Fortification of Pass Lueg

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Fortification of Pass Lueg

The Pass Lueg fortification is located in the Austrian state of Salzburg , in the valley pass of the Salzach , which leads into the Pongau, the Pass Lueg . It is located above the narrowest point of the road tunnel on the mountain side of the Salzachtal Straße on the orographically right side of the Salzach in the municipality of Golling .

history

Fortification and tunnel on today's federal road
Clausen in den Lueg , representation after Matthaeus Merian from 1656

The first mention of a barrier goes back to the 12th century. This narrowest point of the "trade route inner mountains " is documented in 1160 as a tollgate ( APED clusam iuxta Weruen mentioned in the cell close to throw '). The bridge construction along the Salzach Gorge was financed with the income. At the end of the 12th century the toll station at the foot of the Hohenwerfen Fortress was relocated. The fortifications are mentioned in the 13th century (1258, 1291: luoch ), at that time the Lueg was heavily occupied in the war between the Elekt Philipp and Bishop Ulrich . In 1263 the cathedral chapter entrusted the guarding of the pass to Gebhard von Belben. Further construction work was carried out under Archbishop Johann Jakob Khuen von Belasi between 1560 and 1575. A marble plaque in the Golling Museum still reminds of this today. During the Thirty Years' War, under Archbishop Paris Lodron , the structure was further strengthened, the gate structure was strengthened and the staircase with the wing walls to the lower log house with the depot and storage rooms was built. In the direction of Pass Lueg, a corner defense tower was added, as was typical of the facilities of the court architect Santino Solari . After repeated damage from natural events, a new bridge was completed in 1701, part of which was fixed and the other part designed as a drawbridge. From then on a one-horse wagon could pass and the goods no longer had to be reloaded onto pack horses; From 1740 on, two-horse wagons could also use the bridge. In 1751, the log house above the complex was demolished because the building only served as a "shelter for drifters".

The turmoil of the Napoleonic Wars brought improvements and extensions to the bridge and gate system. In 1797 the facility was devastated by foreign occupations, namely by the Imperial Austrian military. In 1800, 1805 and 1809 fierce fighting took place here between the Salzburg riflemen under the command of Josef Struber against the Baierisch-French invaders, but in vain. In the Peace of Schönbrunn of 1809, part of the fortress had to be blown up. After the state of Salzburg was incorporated into the Habsburg monarchy, the complex was completely renovated in 1832 following a visit by Emperor Franz I between 1834 and 1836. In 1901 the military handed over the pass to the kuk Forstarkar .

Fortification of Pass Lueg today

Plan of the lower log house of the Pass Lueg fortification

Due to the new road construction, parts of the facility were demolished piece by piece. The two gate structures at street level and the associated bridge have disappeared since 1939. The two log houses (with hipped roofs) are said to have existed until 1945. Due to the road construction in 1960 and the construction of a tunnel through the rock head on which the lower log house (or the lower fortress) stands, this is only accessible by alpine means. This trapezoidal system consists of a log house on the valley side, a narrow courtyard and a warehouse building. The northern front has loopholes that sit one above the other . The upper log house is rectangular on a small terrace. It consisted of a crew compartment and vaulted gun casemates . To the north is a flat shooting bay on raised consoles. This facility secured the strategically important passport as part of the Austrian space defense concept during the Cold War . The lower log house was renovated in 1997.

literature

Web links

Commons : Passport system and attachment, Pass Lueg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Friederike Zaisberger & Walter Schlegel, 1992, pp. 142f.
  2. ^ Kurt Anton Mitterer: The campaign against Napoleon from 1809 - The battles in the city and state of Salzburg. ( Memento of the original from April 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wehrgeschichte-salzburg.at
  3. ↑ Fixed installation Pass Lueg
  4. ↑ Lower blockhouse on Pass Lueg is saved.

Coordinates: 47 ° 34 ′ 17.1 ″  N , 13 ° 11 ′ 23.9 ″  E