Bambusa tuldoides
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Bambusa tuldoides |
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Bambusa tuldoides is a clump-like bamboo with 6 to 10 meter high stalks. The natural range is in China. A cultivated form with shortened and thickened internodes is used as an ornamental plant in gardens.
description
Bambusa tuldoides is a perennial, clump-like bamboo. The rhizomes are short and grow pachymorphic . The stalks have a diameter of 3 to 5 centimeters, reach a height of 6 to 10 meters and hang slightly over near the tip. The internodes are hollow, thick-walled, have lengths of 30 to 36 centimeters and are initially lightly coated in white. The knots are slightly protruding, the first and second knots, counting from the base of the stalk, have rings of gray-white, silky hair above and below the scar. The stalks branch out from the base. Several or many branches are formed per node, with the three in the middle being the largest. The straw sheaths have one to three pale yellow stripes, are convex and bevelled towards the end. They are bald and the tip is bent asymmetrically. They fall off early. The two straw leaf tubes are different, the outer one is larger, egg-shaped to egg-shaped-elliptical, about 2.5 centimeters long and 1 to 1.4 centimeters wide and slightly wrinkled. The inner auricle is only half the size, ovate to elliptical and ascending. The ears are thin and wavy ciliates. The ligule has a length of 3 to 4 millimeters, it is frayed and densely ciliate. The blade of the blade stands upright and is obliquely ovate-triangular to narrowly triangular, initially stiff and hairy brown or pale brown. The base of the blade of the blade is slightly rounded, widens to the ears and has a slightly wrinkled leaf margin. The upper end is awl-shaped and pointed. The leaf blade is lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 10 to 18 inches long and 1.5 to 2 inches wide, densely hairy on the underside, glabrous on the top or slightly hairy at the base.
Several spikelets grow on each node of the inflorescence . Each spikelet has a bud at the base, from which a spikelet can be formed again (the spikelets are therefore also called pseudo spikelets). They are pale green, linear-lanceolate, slightly flattened, 2 to 3 inches long and 0.3 to 0.4 inches wide. The bracts are keeled twice, the keels ciliate. The two bracts of the buds are bare and have a blunt end. Six or seven florets are formed per spikelet , with florets near the base and near the tip of the spikelet being sterile. The segments of the inflorescence axis are flat, 3 to 4 millimeters long. The tip is hairy and widened in a dome shape. Only one (according to other information two) ovate-elongated, about 8.5 millimeters long, glabrous glume with a pointed upper end is formed per spikelet . The lemma is ovate-oblong, 1.1 to 1.4 inches long, glabrous, with a blunt, prickly tip and about 19 leaf veins. The palea is about the same length or slightly shorter than the lemma and hairs in fine tufts. Three membranous cavernous bodies are formed. The two front ones are obovate, broad, translucent, about 2.5 millimeters long and have long ciliate edges. The erectile tissue behind is 3 millimeters long and narrow. The six stamens are 3 millimeters long and have a sanded tip. The ovary is obovate, about 1.2 millimeters in length, stalked, bristly hairy and has a thickened top. The stylus is about 0.7 millimeters long and also hairy with bristles. The three scars are about 5.5 millimeters long. The caryopsis is stalk-round, slightly curved, about 8 millimeters long and has a diameter of 1.5 millimeters. The tip is blunt and thickened, hairy with bristles and shows remnants of the style.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 64, 68 or 70.
distribution
The natural range of the species is in the Chinese provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi . There it grows in the hill country and along rivers. The species is cultivated in China, but also in Costa Rica and Colombia .
Systematics
Bambusa tuldoides is a species of the genus Bambusa , which is assigned to the subfamily bamboo (Bambusoideae) and the tribe Bambuseae in the sweet grass family (Poaceae) . It was first described in 1868 by William Munro in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London .
The species Bambusa ventricosa was classified in 2006 by the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as a cultivated form of Bambusa tuldoides , with which the name would only be a synonym. The "Flora of China" also contradicts this classification in 2006 and suspects that incorrectly assigned herbarium material led to this classification. In particular, it points to clear differences in the shape of the stem leaf sheaths between the two species. Kew (WCSP) has since revised that; both are separate species.
use
A culture form with shortened and swollen internodes at the base is often used in gardens, but this shortening is less developed than in Bambusa ventricosa .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, De-Zhu Li, Chris Stapleton: Bambusa tuldoides In: Flora of China , Volume 22, p. 23.
- ↑ a b c W.D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, KT Harman, H. Williamson: Bambusa tuldoides. In: GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, accessed December 15, 2014 .
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ↑ a b c Bambusa tuldoides in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 15, 2014.
- ↑ Bambusa tuldoides. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved December 24, 2014 .
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Bambusa. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 23, 2020.
- ↑ Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, De-Zhu Li, Chris Stapleton: Bambusa ventricosa In: Flora of China , Volume 22, p. 17.
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 22: Poaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2006, ISBN 1-930723-50-4 , pp. 17, 23 (English).
