Fixed idea

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A fixed idea ( Latin idea fixa , unchangeable idea ), also called an overvalue idea , is a symptom from the field of clinical psychology and psychiatry . As a “winged word” , the expression is also part of (sophisticated) colloquial language.

The German term appears in the second half of the 18th century z. B. in Jean Paul , Novalis (1798/99) and Johann Adam Bergk (1799; the 1998 Büchmann's assumption about the origin of the expression is wrong).

Google book searches bring about 50 titles from the last quarter of the 18th century to light (as of 2020), including Johann Christoph Adelung's story of human folly , works by theologians Jakob Danzer , Johann Jahn and Samuel Friedrich Nathanael More , mixed writings by the philosopher Christian August Clodius as well as a philosophy textbook by Karl Heinrich Ludwig Pölitz with psychological and psychiatric content. There are also reviews in review magazines such as the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (some on psychological-psychiatric topics).

The German dictionary defines fixed idea as "an idea that the soul continually adopts and dominates all other ideas".

psychiatry

This section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.
Only some of the statements are proven. - 20:56, Feb. 14, 2020 (CET)

Overvalue ideas are a serious thought disorder that resembles delusions , but is not as pronounced I-syntonic and unchangeable (certainly) as this. Often overvalue ideas are accompanied by other thought disorders (e.g. perseveration ) and can lead to severe disturbances in social relationships. According to some authors, it is a misconception that cannot be corrected and is the result of monomania . For Friedrich Wilhelm Hagen junior (1814–1888), however, the concept of the fixed idea is not necessarily linked to the fact that the idea is factually wrong. This is rather the important characteristic of the fixed madness or the delusional idea . For Hagen, the essence of the fixed idea is that it is about " obsessive thoughts ":

“By a fixed idea I mean, in distinction from a fixed delusion, or from the delusional idea (in which the falseness of the idea, of the thought applied to the explanation of relationships, is the main thing), an idea which persistently dominates the individual constantly imposing on it, it may or may not be true. A melancholy thinks e.g. B. always at it and complains to the others that she should not have married a second time - in which she can be quite right, while the power which this thought exercises over her entire state of mind and will is of a pathological nature. As a rule, however, this compulsive thinking in the mentally ill is also filled with a false content, its product and object are delusional thoughts. "

- Hagen: On the theory of hallucination (1868)

With a fixed idea, all thoughts concentrate on one core topic. Apart from that, those affected otherwise think logically, so that they will be considered reasonable if the critical area is not touched.

Rainer Tölle called fixed ideas and overvalued ideas in 2008 as outdated terms and instead used emotionally overvalued ideas.

For the delimitation, see also thought disorder , section Thought disorders in terms of content .

See also

literature

  • Rudolf Zacharias Becker : Lectures on the duties and rights of people . tape 1 . Expedition of the Deutsche Zeitung , Gotha 1791, OCLC 633538957 , p. 388 , footnote ( full text in the Google book search): “A fixed idea is a thought that is united in the soul with so many other thoughts that it constantly hovers in our minds and always occurs to us against our will. [...] "
  • Leonhard Meister : About the imagination in its influence on mind and heart . Orell, Gessner, Füssli and Comp., Zurich 1795, OCLC 967208704 , Chapter V. Fixed ideas , p. 31–35 ( full text in Google Book Search).
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Hagen junior : Fixed ideas . In: Studies in the field of medical psychology . Common lectures by Dr. Friedrich Wilhelm Hagen, royal senior physician and director of the district insane asylum, professor at the University of Erlangen. Eduard Besold, Erlangen 1870, p. 39–85 ( full text in Google Book Search, HTML version - reprinted in 2016 as ISBN 978-3-7436-0735-4 ).
  • Carl Wernicke : About fixed ideas . In: German Medical Weekly . tape 18 , no. 25 , 1892, pp. 581 f ., doi : 10.1055 / s-0029-1199224 .
  • Peter Haffner : The fixed idea. 13 attempts to explain the world; Einstein, Scheerbart, Schliemann, Pauling, Fort, von Däniken, Doyle, Oken, Reich, Linné, Poe, Miller, Svev. NZZ , Zurich 1999, ISBN 3-85823-621-7 (as a paperback: Die fixe Idee, 13 geniuses and their Spleens. Dtv 20208, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-423-20208-4 ).
  • Theo R. Payk : Psychopathology: From Symptom to Diagnosis. 4th, completely revised edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-662-45531-9 , p. 222 ( full text in the Google book search).

Web links

Wiktionary: fixed idea  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ fixed idea . In: Lexikonredaktion of the Bibliographisches Institut (Ed.): Meyers Großes Taschenlexikon . tape 7 : Feh - Gars . Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich 1981, ISBN 3-411-01927-1 , pp. 109 : “ fixed idea (overriding idea), representation or opinion that dominates a person's consciousness and behavior; [...] "
  2. ↑ Theo R. Payk : Psychopathology: From symptom to diagnose. 4th, completely revised edition. Springer, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-662-45531-9 , p. 222 ( limited preview in the Google book search: "overvalue (fixed) idea").
  3. ↑ a b Rainer Tölle : Wahn. Mental illnesses - historical events - literary topics . Schattauer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-7945-2389-4 , pp. 132 ( limited preview in the Google book search): “Emotionally overvalued ideas - These disorders were formerly called overcharged ideas or also fixed ideas (English: overcharged idea, supervalent idea). The terms are out of date. "
  4. ↑ The new Büchmann - winged words . The classic treasure trove of quotes . Revised and updated by Winfried Hofmann . 41st, revised edition. Ullstein, Berlin 1998, ISBN 978-3-550-06829-4 , pp. 197 .
  5. ↑ A fixed idea. In: Sayings Index. Accessed February 7, 2020 (a tooltip lists incidents at Jean Paul).
  6. ↑ madness. In: Jean-Paul-Portal. Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , accessed on February 7, 2020 (register entry with several occurrences of "fixed idea" and inflected forms of it, also "fixed ides").
  7. ↑ Bernd Kast: Max Stirner's Destruction of Speculative Philosophy. The radical of the owner and the dissolution of the abstract human and humanity . Herder, Freiburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-495-81839-8 , pp. 145 , footnote 89 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  8. ↑ Search phrase fixed ideas in the Google book search. Retrieved February 14, 2020 (1777: Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf ).
  9. ↑ a b Search phrase fixe ideas in the Google book search. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  10. ↑ a b search phrase fixe idee in the Google book search. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  11. ↑ a b Search phrase fixen idee in the Google book search. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  12. ↑ Search phrase fixer idee in the Google book search. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  13. ↑ Search phrase fixer ideas in the Google book search. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  14. ↑ idea. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 10 : H, I, J - (IV, 2nd division). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1877, Sp. 2039-2042 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
  15. ↑ Theo R. Payk : Psychopathology: From symptom to diagnose. 4th, completely revised edition, Springer, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-662-45531-9 , p. 222 ( limited preview in the Google book search: "Tendencies towards isolation").
  16. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Hagen junior: On the theory of hallucination. In: General journal for psychiatry and psycho-judicial medicine . 25, 1868, pp. 1–113, here p. 25.