Bergwacht (Germany)
| Mountain Rescue | |
|---|---|
|
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| legal form | Community of the German Red Cross |
| founding | June 14, 1920 in Munich , Hofbräuhaus |
| founder | Fritz Berger |
| Office | Berlin , Germany |
| motto | voluntary - professional |
| main emphasis | Mountain rescue service , nature conservation |
| Chair | Klemens Reindl, federal manager |
| Members | 14,500 |
| Website | www.bergwacht.de |
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The mountain rescue service in Germany is a community of the German Red Cross (DRK mountain rescue service), mainly active in the mountain rescue service and in nature conservation. The charity provides in Germany over 90% of the emergency services from the rough terrain of the German middle and high mountains as well as to use priorities safely.
In contrast to this, the Austrian mountain rescue services are supporting bodies in nature and environmental protection, and alpine rescue is organized in the Austrian mountain rescue service .
tasks and goals
Search, rescue, etc. Rescue especially in alpine and impassable terrain and support
- Mountain rescue service
- Height rescue
- Cave rescue
- Participation in psychosocial emergency care (PSNV) (see also Crisis Intervention Service Berg (KID Berg))
Support functions
- for DRK on missions abroad
- of the ground-based rescue service and disaster control
Nature and environmental protection
- Support in the field of nature conservation
- Support and implementation of nature conservation projects (e.g. wild animals and skiing in the mountains)
history
The first German mountain rescue service existed in Saxony as early as 1912. It consisted of the Samaritan Department of the Saxon Mountaineering Association.
In 1898 the "Alpine Rescue Committee" was founded in Munich under the umbrella of the Alpine Club. The starting point of organized mountain rescue in the eastern Alpine region. In the years that followed, Alpine rescue centers were set up from the Allgäu to Berchtesgaden under the umbrella of the German and Austrian Alpine Association, supported by the local sections. Also initiated by sections of the Alpine Club, the Bergwacht was founded on June 14, 1920 as "Sitten und Naturschutzwacht" in the Hofbräuhaus in Munich. The aim of the newly founded mountain rescue service was to restore "order, custom and decency in the mountains". The rather desolate conditions in the mountains after the First World War with poaching, break-in of huts, cattle and wood theft prompted the founders to join forces to “protect the mountain from people”.
A short time later, the Red Cross founded the Mountain Accident Service, or GUD for short, a network of Red Cross paramedics. The GUD was mainly involved in highly frequented mountain and winter sports locations, especially in the Bavarian Alps. In 1923, the mountain rescue service in Bavaria already comprised three departments, Munich, Allgäu and Chiemgau. The mountain rescue service is assigned the tasks of a "local aid center for alpine rescue services".
In 1923, the mountain rescue service also took over the task of the medical service and developed into a comprehensive rescue service for the Bavarian Alps and low mountain ranges under the umbrella of the Alpine Association as the German Mountain Rescue Service. In 1945 the German Alpine Association was banned as a National Socialist organization.
The departments joined the respective regional associations of the German Red Cross . In the French occupation zone, the authorities approved the establishment of the independent Black Forest mountain rescue service. In 1955, with the participation of the Bavarian Mountain Rescue Service, the International Commission for Alpine Rescue Services was founded .
In 1955, the mountain rescue regional associations at federal level came together to form a working group. This resulted in the Federal Mountain Rescue Committee of the DRK. The Black Forest Mountain Rescue Service is represented in this committee as a corporate member.
The mountain rescue service in the German Red Cross as a general association is today also a member of the International Commission for Alpine Rescue , or ICAR for short.
Structure and regional associations
The structure of the mountain rescue service is based on that of the German Red Cross. The mountain rescue service is active in eleven DRK regional associations. The Black Forest Mountain Rescue Service (BWS) has a special position . The BWS is a corporate member of the DRK regional association Baden Red Cross and at the same time an independent association and ensures mountain rescue in the area of the Baden Red Cross (Black Forest).
The regional associations:
- Mountain Rescue Bavaria
- Harz Mountain Rescue Service (in the DRK regional associations Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia (southern Harz))
- Mountain Rescue Hesse
- Mountain Rescue North Rhine
- Mountain Rescue Rhineland-Palatinate
- Mountain Rescue Saxony
- Black Forest Mountain Rescue
- Mountain Rescue Thuringia
- Mountain rescue service Westphalia-Lippe
- Mountain Rescue Wuerttemberg
See also
- Portal: Red Cross
- Mountain rescue service
- Austrian mountain rescue service
- Mountain and nature guards in Austria - country by country, different legal forms, with different and different tasks, plus umbrella company
- Alpine Rescue Switzerland , Swiss Alpine Club , Swiss Air Rescue
- Mountain rescue vehicle
Web links
Wikinews: Mountain Rescue - in the news- Homepage of the DRK mountain rescue service (federal level)
- Home page of the DRK on mountain rescue
- Photo galleries on the subject of training in mountain air rescue
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stephanie Geiger: When the mountaineer calls! 100 years of mountain rescue. In: faz.net. June 14, 2020, accessed June 15, 2020 .