Bloody Mary
Bloody Mary is a classic cocktail made from vodka , tomato juice and condiments . The long drink belongs to the group of corpse revivers or "pick-me-ups", the so-called hangover drinks. At times the name Red Snapper was also common for the Bloody Mary, today it is usually understood as a variant mixed with gin instead of vodka.
history
The exact origin of the drink and its name is unclear, there are several variants in circulation. According to a popular counter legend, the cocktail goes back to Hollywood actor George Jessel , who in 1927 mixed a remaining bottle of vodka with tomato juice, Worcestershire sauce and lemon juice after a night of partying in a Florida bar to curb the hangover of everyone in attendance. Shortly thereafter, a friend named Mary Brown Warburton appeared and smeared the new drink on her white dress, whereupon she exclaimed “ Now you can call me bloody Mary, George! ”. Jessel is said to have used this exclamation as the name for the drink, which is said to have led to an argument with Warburton's friend, the comedian Ted Healy , who then tried to shoot Jessel.
The bartender Fernand Petoit also claimed to have mixed the Bloody Mary for the first time. His granddaughter believed he had made the drink in Harry's New York Bar in Paris as early as 1921 , when it was made up of equal parts of vodka and tomato juice . In this bar in Paris, Petoit is said to have served the drink to Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald , among others .
Petoit himself did not publicly report this version. He certainly admitted that Jessel had a share in the invention, but denied that his recipe had already been worked out, that it actually only consisted of vodka and tomato juice. “ George Jessel said he created it, but it was really nothing but Vodka and tomato juice when I took it over, ” he said in a 1964 interview with The New Yorker . Petoit would then go back to today's classic seasoning with Worcestershire sauce, Tabasco sauce, salt and pepper, which he prepared from 1934 in the King Cole Bar of the St. Regis Hotel in New York City .
There are also various assumptions about the origin of the name:
- The Bloody Mary is said to have been named after the English Queen Maria I. Tudor . This was due to their bloody Protestant persecution in the 16th century, this epithet of her successor on the throne, Elizabeth I , was obtained.
- Petoit's granddaughter Carol Bradley, on the other hand, says the name of the drink came from a customer who had a fond memory of a waitress named Mary. She worked at a bar in Chicago called the Bucket of Blood. Petoit is also said to have said that one of his customers suggested the name because the drink reminded him of the Bucket of Blood Club in Chicago and a girl named Mary who worked there.
After the end of Prohibition in the United States , Petoit returned and found a job in the King Cole Room of the St. Regis Hotel. He initially prepared the cocktail there with gin, since vodka was not yet readily available in the United States. In addition, the hotel owner John Astor disliked the suggestive name of the drink, so it was renamed Red Snapper . In the 1950s, the drink was served again as Bloody Mary. In the meantime, Wladimir Smirnov had sold his company to Rudolph Kunett , who relocated it to the USA and made the Smirnoff vodka brand internationally known. The Bloody Mary's popularity since the 1950s is attributed in part to Smirnoff's marketing activities.
preparation
The Bloody Mary consists essentially of vodka and tomato juice , although the mixing ratio can vary. In its standard recipe, the International Bartenders Association stipulates two parts tomato juice (9 cl ) for one part vodka (4.5 cl), plus 1.5 cl lemon juice, 2-3 dashes Worcestershire sauce and a little Tabasco, celery salt and pepper . The proportions correspond roughly to the presumed original Petoit recipe.
When it comes to the method of preparation, there is broad agreement that the cocktail should not be shaken because of the tomato juice it contains, which is harmful to oxygen . Some of the other ingredients are shaken on ice cubes in the cocktail shaker and the tomato juice is stirred later, some of it is just stirred , some of it is rolled , that is, ingredients and ice are carefully tossed back and forth between the mixing bowl and glass to mix and cool. The question of whether the cocktail should be served in the guest glass with or without ice is also controversial.
A lemon wedge placed on the edge of the glass can be used as a garnish, more often a piece of celery is placed on the edge of the glass, which is used on the one hand to stir and on the other hand to have something to nibble on while drinking. In the alcohol-free version, the vodka, which does not have any taste, is left out. She is known as the Virgin Bloody Mary or just Virgin Mary.
Web links
- Bloody Mary. Freedom for Maria Stuart! In: mixology.eu ( Mixology ). April 4, 2019, accessed August 28, 2019 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Bloody Mary. Freedom for Maria Stuart! In: mixology.eu ( Mixology ). April 4, 2019, accessed August 28, 2019 .
- ^ Brian Bartels: The Bloody Mary. The Lore and Legend of a Cocktail Classic, with Recipes for Brunch and Beyond. 2017, ISBN 1-60774-999-8 , p. 21.
- ↑ Fernand Petiot - Bartender . In: diffordsguide.com. Retrieved July 11, 2018.
- ↑ in.reuters.com
- ↑ Classic Cocktails in History: the Bloody Mary | The Alcohol Professor . In: alcoholprofessor.com. Retrieved July 11, 2018.
- ↑ Reuters Editorial: Bloody Marys at 1933 prices just the tonic for NYC . In: IN . (English, reuters.com [accessed July 30, 2018]).
- ↑ Bloody Mary. In: iba-world.com of the International Bartenders Association . Accessed August 28, 2019 .
- ↑ Robert Hess, Anistatia Miller: The Museum of the American Cocktail. Pocket Recipe Guide . 2nd Edition. Mixellany, Lexington 2007.
- ↑ Bloody Mary cocktail recipe according to Petitot. ( Memento from January 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive )