Axel de Chapeaurouge

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Charles Axel de Chapeaurouge (born June 20, 1861 in Hamburg , † December 10, 1941 in Hamburg-Blankenese ) was a German doctor, animal breeding scholar and hippologist .

Life

Axel de Chapeaurouge was a son of the businessman and Hamburg Senator Charles Ami de Chapeaurouge (1830-1897). After passing the Abitur examination at the Lauenburg School of Academics in Ratzeburg , he studied medicine at the Universities of Freiburg im Breisgau and Leipzig from 1894 , passed the state examination here in 1890 and received his doctorate in 1891 - still in Leipzig - as a doctor of medicine and surgery (Dr. med . et chir.). He then worked as an assistant doctor, and from 1893 to 1896 a doctor at the Eppendorf and St. Georg hospitals in Hamburg. In addition, he was promoted to assistant doctor 2nd class in the army in 1891, 1st class in the reserve in 1894 and was from 1901 to 1903 assistant doctor 1st class of the Landwehr 2nd contingent (conscripts from 33 years of age). While working in the hospital, he received the Great Commemorative Coin Den Helden in der Not for his exemplary commitment to fighting the cholera epidemic of 1892 .

From January 1897 he worked as a private scholar with questions of the descent and heredity of farm animals, especially horses and cattle. As a lateral entrant, he critically questioned the development of individual breeds and drew new approaches to targeted inbreeding as a breeding method from the lineages of important sires. In doing so, he has reshaped seemingly certain beliefs about the origin of famous breeds and, in contrast to decades of undisputed conviction of the harmfulness of inbreeding, demonstrated its significance when used properly and according to plan (H. Bauer). With such findings he aroused great opposition from animal breeding scientists at the time and noted: Opponents believe that they will refute us if they repeat their opinion and do not pay attention to ours .

Cushion stone for Axel de Chapeaurouge, family grave,
Friedhof Ohlsdorf

Through his publications and conclusions, however, some university professors were encouraged to continue bloodline research and to award dissertations on the development of horse breeds in individual regions. At the same time he prepared the further inbreeding research by Sewall Wright and RA Fisher in the USA. The German Society for Zuchtungskunde (DGfZ) awarded Axel de Chapeaurouge the gold Hermann von Nathusius Medal in 1932 and made him an honorary member for his groundbreaking achievements . He earned further services through advice on the construction and operation of the Hamburg trotting tracks and the patent for a timing device for trotting races from 1899.

Axel de Chapeaurouge still lived in secure economic circumstances after the end of the First World War. Due to inflation, however, his inherited wealth dissolved. In the 1930s, a member of the family arranged for the scientific work (including more than 2,000 letters) to be sold to the German Reich. In return, Axel de Chapeaurouge received a pension for this until his death.

Axel de Chapeaurouge was buried in the Jacques Henri de Chapeaurouge family grave , Ohlsdorf cemetery in Hamburg, grid square Q 25 (north of the water tower ).

Volunteering

  • Member of the horse breeding commission of the Schleswig-Holstein Chamber of Agriculture
  • Adviser to the horse breeding department of the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests

Works (selection)

  • Something about inbreeding and its performance in different breeding areas. Rademacher, Hamburg 1909.
  • About inheritance and selection. [Lecture given on February 24, 1910 at the general meeting of the DGfZ in Berlin]. Schaper, Hannover 1910, DGfZ pamphlet, issue 11
  • The legend of the Galloway cow and its actual position in relation to Shorthorn breeding. DGfZ, Berlin 1912, DGfZ leaflet, issue 20.
  • About the value of the two-year races (Lehndorff versus Oettingen). Rademacher, Hamburg 1918.
  • Pictures from the development of the breeding of the Orlov trotters. Schickhardt & Ebner, Stuttgart 1921 (with 23 horse portraits and 25 family tables), series Our horses H. 52.
  • Stallion lines of the stallions existing in the East Prussian state studs in 1921. On behalf of the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests. A. Reher, Berlin 1922.
  • Stallion lines of the state stallions in the province of Hanover in 1922: On behalf of the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests. A. Reher, Berlin 1922.
  • Stallion lines of the German draft horse of Belgian breed direction. (contains the state stallions and private studbook stallions in the Prussian provinces of Rhineland, Westphalia and Saxony in 1923). A. Reher, Berlin 1924, 2 parts: text and panels.
  • Ancestry Research. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1926.
  • Trotter stallion register and mare lines. Persiehl, Hamburg 1928.

Awards

  • 1892 Large commemorative coin of the Senate of Hamburg : The hero in need
  • 1923 honorary doctorate to Dr. phil. hc by the University of Wroclaw
  • 1930 Golden Medal of the Reich Association for Breeding and Testing of German Warmbloods
  • 1932 Hermann v. Nathusius medal in gold and honorary member of the German Society for Zuchtungskunde ( DGfZ )

literature

  • Theophil Gerber: Personalities from agriculture and forestry, horticulture and veterinary medicine - Biographisches Lexikon-, NORA Berlin, 4th exp. Ed., 2014, p. 118
  • Heinrich Bauer: On the 100th birthday of Axel de Chapeaurouge. In: Zkd., 33, 1961, 423-424
  • Carl Düsterdieck: The north German trotting sport in the mirror of history. http://www.trab-halloffame.de/index.php?doc=media&sub=&pageid=104 - accessed on October 8, 2015
  • Curt Hilbrig: Axel de Chapeaurouge. In: Der Pferdefreund, 4, 1951, H. 9, 255 - 257
  • German Gender Book, Volume 9, Limburg an der Lahn: CA Starke, 1961, p. 148 f.
  • State Archives of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg: Holdings 622-I / 20 and 731-8_A 753: Chapeaurouge, Axel, de

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ancestral list (extract) of the de Chapeaurouge family
  2. ^ Previous holders of the Hermann von Nathusius Medal
  3. ^ Collection of newspaper clippings on the de Chapeaurouge family, Hamburg  in the German Digital Library
personal data
SURNAME Chapeaurouge, Axel de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chapeaurouge, Charles Axel de (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor, animal breeding scholar and hippologist
DATE OF BIRTH June 20, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH December 10, 1941
Place of death Hamburg-Blankenese