Must Prussia

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In a derisive and critical - ironic way, those citizens of Prussia who “had to go to Prussia ” due to territorial gains as a result of peace agreements , inheritances , purchases or international treaties from other German territories are referred to as Must Prussia or Booty Prussia. In particular, the term plays a role in the outcome of the Vienna Congress in 1815. Large areas of the later provinces of Rhineland , Westphalia and Saxony came to the Prussian state for the first time. After the German War of 1866, Prussia completely annexed the territory of the enemies Kingdom of Hanover , Duchy of Nassau , Free City of Frankfurt and the Electorate of Hesse , as well as all of Schleswig-Holstein with Lauenburg . The Grand Duchy of Hesse had to cede its Hessian hinterland , the Kingdom of Bavaria had to cede Orb and Gersfeld and Kaulsdorf .

An under Prussian domination emerging German Empire commented the Austrian satirical magazine Kikeriki in August 1870 by a cartoon entitled Germany's future , which alluded to former Prussian territorial acquisitions, and with the words: "If it comes under a hat? I think it's more likely to come under a pimple hood ! "

In these countries, not only were there reservations about identity against Prussia, its Protestant rulers and “Prussianism”, in many cases anti-Prussian attitudes still developed. One motive for anti-Prussian affects against the regime were memories of earlier times under Catholic rulers, for example in Upper Silesia memories of times under the Catholic House of Habsburg . However, the reasons for a reserved or negative attitude towards Prussia were complex. In the Rhineland and Westphalia, during the period of the Vormärz , the German Revolution of 1848/1849 , the era of reaction and the Kulturkampf, attitudes that were strongly anti-Prussian or critical of Prussia emerged, on the one hand in Catholicism and ultramontanism and, on the other hand, in republican , democratic , liberal , socialist and other political, for example Greater German or secessionist and particularist convictions. The Catholic Bishop Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler formulated critical reservations by warning in 1867 of the danger of "Borussianism" and the corresponding world and historical view , especially propagated by the historian Heinrich von Treitschke :

“By Borussianism we mean the fixed idea about the Prussian profession, an unclear idea of ​​a world task set for Prussia, combined with a conviction that this profession and this task is an absolutely necessary one that must be fulfilled with the same necessity as the detached rock and that it is therefore inadmissible to oppose this world calling in the name of law or history. "

See also

Individual evidence

  1. Reinhard Richter: National Thinking in Catholicism of the Weimar Republic . Dissertation University of Münster, Münster 2000, ISBN 3-8258-4991-0 , p. 296.
  2. ^ Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler : Germany after the war of 1866 , Mainz 1867, p. 29 ff., 85. Quoted from: Wilhelm Ribhegge: Does North Rhine-Westphalia need a house of history? In: Saskia Handro, Bernd Schönemann (Ed.): Space and Sense. The spatial dimension of historical culture. Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-643-12483-8 , p. 138.