Pale scotland

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Pale scotland
Pale Scotch (Erysimum crepidifolium)

Pale Scotch ( Erysimum crepidifolium )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Genre : Scot oak ( Erysimum )
Type : Pale scotland
Scientific name
Erysimum crepidifolium
Rchb.

The bleach Wallflower ( Erysimum crepidifolium ), also called goose death or Pippaublättriger Wallflower called is a plant belonging to the family of the cabbage family (Brassicaceae).

description

The pale scotland is a biennial herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of between 15 and 60 cm. On the upright growing stem there are whole-edged to convex toothed leaves . They are mainly covered with twin-rayed (compass needle-shaped) star hairs.

The odorless, hermaphrodite and four-fold flowers are quite large and reach lengths of 9 to 15 mm. The four petals are light sulfur yellow in color. There are six stamens . The stylus ends in a cephalic scar. The blooming season of the bleached scotland extends mainly from April to July, but more rarely plants can also bloom well into autumn.

The 20 to 70 mm long pods are gray-greenish in color, bluntly square and have 3 to 5 mm long fruit stalks.

The species has chromosome number 2n = 14.

Possible confusion

The pale scotland can be confused with the stiff scotland ( Erysimum hieraciifolium ) as well as with the hard scotland ( Erysimum marschallianum ). It differs from these in particular in the type of hairiness.

Occurrence

This species occurs from the Balkans to southern and central Germany. In Germany the bleached scotch is quite rare. You can find it more often in the middle Saale and Nahe valley. There are also sites in northern Bavaria and in southwest Germany. The species is absent in Switzerland and Austria.

The pale scotland grows in dry grass communities . It prefers warm stone and rock soils (limestone, dolomite, porphyry, phonolite). In Central Europe it is a local character species of the Diantho-Festucetum from the association of the Seslerio-Festucion association. But it also occurs in gappy Festuco-Brometea societies or semi-ruderally in Agropyretalia societies.

Pale Scotch ( Herbarium evidence )

Toxicity

The pale scotland is highly poisonous in all parts, but especially in the seeds . The main active ingredients in the seeds are at least 20 cardenolide glycosides (3.5%). The main glycoside is erysimoside (approx. 2.3%), from which the secondary glycoside helveticoside (0.5–1.2%) is formed by splitting off the glucose . The highest levels of erysimoside and halveticoside are found at the time of ripening and during drying.

Symptoms of poisoning in humans have not yet occurred, while geese have been reported to have died out on a mass scale . Rabbits are also endangered ; the plant is not said to be poisonous for chickens . Eating the plants by geese (hence the name "goose nests") or small mammals quickly leads to muscle paralysis, from which the animals eventually die.

swell

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ named especially for Wettin by Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 146. ( online ).
  2. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  3. ↑ Erysimum crepidifolium. In: Info Flora (the national data and information center for Swiss flora).
  4. ↑ a b Lutz Roth , Max Daunderer , Kurt Kormann : Toxic Plants - Plant Poisons. Poisonous plants from AZ. Emergency assistance. Occurrence. Effect. Therapy. Allergic and phototoxic reactions . 4th edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-933203-31-7 (reprint from 1994).
  5. ↑ Pale Scotch ( Erysimum crepidifolium ). In: giftpflanze.com.

Web links

Commons : Pale Schöterich ( Erysimum crepidifolium )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files