Austrian federal gardens

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AustriaAustria  Austrian Federal Gardens
(Federal Gardens Vienna Innsbruck)
Austrian authority
State level Federal level
Position of the authority subordinate agency: Section II Sustainability and Rural Areas
legal form Federal Office for Agriculture
At sight Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Regions and Tourism
founding 1921
Headquarters Vienna 13 , Schönbrunn
Authority management Josefa Reiter-Stelzl
Servants approx. 230
Website www.bundesgaerten.at

The Austrian Federal Gardens , also called Federal Gardens Vienna Innsbruck , is the authority that looks after the garden monuments owned by the Republic of Austria . It is an agency of the Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Regions and Tourism .

history

By taking over the Habsburg residences and complexes, the Republic of Austria has an abundance of historical gardens and palace gardens , as well as city ​​parks (imperial court gardens) built by the Habsburgs for the common good . These include the most important gardens in Vienna and those of the residence of the Tyrolean Habsburgs in Ambras in Innsbruck . From 1921 these were administered by the federal gardens and subordinated to the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry .

With the amendment of the Monument Protection Act  1999, the federal gardens were placed under monument protection, whether its importance in constitutional rank . In 1965 the Constitutional Court had ruled that "Fields, avenues and parks and other such manifestations of the designed nature are not monuments."

However, when Schönbrunn Palace and its gardens were declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996, the legislature also began to rethink. In addition to the garden architecture , the gardens also include art-historical, horticultural and technically relevant objects, such as the palm house and the orangery in Schönbrunn, horticultural monuments and other garden inventory , or the water technology of the fountains ( water features ).

Today, the federal gardens, with around 25 million visitors annually, are among the most economically important monuments in Austria.

Head of the Federal Gardens

Headquarters in Schönbrunn

Friedrich Leo von Rottenberger (1921–1934) and Peter Fischer-Colbrie (1989–2003) are among the former heads of the federal gardens .

Brigitte Mang was director from March 2004 to mid-2016. In July 2016 she was succeeded by the previous horticultural school director Gottfried Kellner as interim director of the newly established center for garden culture .

The head of the federal gardens in Tyrol is Herbert Bacher.

tasks

The most important tasks of the federal gardens are garden management for the supervised facilities, as well as the care of the important plant collections.

Gardens of the Federal Garden Administration

In these gardens, the garden architecture - both living and structural - is maintained in cooperation with the Federal Monuments Office , and the garden regulations are maintained. They cover a total of almost 280  hectares , making them one of the largest monuments in Austria.

Scientific collections

  • the Schönbrunn orchid collection, which dates back to the time of Empress Maria Theresa and was created by Joseph von Jacquin . In the 19th century it was considered one of the best collections in Europe. After heavy losses in the war, the focus is now on endangered wild species, and around 10,000 individual plants from over 3,500 species and around 500 hybrids are currently being cultivated.
  • the plant collections of historical varieties in the glass houses in the Schönbrunn Palace Park and in the Belvedere Gardens, which are based on the scientific interest of the Habsburgs and were started as early as 1569 by Emperor Maximilian II . From 1660 cultivation was carried out in heated greenhouses, around 1800 over 4000 species were grown in 14 greenhouses, and around 1920, under Rottenberger, it was the second largest collection in Europe. Due to their value for biodiversity, they are not open to the public for safety reasons.

The Fockea crispa from Schönbrunn is considered to be the oldest potted plant in the world.

further activities

An important activity of the decoration department of the federal gardens is decoration for public institutions. Originally founded for this very purpose, the federal gardens, as in the Austro-Hungarian era, equip state banquets, receptions and events for the presidential chancellery , federal ministries and other public institutions. Plant rental has also become a mainstay.

In addition, the federal gardens are active in training ( gardener , apprenticeship).

literature

  • Peter Fischer-Colbrie : The federal gardens - living tradition . In: Ländlicher Raum - online specialist newspaper of the Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management, 2003 ( Archive 2003 ; doc , laendlicher-raum.at)
  • Otto Rinnerbauer: The Austrian federal gardens as a task; Conservation and use issues. In: R. Gälzer (Hrsg.): Historical gardens in the Danube region in the past and present . Seminar report, Vienna 1981 (= series of publications by the Institute for Landscape Planning and Garden Art at the Technical University of Vienna , vol. 1), p. 96 ff.
  • Friedrich Rottenberger : Development of the Austrian federal gardens in the war and post-war period. In: Gartenkunst , 38th year, 1925, p. 150 ff.
  • Friedrich Rottenberger: The Austrian federal gardens. In: Austrian Art. 3rd year 1938, 9th issue, p. 25 ff.

About the gardens:

  • Eva Berger : Historic Gardens of Austria: Vienna. Volume 3 of Historical Gardens of Austria: Gardens and parks from the Renaissance to around 1930. Böhlau Verlag Vienna, 2004, ISBN 978-3-205-99353-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Federal law with which the federal law regarding restrictions on the disposal of objects of historical, artistic or cultural importance (Monument Protection Act - DMSG) is changed. BGBl. I No. 170/1999 .
  2. ↑ "(Constitutional provision) Parks and gardens, which are listed in Appendix 2 attached to this federal law, are also monuments and thus matters of monument protection within the meaning of Art. 10 Para. 1 No. 13 with regard to those parts that consist of designed nature B-VG [di: Bundessache ]. ” Section 1, Paragraph 12 of the Monument Protection Act , as amended ( ris.bka ); List of names in Appendix 2, List of parks and gardens in accordance with Section 1, Paragraph 12 of the DMSG .
  3. ↑ Federal Law Gazette No. 140/1965 : Determination of the Constitutional Court on the competence to issue and enforce a law for the protection of objects of historical, artistic or other cultural importance (Monument Protection Act).
  4. ↑ See also Lisa Noggler, Christian Stadelmann, Judith Brocka: GrünInszenierungen Der Schönbrunn Palace Park. In: Karl Brunner, Petra Schneider (Hrsg.): Environment City: History of the natural and living space Vienna. Volume 1 of Wiener Umweltstudien , Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2005, p. 455, ISBN 978-3-205-77400-6 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  5. ↑ a b c lit. Fischer-Colbrie: The federal gardens - lived tradition
  6. ↑ Dipl.-Ing. Brigitte Mang , bundesgaerten.at
  7. ^ Courier: Federal gardens dissolved: Ombudsman checks . Article dated July 1, 2016, accessed August 17, 2016.
  8. ^ Federal Minister Rupprecht: New Center for Austria's Garden Culture . Article dated July 1, 2016, accessed August 17, 2016.
  9. ↑ Andreas Wetz: Federal gardens are not the bad guys. Interview. Federal Gardens Director Mang explains why park controls are necessary. In: Die Presse , July 2, 2007 diepresse.com ( Memento from January 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ "The orchid collection in Schönbrunn is one of the richest on the Continent." In: Österreichisches Botanisches Wochenblatt: non-profit organ for botany and botanists, gardeners, economists, foresters, doctors, pharmacists, etc. Techniker , Volume 4 Verlag Seidel, 1854, p. 317, on the new publication by JG Beer: Practical studies on the orchid family, along with instructions for cultivation and descriptions of all beautifully blooming tropical orchids. Carl Gerold & Sohn, Vienna 1854. ( Google eBook, full view ).
  11. ↑ The orchid collection , bundesgaerten.at
  12. ^ The orchid collection of the federal gardens . In: Schönbrunn Journal - News from the Palace, Wagenburg, Park, Tiergarten, Hofburg, Hofmobiliendepot and Schloss Hof , issue 4/2008, Vienna November 2008, Bundesgärten Aktuell , p. 3 ( pdf ( memento from December 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) , schoenbrunn.at).
  13. ^ E. Kaven:  Rottenberger, Friedrich Leo von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 9, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1483-4 , p. 294.
  14. ↑ plant collections and plant hire ( Memento of 24 December 2016 Internet Archive ) , www.bmlfuw.gv.at (Ministry of Life)
  15. ^ Botanical collections of the Federal Gardens Vienna-Schönbrunn. In: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg: Scientific contributions , edition 78, 1981, p. 199 ff
  16. ↑ The blooming and green decorations of the federal gardens , bundesgaerten.at
  17. ^ The apprenticeship training of the Austrian Federal Gardens , bundesgaerten.at

Coordinates: 48 ° 11 ′ 12.5 ″  N , 16 ° 18 ′ 31.5 ″  E