Episcopal Commissariat of the Eichsfeld
The Episcopal Commissariat of Eichsfeld was an administrative authority of the Elector Archdiocese of Mainz in Eichsfeld .
backgrounds
The Archdiocese of Mainz was the largest diocese of the German Church until 1803 . In addition to his ecclesiastical jurisdiction , the Archbishop of Mainz, like all bishops of the old empire since the early Middle Ages, was also imperial prince over an extensive territory. The area between Werra and Harz belonged to both the ecclesiastical archdiocese and the electoral state. All high government officials of the electorate were clergy, ecclesiastical and secular responsibilities overlapped and not infrequently collided.
With the introduction of the archdeaconate in the 11th century, four archdeaconates were responsible for the area of the later Eichsfeld: Heiligenstadt, Nörten, Jechaburg and Dorla. Due to differences between the archdeacons and the archbishops of Mainz, they created an office with special powers, the commissioner, in the 14th century . There were commissaries in Erfurt, Göttingen, Nörten and Einbeck and the rights of archdeacons were restricted over time. Thus the archdeacons in the dioceses of the ecclesiastical province of Mainz were only granted lower jurisdiction in matrimonial matters and in matters relating to churches, investiture and usury, up to a total of 20 shillings.
history
In 1449 the provost Heiso Krauwel is mentioned for the first time as a commissioner. This marked the beginning of the establishment of a separate archbishop's clerical commissioner's office in Eichsfeld. It was not only responsible for the Eichsfeld, but also for the Petersstift in Nörten and neighboring territories like the Ganerbschaft Treffurt and the Vogtei Dorla . After the introduction of the Reformation it increasingly lost its influence in Treffurt and in the Vogtei, only the village of Wendehausen remained under its supervision. In the aristocratic judicial districts of those of Hanstein and Wintzingerode , the commissariat also lost its supervision.
During the Thirty Years' War the commissariat moved to Duderstadt in 1638 and back to Heiligenstadt in 1781. After the end of the ecclesiastical states , the occupation of the Eichsfeld by the Kingdom of Prussia and the subsequent division into a Hanoverian and a Prussian part, the canonical division of the Eichsfeld followed in 1816. For the Upper Field, which belongs to the Diocese of Paderborn (1826–1930), the Diocese of Fulda (1930–1994) and the Diocese of Erfurt (to this day), and some villages in the Lower Field, it remained as the Episcopal Commissariat of Heiligenstadt . The Unterreichsfeld, which came to the Diocese of Hildesheim in 1824, received its own Episcopal Commissariat for the Untereichsfeld , initially in different locations and from 1847 permanently in Duderstadt.
Commissariat
The commissariat was responsible for the collegiate monastery of St. Martin in Heiligenstadt, the collegiate monastery of St. Peter in Nörten located outside of Eichsfeld, abbeys and monasteries in Eichsfeld, the town and country pastors and the patronage parishes to which Kurmainz is entitled. It audited bills, foundations, and vows, and had its own clerical jurisdiction, as well as overseeing and auditing school teachers and midwives. In addition to managing the commissioner's office, the commissioner had other offices and tasks: he was provost of the parish in Heiligenstadt and Duderstadt, chaired the Probstei Nörthen and was assessor at the higher regional court and tax office of the Eichsfeld state . As the number of tasks increased, the administrative apparatus was expanded and several assessors were employed. The files and correspondence were kept in their own archive. In 1861 the commissioner's jurisdiction was withdrawn and it became a pure administrative authority.
Lists of the commissioners in Eichsfeld
The list contains the known Kommissarii since the foundation of the Kommissarii:
Eichsfeld police station
- 1449 Heiso Krauwel (first known commissioner)
- 1464–1475 Konrad Goldhagen
- 1476–1481 Hermann Helge
- 1482–1487 Jakob Engelberti
- 1521–1533 Jakob Stauffenhübel
- 1533–1537 Johannes Korlebegk
- 1537–1549 Johannes Buschhauer
- 1549–1573 Alexander's child father
- 1573–1600 Heinrich Bunte
- 1600–1603 Georg Wand
- 1603–1616 Rudolf von Hiddessen
- 1616–1636 Martin Nagel
- 1626–1660 Christoph Jagemann
- 1660–1664 Andreas Burckardt
- 1664–1666 Christoph Augustin Weiner
- 1666–1722 Herwig Böning
- 1722–1736 Johann Georg Klinckhardt
- 1736–1738 Johann Heinrich Ohaus
- 1738–1743 Anselm Martin Rost
- 1751–1781 Johann Fritz Huth
- 1781–1811 Philipp Pattberg
Commissariat of the Obereichsfeld in Heiligenstadt
- 1811–1831 Gottfried Franz Würschmidt
- 1838–1863 Josef Nolte
- 1863–1893 Conrad Zehre (the commissariat was closed from 1874–1882)
- 1893–1901 Christoph Herold
- 1902–1925 Hermann Osburg
- 1934–1941 Robert Buch
- 1941–1945 Adolf Bolte
- 1945–1967 Josef Streb
- 1967–1995 Paul Julius Kockelmann
- 1995–2011 Heinz-Josef Durstewitz
- since 2012 Hartmut Gremmler
Commissariat of the sub-field
- 1816 Andreas Gödecke
- 1818–1833 Simon Schäfer (Obernfeld)
- 1834–1842 August Leibecke (Lindau)
- 1842–1845 Karl Wilhelm Aschoff (Wollbrandshausen)
- 1845 Böning commissariat administrator
- 1847–1864 Anton Seiters (from here in Duderstadt)
- 1864–1883 Anton Paasch
- 1886–1889 Friedrich Hugo
- 1889-1892 Theodor Schitz
- 1893–1919 Rudolf Bank
- 1919–1929 Josef Stübe
- 1929–1943 Franz Algermissen
- 1943–1971 Franz Ernst
- 1971–1987 Karl Kollmann
- 1987-2010 Wolfgang Damm
- 2010–2020 Bernd Galluschke
- from November 29, 2020 Thomas Berkefeld
literature
in order of appearance
- Johann Wolf : Historical treatises by the clergy commissioners in the ore pen Mainz, especially by those in the Eichsfelde. Goettingen 1797.
- Johann Wolf (Ed.): Commentatio de archidiaconatu Heiligenstadiensi . Göttingen 1809.
- Johann Wolf: Eichsfeldische church history. With 134 certificates. Göttingen 1816, Section III, pages 118-124.
- Bruno Krusch: Study on the history of the clerical jurisdiction and administration of the Archbishopric Mainz. Commissar Johann Bruns and the ecclesiastical division of the Archdiakonate Nörten, Einbeck and Heiligenstadt . In: Journal of the Historical Association for Lower Saxony , year 1897, pp. 112–277.
- Georg Wolpers: The clerical commissioners of the lower field. A contribution to Eichsfeld's church history. Publishing house Mecke, Duderstadt 1929.
- Bernhard Sacrificemann : The ecclesiastical administration of the Eichsfeld in its past . St. Benno Verlag, Leipzig 1958.
- Julius Seiters: The "Spiritual Commissariat of this side of Eichsfeld" in the middle of the 19th century. In: The Diocese of Hildesheim in the past and present. Yearbook of the Association for History and Art in the Diocese of Hildesheim , ISSN 0341-9975 , vol. 59 (1991), pp. 89-103.
- Arno Wand : The Eichsfeld as episcopal commissariat 1449–1999 . Benno-Verlag, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-7462-1349-5 .
- Georg May : The commissioner's office in Heiligenstadt . In: Ders .: The organization of jurisdiction and administration in the Archdiocese of Mainz from the High Middle Ages to the end of the Reich Church , Volume 2: The Commissariats . Society for Middle Rhine Church History, Mainz 2004, ISBN 3-929135-44-2 , pp. 955-1000.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thorsten W. Müller et al .: The churches in Eichsfeld. Mecke-Verlag Duderstadt 2011
- ↑ Bernhard Sacrifice man : shaping the calibration field. St. Benno-Verlag Leipzig and Verlag FW Cordier Heiligenstadt 1968
- ^ [1] Episcopal Commissariat Heiligenstadt
- ↑ Jürgen Backhaus: Eichsfeld Prelate Paul-Julius Kockelmann looks back on 60 fulfilled years as a priest. In: Thüringer Allgemeine from May 4, 2014 (accessed May 30, 2017)
- ↑ Gerlinde Sommer: Eichsfeld Provost Heinz Josef Durstewitz is retiring. In: Thüringische Landeszeitung from November 7, 2011 (accessed on May 30, 2017)