Bettenauer pond
| Bettenauer pond | ||
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| Bettenauer pond | ||
| Geographical location | Toggenburg , Canton of St. Gallen (Switzerland) | |
| Tributaries | Mülelibach | |
| Location close to the shore | Oberuzwil , Jonschwil | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 725 567 / 254576 | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 586 m above sea level M. | |
| surface | 9.1 ha | |
| length | 600 m | |
| width | 100 m | |
| Maximum depth | 1.8 m | |
| Catchment area | 162 ha | |
The Bettenauer Weiher , commonly known Betti, is from a natural Glazialsee -developed pond west of Oberuzwil and northeast of Jonschwil in St. canton of St. Gallen , Switzerland .
geography
The Bettenauer Weiher is located in a depression between Wildberg and Uzwil, entirely in the area of the municipality of Oberuzwil , in the Toggenburg region in the Swiss foothills of the Alps . The pond floor consists of peat soil . The smaller peat ponds to the east belong to the pond.
The Bettenauer Weiher was originally a moor pond , the formation of which can be traced back to the formation of a depression between the Wildberg and the Vogelsberg during the Würm Ice Age , when the entire Toggenburg was covered by the Rhine Glacier. 1464, the year of first mention, the St. Gallen acquired Prince Abbot Ulrich Roesch , the Good Schoran, belongs to the well of the pond. The creation of a dam on the western bank turned the moor pond into a fish pond.
history
Origin of the name
The pond takes its name from the nearby hamlet of Bettenau , which, unlike the lake, belongs to Jonschwil. Bettenau itself was first mentioned in detail in 772 as Betinavia and for the second time in 883 as Bettenova , which is why the name of the lake became established. The pond itself was first mentioned under this name when it was sold to the Prince Abbot Ulrich Rösch in St.
use
After the sale to the prince abbot of St.Gallen, the former moor pond was converted into a fish pond. A mill was operated at the outflow of the pond. It was used as a fish pond until 1813, and peat digging was carried out in the area around the lake . In that year, the Cantonal Councilor Jakob Weber from Oberuzwil bought the water rights and expanded the use of hydropower. In 1844, the Niederuzwil industrialist Mathias Naef bought the rights, his company Naef & Cie. later took over the rights. In 1912 the pond area was opened by Adolf Bühler jun. , Mathias Naef's great-grandson. His company Bühler AG took over the rights in 1927, later handed them over to Uze AG, a cooperative founded by Bühler (formerly Uze construction and housing cooperative ). In 2018, the municipality of Oberuzwil took over Bettenauer Weiher from Uze AG, including the boathouse, scout home and all paths, through an exchange contract. The community exchanged the pond for three pieces of land in the Wilen-Heiterbach-Neuhaus area. The area of the exchanged agriculturally used and leased land was 45,000 m². The local council justified the swap transaction by stating that the swap would preserve accessibility to a popular local recreation area for future generations. There is evidence for the period around 1930 that blocks of ice were carved out of the lake and used for the brewery in Oberuzwil.
ecology
fauna
Carp , tench , perch , rudd and pike can be found in the lake ; the latter is used annually. As recently as the 1980s, six amphibian species were counted: the common frog , common toad , mountain newt , thread newt , edible frog and tree frog . The latter occurrence became extinct in the 1990s. Ducks and coots are found at the lake . Brood occurrences of great crested grebes are sighted regularly . Gray herons are occasionally sighted, but swans have not been sighted for several years. Next are frequently grass snakes spotted. In addition, around the year 2000 three turtles were released, which can still be seen today (2012) in certain places.
flora
The natural population of white water lilies is one of the last in Switzerland, with a sharp decline in occurrence since the 1980s. Before that, a mowing ship was used to contain the heavy vegetation.
sediment
The depth of the lake decreased continuously in the years after 1949, but has remained largely constant since 1988. A silting up is almost undetectable. A silting is, if at all, only the reed zones suspects in the southwestern and southeastern shore of the pond, as there is the water depth at its lowest. The trees planted after 1960 were cleared in 2002/03 for safety reasons. At the same time, one of the main reasons for the silting up fell away.
Protection status
The area around the Bettenauer Weiher is a flat moor of regional importance. It is part of an amphibian spawning area of national importance. For this reason, the pond has had an amphibious tail unit since 1993 , i.e. a protected underpass.
Economical meaning
The economic importance of the Bettenauer Weiher is very low. Nowadays, the pond is only used directly by selected pensioners from Bühler AG, who have the exclusive right to fish on the pond. The area around the Bettenauer Weiher serves as a nature reserve and local recreation area within the region and is accessible via hiking trails. At the restaurants near the lake, strollers only make up part of the clientele. There is only little marketing, an example being the Betti calendar with a circulation of around 1000 copies. In winter, the frozen lake surface is open to ice skating.
statistics
The Bettenauer Weiher is 590 m above sea level. The water volume contained in the lake is around 200,000 m³ at a depth of up to 1.80 m. The pond itself has a surface area of 100,000 m², the peat ponds an additional 14,000 m². In principle, the pond only drains the slope on the southern bank, which is used for livestock farming . The water supply is therefore low and the length of time spent in the lake is high. Until the 1970s, the pond was regularly drained and the pond floor frozen out, which had negative effects on the fish population.
Others
In the stories from Lachweiler (Jonschwil is meant) by Heinrich Federer , the pond is repeatedly alluded to, even if the name of the pond, as well as Jonschwil, is not mentioned. Such references can be found in the novella The Stolen King of Belgium , for example.
literature
- Festschrift of the municipality of Oberuzwil: Three villages - one municipality 1803 to 2003. Oberuzwil 2003.
- J. Barandun: Design and maintenance concept Bettenauer Weiher; 2002.
- E. Städler: The significance of the Bettenauer Weiher for the region in the course of time. Matura thesis. Wil 2005.
Web links
- Office for Environment and Energy of the Canton of St. Gallen: Bettenauer Weiher, Oberuzwil (PDF)
- Bettenauer Weiher: A local recreation area in every season of the year Article on hallowil.ch from December 27, 2018 (with information on ice skating on the Bettenauer Weiher)
Individual evidence
- ↑ sheet 1074: Bischofszell . In: Federal Office of Topography swisstopo (ed.): National map 1: 25,000 . 2016, ISBN 978-3-302-01074-8 ( admin.ch [accessed February 8, 2017]).
- ↑ a b c d Office for Environment and Energy of the Canton of St. Gallen: Bettenauer Weiher, Oberuzwil (PDF)
- ↑ History on uze.ch (accessed on July 26, 2018)
- ↑ «Betti» is now owned by the municipality ( memento of the original from July 26th, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Bulletin of the municipality of Oberuzwil, edition 13/2018, page 2
