Hairy button herb

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Hairy button herb
Hairy button herb (Galinsoga ciliata)

Hairy button herb
( Galinsoga ciliata )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Genre : Button herbs ( Galinsoga )
Type : Hairy button herb
Scientific name
Galinsoga ciliata
( Raf. ) Blake

The Hairy button herb or Hairy French herb ( Galinsoga ciliata is) a common " weeds " from the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae). In English-speaking countries, the synonym Galinsoga quadriradiata is mostly used.

features

These are annual herbaceous plants that usually reach heights of around 20–80 cm. In individual cases, however, the plants can also become even larger. The root is thin, spindle-shaped and richly branched.

Flower head of the hairy button herb
Inflorescence and infructescence of the hairy button herb
The stem is densely hairy.
Basket: the tongues of the ray florets are at least half as long as the diameter of the disc.
The wicker stems are densely covered with glandular hairs.
Fruits: the pappus scales are ½ – ⅔ as long as the fruit and some of them end in an awn.

The stems are erect and mostly richly branched from the bottom. They are roundish, rounded in the lower part, weakly square and especially in the upper part protruding bristly hairy. The opposite leaves are dark green, undivided, quite roughly serrated on the edge, and protruding bristly hairy. They are pointed ovoid and have a stem several centimeters long.

The flower heads have a diameter of a good 5 mm. The mostly four to five white ray florets are about half as long as the diameter of the yellow head or a little longer. They are about as wide as they are long and serrated at the front edge. The pappus of the disk flowers is about 1/2 to 2/3 as long as the achenes. It consists of 18–20 whitish, wide, fringed scales, all or some of which run out into a short awn.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.

Occurrence

The hairy button herb is a typical " weed ". It likes to grow in loamy, nitrogen-rich places such as in gardens, on fields or on open roadsides. It is common everywhere in Central Europe. In contrast to the small-flowered button herb, it thrives more on clay soils than on sandy loam soils. In Central Europe it is a species of the order Polygono-Chenopodietalia, but also occurs in companies of the Chenopodion rubri association. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in Bavaria on the Seealpe above Oberstdorf up to an altitude of 1200 meters.

The species originally comes from Mexico . But today it is widespread worldwide. In Germany, its sister species small-flowered button herb ( Galinsoga parviflora ) was introduced from France during the time of Napoleon, where the name French herb comes from.

The nature itself needs to Gerhard Wagenitz have occurred at least before 1867 in Leipzig, because Otto Kuntze described in his pocket flora of Leipzig in 1867 newly a Galinsoga parviflora var. Villosa who obviously identical to Galinsoga quadriradiata was.

literature

Web links

Commons : Hairy button herb  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  930 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 597.
  3. ^ Galinsoga in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  4. ↑ WDR Lokalzeit OWL aktuell - Herb series - Franzosenkraut ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive )