Auguste Jal

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Auguste Jal , or also known under the pseudonyms Gustave Jal and Gabriel Fictor (born February 4, 1795 as Augustin Jal in Lyon , † May 4, 1873 in Vernon ), was a French art critic and naval historian .

biography

Jal, the son of the commercial agent Pierre Jal, who is based in rue Désirée in Lyon, and his wife Josephine Legavre, completed his school days as an external student at the Lycée impérial de Lyon , which awarded him several awards for his achievements in Latin. From 1811 to 1815 he attended the Naval School in Brest and first returned to Lyon. In the same year he was called in as a cadet with his company to defend Paris . During the reign of the Hundred Days he led troops against the duc d'Angoulême . That is why he was in the course of the second restorationdismiss. He made his way as an unskilled worker, journalist, painter and private teacher, while also turning to literature and art criticism. He wrote about the Musée du Luxembourg , Diderot, and art and philosophy in general. He also paid particular attention to the Salon de Paris from 1819 to 1833.

It is known about his family background that his son Antoine Anatole Jal, who later worked as an architect, was born in 1823.

After the July Revolution , Jal was able to regain a professional footing. In 1830 he was involved in the occupation of Algeria by French troops, but not in the fighting force, but as the official reporter for the government. In 1831 Jal was appointed attaché in the historical section of the Navy Ministry and promoted to official naval historian and in December 1852 to curator of the naval archives. He went on several research trips. So he was in Italy in 1834. In 1841 he visited Greece and Turkey. Jal was also the head of the Paris City Archives, which was completely destroyed by fire during the uprisings of the Paris Commune .

In 1833 Jal Ritter became an officer in the Legion of Honor in 1846 . For his Glossaire nautique , a dictionary for historical and modern expressions in seafaring, he received the Prix ​​Gobert of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres in 1850 , which he received again in 1872 for his book Abraham Duquesne et la marine de son temps .

Jal remained active into old age and published, among other things, the Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire , a comprehensive work with biographies of many historical and contemporary personalities, for which he evaluated the Paris city archive.

Jals autobiography , published by his former colleague, the deputy curator of the Marine Archives and historian Pierre Margry (1818-1894), was published posthumously in 1877 under the title Souvenirs d'un homme de lettres .

Publications (selection)

  • Gustave J **: Mes visites au musée royal du Luxembourg . Ladvocat, Paris, 1818 ( digitized version ).
  • Gustave Jal: L'ombre de Diderot et le bossu du Marais, dialogue critique sur le Salon de 1819 . Coréard, Paris, 1819 ( digitized ).
  • L'artiste et le philosophe. Entretiens critiques sur le salon de 1824 . Ponthieu, Paris 1824 ( digitized version ).
  • Dictionnaire théatral . J.-N. Barba, Paris, 1824 - in collaboration with François-Antoine Harel and Maurice Alhoy ( digitized version ).
  • Resumé de l'histoire du Lyonnais . Paris 1826.
  • Napoleon et la censure . Paris 1826.
  • Esquisses, croquis, pochades, ou tout ce qu'on voudra sur le Salon de 1827 . A. Dupont, Paris, 1828 ( digitized ).
  • Salon de 1831. Ébauches critiques . A.-J. Dénain, Paris 1831 ( digitized ).
  • Scenes de la vie maritime . 3 volumes, Gosselin, Paris 1832.
  • Salon de 1833. les causeries du Louvre . C. Gosselin, Paris 1833.
  • De Paris à Naples . 2 volumes, Allardin, Paris 1836 (digitized volume 1 , volume 2 ).
  • Archeology navale . 2 volumes, Paris 1839
  • Les soirées du gaillard d'arrière . 3 volumes, Paris 1840
  • Documents inédits sur l'histoire de la marine au XVIe siècle . Imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1842 ( digitized ).
  • Mémoire sur les trois couleurs nationales . Paris 1845
  • Glossaire nautique. Répertoire polyglotte de termes de marine anciens et modern . Didot, Paris 1848 ( digitized version ).
  • La flotte de César . Paris 1861 ( digitized ).
  • Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire. Errata et supplément pour tous les dictionnaires historiques d'après des documents authentiques inédits . Plon, Paris 1867 ( digitized version ); 2nd edition Plon, Paris 1872 ( digitized ).
  • Abraham Du Quesne et la marine de son temps . Plon, Paris 1872 ( digitized ).
  • Souvenirs d'un homme de lettres . Léon Techener, Paris 1877 ( digitized version ).

literature

  • Gustave Vapereau : Dictionnaire universel des contemporains . Paris 1880, p. 985 ( digitized version ).
  • Charles Bouvet: Un historiographe de la marine: Augustin Jal (1795–1873) . In: Revue maritime 79, 1926, pp. 20–40.

Web links

Wikisource: Auguste Jal  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Émile Henriot : Courrier littéraire: Jal . Le Temps , May 11, 1937, p. 3 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Excerpt from the Lyon civil status register, birth register , entry from the 24th Germinal year III (April 13th 1795), in the Lyon city archives ( available online on the website of the Archives municipales de Lyon ). NB: According to the entry, the child was born yesterday (April 12, 1795); the name Augustine was given to him.
  3. ^ Lycée de Lyon. Procès-verbal de la distribution des prix… pour la clôture des Classes de l'année 1807, Ballanche père et fils, 1807, pp. 31, 32 ( digitized ).
  4. ^ Gudrun Gersmann, Hubertus Kohlen (Ed.): France 1815-1830: Trauma or Utopia? The Society of Restoration and the Legacy of the Revolution . Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 351-5-05831-1 , p. 172 ( Google Books ).
  5. ↑ Data from Wikidata , accessed September 6, 2018.
  6. ^ L'Univers , obituary on April 13, 1873, p. 3 ( digitized version ).
  7. ↑ Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 1873, p. 461.
  8. ↑ Auguste Jal: Souvenirs d'un homme de lettres (1795-1873) . Léon Techener, Paris 1877.
personal data
SURNAME Jal, Auguste
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fictor, Gabriel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French art critic, biographer and naval historian
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1795
PLACE OF BIRTH Lyon
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1873
Place of death Vernon