Blue throated hummingbird

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Blue throated hummingbird
Blue-throated hummingbird ♂

Blue-throated hummingbird ♂

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Lepidopyga
Type : Blue throated hummingbird
Scientific name
Lepidopyga coeruleogularis
( Gould , 1851)

The blue-throated hummingbird ( Lepidopyga coeruleogularis ) is a species of bird in the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that includes the countries of Panama and Colombia . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

Blue-throated hummingbird ♀

The blue-throated hummingbird reaches a body length of about 8.9 cm, with a straight beak about 1.8 cm. The base of the lower mandible is red. The top of the males shimmers green. The throat, the lower part of the cheeks and the chest are glittering purple-blue. The rest of the bottom glows green. The clearly forked tail is black. The top of the females also glitters green. The underside is white with green flanks. The tail is also forked, but the central control feathers are green. the rest of the tail is blue-black with gray flecks.

Way of life

The blue-throated hummingbird is usually alone . They get their nectar from deep-set flowers at the edges of forests or in semi-open areas. In addition to flowers, they also fly to flowering shrubs and smaller trees. Occasionally they also prey on insects.

Breeding behavior

In March they were observed in the Departamento del Chocó and in July near Petrólea in the Departamento de Norte de Santander by Melbourne Armstrong Carriker in breeding mood. Alexander Wetmore reported about nests from Panama, which they built in the forks of dry herbs at a height of 1 meter.

distribution and habitat

Distribution area (green) of the blue-throated hummingbird

The birds are seldom and only locally found on the edges of mangroves , drier bushy areas and lighter forest areas near sea level. They are most commonly found near the mangroves and just a few kilometers from the coast. They occur quite regularly near Playa Los Cocos near Santa Marta and in the Vía Parque isla de Salamanca National Park . You are traveling at altitudes below 100 meters. In Colombia you can find them from the lower reaches of the Río Atrato along the coast south to Nuquí . They are also common on both sides of the Urabá Gulf . You can find them between Cartagena east to Ciénaga Grande at the foot of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta . In Panama they occur in the mangroves of the lowlands from the provinces of Chiriquí to Darién . Occasionally it can be found in the Panama Canal area on the Caribbean coast. It is relatively common in the Coiba National Park and on the island of Cébaco .

Subspecies

There are three known subspecies:

  • Lepidopyga coeruleogularis coelina ( Bourcier , 1856) - This subspecies occurs in western Panama.
  • Lepidopyga coeruleogularis coeruleogularis ( Gould , 1851) - The nominate form occurs in the east of Panama and in the north-west of Colombia.
  • Lepidopyga coeruleogularis confinis Griscom , 1932 - This subspecies is common in northern Colombia.

Etymology and history of research

John Gould described the blue-throated hummingbird under the name Trochilus (-?) Coeruleogularis . He gave David as the location . It was not until 1855 that the green hummingbird and the blue-throated hummingbird were assigned to the newly introduced genus Lepidopyga by Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach . This name is a Greek word composed of "lepis λεπις " for "scale" and "pygē πυγή " for "rump, rump, buttocks". The specific epithet »coeruleogularis« is a Latin word formation from »caeruleus« for »blue« and »-gularis, gula« for »-throat, throat«. "Confinis" is Latin and means "similar". "Coelina" is derived from the Latin "coelum" for "heaven".

literature

  • Steven Leon Hilty , William Leroy Brown : A guide to the birds of Colombia . Princeton University Press, Princeton 1986, ISBN 0-691-08372-X ( books.google.de ).
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, John A. Gwynne: A Guide to the Birds of Panama: With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 1989, ISBN 978-0-691-02512-4 ( books.google.de ).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • John Gould: On six new species of Humming-Birds . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 18 , no. 211 , 1850, pp. 162-164 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Jules Bourcier: Description d'une espèce nouvellement connu d'Oiseau-mouche du genre Pymornis (Conspectus Trochilorum, prince Ch. Bonaparte) famille des Trochilidés, sous-fam. 175 pætorninés . In: Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée (=  2 ). tape 8 , 1856, pp. 552-553 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Ludlow Griscom: The ornithology of the Caribbean coast of extreme eastern Panama . In: Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College . tape 72 , no. 9 , 1932, pp. 303-372 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach: Trochilinarum enumeratio: ex affinitate naturali reciproca primum ducta provisoria . Friedericum Hofmeister, Leipzig 1855 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : Blue-throated Hummingbird  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Steven Leon Hilty u. a., p. 267.
  2. ↑ a b Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a., p. 214.
  3. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  4. ↑ Jules Bourcier, p. 553.
  5. ^ A b John Gould 1850 (1851), p. 163.
  6. ↑ Ludlow Griscom, p. 333.
  7. ↑ Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach, p. 7.
  8. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 221.
  9. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 113.
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 116.
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 112.