Bertha Neumann

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Bertha Neumann born Kunreuther (born February 22, 1893 in Frankfurt / Main ; died October 28, 1944 in the Auschwitz concentration camp ) was a German political scientist . She was murdered in the course of the Holocaust together with her husband Karl Neumann and their youngest son Klaus in Auschwitz.

Life

Bertha Kunreuther was born as the daughter of Samuel Kunreuther (1856–1917) and Haetchen Kunreuther , geb. Lehmann (1860-1935). She had seven or eight siblings, six of whom are known by name: Johanna (1885–?), Who married Adolf Gerson and had a son with him, Rosa (1887–1963), whom Albert Einstein (1880–1962) married and with he had a son, Karl (1888–1915), who had three children with his wife Gertrud (1890–?), Hugo (1891–1961), who had two sons with his wife Susei Kahn (1892–1989), as well as the siblings Max (1890–1892) and Hedwig (1897–1900) who died early. Bertha Kunreuther was one of the first women in Germany to obtain an academic degree in political science . She moved to Austria and married the respected doctor Karl Neumann from Liesingen , with whom she had three children: Anna Rosa (also Annerose , born 1924), Peter Franz (born 1927) and Klaus Neumann (born on January 26, 1932). In 1938 and 1939, the couple managed to bring their two older children to safety with Kindertransporte to England. The husband had to close his practice due to the racial madness of the Nazi regime and the family had to leave their hometown. Grosse Stadtgutgasse 24/10 in Vienna's Leopoldstadt is known as the last place of residence in Vienna . Bertha and Karl Neumann, as well as the youngest son Klaus, were deported to Theresienstadt on June 24, 1943 .

On October 28, 1944, the couple and their 12-year-old son Klaus were murdered in the gas chamber in Auschwitz .

Commemoration

Dr. Neumann-Gasse Vienna.JPG
Memorial stones for the Neumann family 01.JPG

An alley, a memorial stone and a park in Vienna-Liesing bear the name Neumann:

  • On February 15, 1949, the former Badhausgasse was turned into Dr. Renamed Neumann-Gasse .
  • In front of the Neumann family's last residence at Dirmhirngasse 25 in Vienna-Liesing , a memorial stone was laid by the Stones of Remembrance Initiative in Liesing on June 13, 2013 ; the three names can also be found in the list of Liesinger victims of National Socialism 1938-1945 .
  • On June 29, 2017, the Liesingen district council decided to rename a green space in Rudolf-Waisenhorn-Gasse Höhe Rechts Wasserzeile as " Bertha-Neumann-Park ".

Identical names

It has the same name as the narrator Bertha Neumann (1836–1907) and another Nazi victim, Bertha Neumann (1910–1942), who also died in Auschwitz. Furthermore, the database of the documentation archive of the Austrian resistance lists seven other women with the name Berta Neumann in the category victims of the Shoah , all of whom were deported from Vienna by the Nazi regime and murdered in concentration and extermination camps.

publication

  • Tuberculosis care and welfare: a statistical study , Frankfurt / Main 1919, published in the publication series of the Frankfurter Wohlfahrtsamt (4), Frankfurt am Main: Reitz & Köhler 2007

Sources and literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lt. DÖW , victim database, accessed on July 31, 2015. There is also a portrait of the scientist. In the Liesinger victim list, economist and social scientist is indicated in brackets in addition to political scientist .
  2. ^ Peter Autengruber : Lexicon of Viennese street names. Meaning, origin, background information, previous designation (s). Vienna Pichler-Verlag, 9th edition 2014
  3. ↑ Liesingen Victims of National Socialism 1938 - 1945 ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 31, 2015  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.steine23.at
  4. ↑ Report from the Liesingen district representative meeting on June 29, 2017. Accessed on December 10, 2017 .
  5. ↑ mandl_mcapelli: Liesing - meeting of the Liesing district council on June 29, 2017. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 10, 2017 ; accessed December 10, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wien.gv.at
  6. ↑ What did Dr. BERTHA NEUMANN, Dr. MARGARETE OTTILLINGER & Dr. HELENE LIESER together? Retrieved December 29, 2018 .
  7. ^ DÖW : search function , accessed on July 31, 2015
  8. ^ University library of the Goethe University Frankfurt , accessed on July 31, 2015
personal data
SURNAME Neumann, Bertha
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kunreuther, Bertha (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German social scientist and victim of the Holocaust
DATE OF BIRTH February 22, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt / Main
DATE OF DEATH October 28, 1944
Place of death Auschwitz concentration camp