 2007, pp. 73-83. doi : 10.1002 / fedr.200711128 (Occurrence section)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lech Borowiec and Jolanta ?? Więtojańska: Cassidinae of the world - an interactive manual (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.biol.uni.wroc.pl
  2. ^ Pertti Uotila: Chenopodiaceae (pro parte majore) . - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Atriplex sphaeromorpha , 2011. Entry at Euro + Med Plantbase .
  3. ↑ Gudrun Kadereit, Evgeny V. Mavrodiev, Elizabeth H. Zacharias, Alexander P. Sukhorukov: Molecular phylogeny of Atripliceae (Chenopodioideae, Chenopodiaceae): Implications for systematics, biogeography, flower and fruit evolution, and the origin of C4 Photosynthesis , In: American Journal of Botany , Volume 97 (10), 2010, pp. 1664-1687.

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