Bambusa ventricosa
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Bambusa ventricosa in Kew Gardens |
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Bambusa ventricosa is a clump-like bamboo with 8 to 10 meter high stalks. The natural range is in China in the province of Guangdong . A cultivated form with shortened and thickened internodes is usually used as an ornamental plant in pots and is then referred to as "Buddha's belly". The species is not recognized by some botanists and the specimens areassigned tothe species Bambusa tuldoides as a cultivated form. This classification iscontradictedin the Flora of China and reference is made in particular to the differences in the blade sheaths.
description
Bambusa ventricosa forms two forms of stalks : normal stalks are 8 to 10 meters long, have a diameter of 3 to 5 centimeters, are curved at the base and slightly overhanging at the top. The internodes are 20 to 35 centimeters long and slightly thickened at the base, not floured and initially hairless. The nodes near the base of the stalk are white-gray and silky-haired above and below the vaginal scar. The first and second nodes above the ground show short aerial roots . The stalks branch from the third or fourth node. Deeper nodes usually have one to three branches, the branches of which are often transformed into weak thorns . Several or many branches are formed in the middle of the stalk and above, with the three in the middle being thicker and longer.
Deviating from this, mostly only 25 to 50 cm long and 1 to 2 cm thick stalks with shortened internodes and thickened at the base are formed in potted plants. Branches are only formed at the higher lying nodes, which are usually single, do not form thorns and also have shortened and thickened internodes.
The straw sheaths are clearly fluted-striped, glabrous and have an almost symmetrical, broadly arched or almost trimmed tip. They fall off early. The straw-leaf tubes are unequal: the larger auricle is narrow-egg-shaped to egg-shaped-lanceolate and 5 to 6 millimeters long, the smaller auricle is egg-shaped and 3 to 5 millimeters long. The ears have curved eyelashes. The ligule is very short and finely fringed and 0.5 to 1 millimeter long. The blade of the stalk is upright or curved, it is ovate to ovate-lanceolate and has a slightly arched and narrowed base. The leaf sheath is bare, the ligule almost truncated and very short. The auricles are egg-shaped or sickle-shaped and covered with several curved eyelashes. The leaf blade is linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 9 to 18 inches long and 1 to 2 inches wide, glabrous on the upper side and downy hairy on the underside.
The spikelets grow singly or in groups on each node of the inflorescence. They are linear-lanceolate, 3 to 4 inches long and slightly compressed. The bracts are oval, 2.5 to 3 millimeters long, keeled twice and have a blunt tip. Each spikelet has a bud at the base, from which a spikelet can be formed again (the spikelets are therefore also called pseudo spikelets). The one or two bracts of the buds are narrow-egg-shaped, 4 to 5 millimeters long, pointed and form 13 to 15 leaf veins. Six to eight florets are formed per spikelet, the first and second florets at the base and two to three florets near the tip of the spikelet are usually sterile. The segments of the inflorescence axis are flat and 2 to 3 millimeters long. The tip is widened in a dome shape. No glume or one ovate-elliptical, 6.5 to 8 millimeter long glume with a pointed upper end and 15 to 17 leaf veins is formed per spikelet . The lemma is ovate-elliptical, 9 to 11 millimeters long, glabrous and has a pointed end and 19 to 21 leaf veins. The palea is about the same length or slightly shorter than the lemma and ciliate near the tip. Three cavernous bodies about 2 millimeters long, heavily lashed, are formed. The two anterior are slightly asymmetrical, the erectile tissue behind, near the spikelet axis, is broadly elliptical. The stamens are thin, the anthers are about 6 millimeters long, yellow and have a blunt end. The ovary is wide ovoid, 1 to 1.2 millimeters in length, stalked, and has a thickened, hairy tip. The stylus is very hairy and short. The three scars are about 6 millimeters long. Fruits are not described.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 68-70 or 72.
distribution
The natural range of the species is in the Chinese province of Guangdong . It is widely cultivated in southern China.
Systematics
Bambusa ventricosa is a species from the genus Bambusa , which is assigned to the subfamily bamboo (Bambusoideae) and the tribe Bambuseae , Untertribus Bambusinae in the sweet grass family (Poaceae) . It was first described in 1868 by William Munro in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London . A synonym of the species is Leleba ventricosa (McClure) WC Lin.
The species was classified as a cultivated form of Bambusa ventricosa in the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families by the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 2006 , making the name just a synonym for the species Bambusa tuldoides . The "Flora of China" contradicts this classification in 2006 and suspects that the wrongly assigned herbarium material led to this classification. In particular, it points to clear differences in the shape of the stem leaf sheaths between the two species. In the meantime, Kew has also followed this opinion.
use
The species is often used as a pot plant in southern China . Because of the thickened internodes, the bamboo is also known as "Buddha's belly". The thickened stalks only appear randomly, in order to achieve the typical appearance of a “Buddha's belly”, normal stalks are removed before they fully grow. In Central Europe, specimens planted outdoors must be specially protected, as the species can only withstand temperatures below 0 ° Celsius for a short time.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, De-Zhu Li, Chris Stapleton: Bambusa ventricosa In: Flora of China , Volume 22, p. 17.
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ↑ a b Bambusa ventricosa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 4, 2014.
- ↑ Bambusa ventricosa. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved January 4, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Bambusa ventricosa. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 23, 2020.
- ↑ Simon Crouzet, Oliver Colin: Bamboo . Österreichischer Agrarverlag, 2003, ISBN 3-7040-1952-6 , p. 40 .
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 22: Poaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2006, ISBN 1-930723-50-4 , pp. 17 (English).
Web links
- Bambusa ventricosa at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 4, 2015.