Bicton House
Bicton House , also Bickton House , is a country house on the campus of Bicton College in the village of Bicton near Exmouth in the English county of Devon . English Heritage has it as a historical building II *. Grade listed.
The house is 3 miles from Sidmouth . It belonged to the East Budleigh Hundred .
Manorial rule
12th and 13th centuries
At the time of the Domesday Book, William Portitor , the king's doorman, held this manorial rule as the Fronhof . It was the royal prison for the county of Devon. King Henry I gave the manor Bicton to John Janitor as a fief. In 1229 Ralph Balistarius - or Le Balister (German: The Crossbow Bearer ) - held the manorial rule. His descendants, the Alabaster family (a corruption of Le Balister ), held the manor for five generations. Then it fell through inheritance in the female line to the Sacheville or Sackville and Copleston families .
16th to 18th century
The Lord of Bicton continued to run the prison, but it was moved from Bicton to Exeter. The Coplestones , Sir Robert Denys (1525–1592) from nearby Holcombe Burnel , bought the property, had a new manor house and one of the first enclosed deer parks in the county. Sir Robert Denys' son, Sir Thomas Denys , died and his daughter Anne received the property. She had married Sir Henry Rolle († 1616) from Stevenstone House . and the property passed to her husband. Henry was the son of John Rolle and great-grandson of the founder of the Stevenstone family Rolle, George Rolle († 1552). Henry's son and born Miss Denys, Dennis Rolle , Esq., Died in 1638, leaving behind a son who died at a young age and a daughter named Florence .
Henry's nephew, also a Henry , from Beam near Great Torrington inherited the property but died childless in 1647. The property then passed to John Rolle through marriage to his cousin Florence . She was co-heir of Dennis Rolle, Esq. of Bicton, who at his death in 1706 owned nearly 40 Devon manors and estates in Cornwall , Somerset and Northamptonshire . John had married the heiress of Marrais and lived there. He was a member of the Order of the Bath (KB) and representative of the county. John and Florence had four sons; the eldest son was the grandfather of Henry, who was made Baron Rolle in 1748 and died without descendants in 1750, whereby the title expired. In 1787 Mr. von Bicton was deprived of the directorate of the county jail. The title of Baron Rolle was revived in 1796 when Henry Rolles nephew, John Rolle , Esq., Was ennobled in the same way as his ancestor.
19th and 20th centuries
By 1800, replacing John Roll 1. Baron role , († 1842), son of Dennis roll († 1797), the old mansion by the still preserved two-story house that the architect James Wyatt designed and made of red brick and limestone built has been.
The property was said to have "a sweeping view of the English Channel " and ancient beeches and oaks in its park around 1820 . An extensive art collection was housed in the mansion with its two spacious wings. B. Works by Rembrandt and Ruysdael . One had a good view of the village of Otterton with its small church and of the "Lovely Peep" between the salt pans ("Saltern") and the sea. A Gothic loggia is at the main entrance, followed by a rural, inner loggia. Another entrance is near a “cute farm loggia”. An obelisk can be seen from most parts of the property.
John Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle , married the Hon. Louisa Trefusis , a relative and second daughter of Robert Trefusis , 17th Baron Clinton . He died in 1842 with no offspring. The estate of Stevenstone and Bicton, which together cover an area of 22,000 hectares (220 km²), he bequeathed to the Hon. Mark George Kerr Trefusis (1836-1907), the nephew of his second wife Louisa Trefusis (1794-1885), who at that time Was 6 years old. With the arrival of his inheritance in 1852, he changed his name to Rolle . He died in 1907 with no offspring; his heir was his nephew Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis, 21st Baron Clinton , (1863-1957).
In 1898 the house was expanded on a large scale; so was z. B. placed a third floor on the main block.
Agricultural school
In 1947, the 21st Baron Clinton leased the house and part of the estate to Devon County Council so that the Bicton Farm Institute could be established there, which later became Bicton College . In 1957 the baron sold the house and property to the council. The current Baron Clinton still owns part of the property and the Bicton Arena , where equestrian events are held. The headquarters of the Clinton Devon Estate Company , which owns 10,000 hectares (100 km²) of agricultural land in Devon, is nearby.
During the Second World War , the house housed St Ronan's School , which is now in the village of Hawkhurst .
Individual references and comments
- ↑ a b c d e Bernard Burke: A Visitation of the Seats and Arms of the Noblemen and Gentlemen of Great Britain and Ireland . Hurst and Blackett. Pp. 168-169. 1855. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Rudolph Ackermann: The Repository of arts, literature, commerce, manufacturers, fashion and politics . R. Ackermann, Sherwood & Company, Walker & Company and Simpkins & Marshall. S. 1. 1825. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ^ Nikolaus Pevsner, Bridget Cherry: The Buildings of England . Chapter: Devon . London 2004, p. 173.
- ↑ a b c d e f Charles Worthy: The History of the Suburbs of Exeter: With General Particulars as to the Landowners, Lay and Clerical, from the Conquest to the Present Time, and a Special Notice of the Hamlyn Family. Together with "A Digression" on the Noble Houses of Redvers, and of Courtenay, Earls of Devon . Henry Gray. Pp. 33-34. 1892. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ The ancestors of Lord Rolle settled in Devon during the reign of King Henry VIII (1509–1547), where they bought considerable lands from what had previously been monastic property, including the Stevenstone estate , which they made their family home. The land was bought by George Rolle Esq. His grandson, Sir Henry Rolle, married the heiress to Watts in Somerset . Their son married the heiress of Dennis (Denys) from Bicton and Holcombe-Burnel in Devon.
- ↑ Like Henry, John descended from George Rolle († 1552).
- ^ Samuel Lysons: Magna Britannia: Being a Concise Topographical Account of the Several Counties of Great Britain. Volume 6: Devonshire . Thomas Cadell, in the Strand. 1822. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ John's father was Dennis Rolle, Henry's brother.
- ^ Bicton House - Devon School of Agriculture . English Heritage - The National Heritage List. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ Etched on Devon's Memory . Devon County Council. July 21, 2013. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 5, 2015. The original is from Somers-Cocks or Rudolph Ackermann's The Repository of Arts .
- ↑ Rudolph Ackermann: The Repository of arts, literature, commerce, manufacturers, fashion and politics . R. Ackermann, Sherwood & Company, Walker & Company and Simpkins & Marshall. Pp. 1-4. 1825. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ^ Charles Worthy: The History of the Suburbs of Exeter: With General Particulars as to the Landowners, Lay and Clerical, from the Conquest to the Present Time, and a Special Notice of the Hamlyn Family. Together with "A Digression" on the Noble Houses of Redvers, and of Courtenay, Earls of Devon . Henry Gray. 1892. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- ↑ The Trefusis family comes from Samuel Trefusis von den Trefusis from Cornwall, the second son and later heir of Francis Trefusis and his wife Bridget, born. Rolle (1648–1721) from. Bridget Rolle was the daughter of Robert Rolle († 1660), member of parliament, and his wife, Arabella, b. Clinton , the younger daughter of Theophilus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln and 12th Baron Clinton († 1667) from Heanton Satchville , the great-grandson of Henry Rolle and fourth son of the patriarch George Rolle († 1552) from Stevenstone. After the extinction of the descendants of Samuel Rolle (1646-1719), the son of Robert Rolle , the estate of Heanton Satchville passed via Bridget Rolle to the Trefusis family, who in 1791 inherited the title of Baron Clinton from their ancestor, Lady Arabella Clinton .
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 40 ′ 12.4 ″ N , 3 ° 19 ′ 0.8 ″ W.