Backhousia

Backhousia
	Backhousia citriodora
Systematics
	Eurosiden II
Order :	Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
Family :	Myrtle family (Myrtaceae)
Subfamily :	Myrtoideae
Tribe :	Backhousieae
Genre :	Backhousia
Scientific name
	Backhousia
	Hook. & Harv.

Backhousia is a genus of plants withinthe myrtle family (Myrtaceae). The twelveor so species are originally found only in the Australian states of Queensland , New South Wales and Western Australia . The generic name honors James Backhouse (1794–1869), an English clergyman and botanist who collected plants in Australia.

description

Illustration of Backhousia myrtifolia

Branch with leaves and inflorescences of Backhousia citriodora

Branch with opposite leaves and inflorescence of Backhousia myrtifolia

Buttroot stem of Backhousia sciadophora

Appearance and leaves

Backhousia species grow as evergreen shrubs or trees . They contain essential oils .

The constantly against arranged on the branches leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The leaf veins are clearly visible on the simple leaf blades . There are no stipules .

Inflorescences and flowers

The lateral or terminal inflorescences are structured differently depending on the species. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and usually five, rarely four-fold with a double flower envelope . The five or rarely four free, showy, durable sepals are sometimes petal-like. The five or rarely four free, durable petals are usually smaller than the sepals. The many fertile, free stamens are arranged in several circles. Two carpels are a half under continuous, two-chambered ovary grown. A few ovules are arranged in a U-shape in the central angled placentation . The long style ends in a simple scar.

Fruits and seeds

There are mostly thin-walled closing fruits , rarely fissure fruits , which usually contain only one or two seeds. Sepals and petals can be seen on the fruits. The seeds are flattened ovoid.

Systematics, distribution and endangerment

The genus Backhousia was established in 1845 by William Jackson Hooker and William Henry Harvey in Botanical Magazine , plate 4133. As Lectotypusart in 1956 Backhousia myrtifolia Hook. & Harv. set.

The genus Backhousia belongs to the tribe Backhousieae in the subfamily Myrtoideae within the family of Myrtaceae .

The genus Backhousia occurs with about 13 species in Australia in the states of Queensland (twelve species), New South Wales (four species) and Western Australia (one species). No species is considered threatened.

There have been around 13 types of Backhousia since 2012 :

Backhousia angustifolia F. Muell. : It occurs in Queensland and New South Wales .
Backhousia bancroftii F.M.Bailey & F.Muell. : It only occurs in Queensland.
Backhousia citriodora F. Muell. : It only occurs in Queensland.
Backhousia enata A.J. Ford , Craven & J.Holmes : It is only found in Queensland.
Backhousia gundarara M.D.Barrett, Craven & RLBarrett : It wasfirst describedin 2012 from Western Australia . It has so far only been found in the Kimberley region and is isolated from the range of the other species.
Backhousia hughesii C.T.White : It is only found in Queensland.
Backhousia kingii Guymer : It is only found in Queensland.
Backhousia leptopetala (F.Muell.) MGHarr. : It occurs from southeast Queensland to northeast New South Wales.
Backhousia myrtifolia Hook. & Harv. (Syn .: Acmena kingii G.Don , Backhousia australis G.Benn. , Eugenia riparia Hook. Nom. Inval., Backhousia riparia Hook. ): It occurs in Queensland and New South Wales.
Backhousia oligantha A.R.Bean : It is only found in Queensland.
Backhousia sciadophora F. Muell. : It occurs in Queensland and New South Wales.
Backhousia subargentea (CTWhite) MGHarr. ( Syncarpia subargentea C.T.White , Syncarpia subargentea C.T.White var. Subargentea , Choricarpia subargentea (CTWhite) LASJohnson , Syncarpia subargentea var. Latifolia C.T.White ): It occurs in Queensland and New South Wales.
Backhousia tetraptera Jackes : It was first described from Queensland in 2012.

use

The Backhousia citriodora (English "Lemon Ironwood"), which smells intensely of lemon , is used as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens.

swell

Mark G. Harrington, Betsy R. Jackes, Matthew D. Barrett, Lyn A. Craven, Russell L. Barrett: Phylogenetic revision of Backhousieae (Myrtaceae): Neogene divergence, a revised circumscription of Backhousia and two new species. In: Australian Systematic Botany , Volume 25, Issue 6, December 2012, pp. 404-417. doi : 10.1071 / SB12015

Individual evidence

↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Peter G. Wilson: Entry in the New South Wales Flora Online . _{last accessed on January 22, 2013}
^ Backhousia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 22, 2013.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Entry in Australian Plant Name Index = APNI. _{last accessed on January 22, 2013}
^ Backhousia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 22, 2013.
↑ EPBC Act List of Threatened Flora . _{last accessed on January 22, 2013}
↑ ^a ^b Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Degeneria. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 28, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Backhousia - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

[Burkhardt2018-1] Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]

[NSWFo-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Peter G. Wilson: Entry in the New South Wales Flora Online . _{last accessed on January 22, 2013}

[tropicos-3] Backhousia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 22, 2013.

[APNI-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Entry in Australian Plant Name Index = APNI. _{last accessed on January 22, 2013}

[GRIN-5] Backhousia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

[EPBCredList-6] EPBC Act List of Threatened Flora . _{last accessed on January 22, 2013}

[WCSP-7] Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Degeneria. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 28, 2018.