Guibourtia
| Guibourtia | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Guibourtia | ||||||||||||
| Benn. |
Guibourtia is a plant kind from the family of legumes (Fabaceae).
features
Guibourtia species are evergreen to deciduous trees that reach heights of up to 40 to 50 meters. The straight and cylindrical trunks reach lengths of 25 meters and the trunk diameter is one to two meters. The trees often form buttress roots, some of which are meters high .
The heartwood is pink, bright red, or red-brown with purple stripes. It turns yellow to medium brown in the air. The sapwood is white and clearly delineated. The texture is fine and even. Freshly cut wood has an unpleasant odor that evaporates as it dries.
The pinnate and entire leaves are alternate with only a few, usually only two leaflets . The small stipules fall off early.
Many flowers stand together in mostly terminal racemose or paniculate inflorescences . The hermaphroditic, more or less stalked, small flowers with a simple flower envelope consist of four to five unequal and dome-shaped sepals , the petals are missing, about ten free, alternately unequal long stamens and one central or upper and single-faceted, more or less stalked and hairy to bare ovary with filamentary stylus . There is a discus .
The legumes , which sometimes open, are usually only solitary. The seeds often have an aril .
Distribution and types
The species are common in tropical Africa (with 14 species), but also in America (four species). In Africa the area extends from Mali to Mozambique and South Africa . The trees are found in the tropical rainforests as well as in the dry savannahs, in Angola also in the beach area.
There are the following types (selection):
- Guibourtia arnoldiana (De Wild. & T. Durand) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia carrissoana (MAExell) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia carrissoana var. Gossweileri (MA Exell ex Gossw. & Mendonca) J. Léonard
- Guibourtia chodatiana (Hassl.) J.Léonard , from South America
- Guibourtia chodatiana var. Fruticosa (Hassl.) J.Léonard , from South America
- Guibourtia coleosperma (Benth.) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia confertiflora (Benth.) Léonard , from South America
- Guibourtia conjugata (Bolle) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia copallifera Benn.
- Guibourtia demeusei (Harms) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia dinklagei (Harms) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia ehie (A.Chev.) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia hymenaeifolia (Moric.) J.Léonard , from Brazil, Paraguay
- Guibourtia leonensis J.Léonard
- Guibourtia pellegriniana J.Léonard
- Guibourtia schliebenii (Harms) J.Léonard
- Guibourtia sousae J.Léonard
- Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J.Léonard
Examples of individual woods
Bubinga
This genus provides different woods. A well-known wood is bubinga (the wood of several species) Guibourtia tessmannii , Guibourtia desmeusei , Guibourtia pellegriniana ; It is also misleadingly traded as African rosewood in the timber trade , but has nothing in common with rosewood from the rosewood family. Despite the hardness and weight, it is easy to work with. It is used for furniture, wood turning, inlays, knife handles and heads for e-pipes (a variation of the so-called e-cigarette ). In musical instrument making it is used for harps , guitars , recorders , clarinets ( Fratelli Patricola ) and drums. Bubinga is sometimes used in making bows .
Since January 2017, the above-mentioned Bubinga species have been listed in Appendix II of the Washington Convention on Endangered Species .
Ovangkol
Another type of wood is Ovangkol (also Ovengkol) Guibourtia ehie . Ovangkol has a dark brown basic color and a fine, wavy, black-brown grain. The hard, but relatively elastic, tropical wood is used in a variety of ways, including for the construction of musical instruments (guitars, double basses, xylophones), furniture and parquet. Due to its elasticity, it is easy to process, does not break easily and also has very good acoustic properties .
Further
Other names for wood from the genus Guibourtia are: Tiete Rosewood, Patagonian Cherry, Sirari ( Guibourtia hymenaeifolia ), African Rosewood, Mushibi, Rhodesian Copalwood, Muzaule ( Guibourtia coleosperma ), Black Chacate, Tsotso Tree, Chacate, Chacate Preto ( Guibourtia conjugata ), Mutenye, Benge, Mbenge, Kevazingo, Olive Walnut ( Guibourtia arnoldiana ).
literature
- ON Allen, Ethel K. Allen: The Leguminosae. Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1981, ISBN 0-299-08400-0 , pp. 313 f.
Web links
- Bubinga , Mutenye , Mushibi , Black Chakate , Ovengkol in: H. G. Richter, M. J. Dallwitz: Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. April 16, 2006.
- Flore du Cameroun ( Memento of November 24, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (French, PDF file, 389 kB)
- Guibourtia in the Flora of Zimbabwe (English)
- Bubinga on holz-technik.de, accessed on November 15, 2016.
- Ovengkol on gdholz.net, accessed on November 15, 2016.
Individual evidence
- ↑ GRIN Species Records of Guibourtia (English)
- ↑ Guibourtia on the Plant List, accessed November 15, 2016.
- ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . List of wood species protected in CITES (pdf). Retrieved on: May 14, 2017
- ↑ Tiete Rosewood on wood-database.com, accessed on 17 November 2016th
- ↑ Mushivi on holz-verarbeitung.de, accessed on November 17, 2016.
- ↑ Guibourtia conjugata ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on prota4u.org, accessed November 17, 2016.
