Colorful horsetail

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Colorful horsetail
Colorful horsetail (Equisetum variegatum)

Colorful horsetail ( Equisetum variegatum )

Systematics
Ferns
Class : Equisetopsida
Order : Horsetail (Equisetales)
Family : Horsetail Family (Equisetaceae)
Genre : Horsetail ( Equisetum )
Type : Colorful horsetail
Scientific name
Equisetum variegatum
Creep .

The colorful horsetail ( Equisetum variegatum ) is a species of the genus horsetail ( Equisetum ). It is called colorful horsetail because the black leaf sheaths with white teeth contrast with the green stem.

features

illustration
Colorful horsetail ( Equisetum variegatum )

The variegated horsetail is an evergreen herbaceous plant . The 2 to 3 millimeters thick, rough, upright shoots are branched at most at the base and reach a stature height of 10 to 40 centimeters. The internodes are green and have seven to nine ribs. The leaf sheaths are bell- to funnel-shaped, slightly protruding, the lower ones black, the upper ones green with a broad black transverse band. The vaginal teeth stand upright, free and do not fall off. The central cavity has a diameter of ¼ to ⅓ the diameter of the stem. The sporangial ear is 5 to 7 millimeters long, egg-shaped and pointed at the top. The sporangial shoots appear from April to August.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 216.

ecology

The colorful horsetail is a chamaephyte .

Occurrence

The distribution area of ​​the colorful horsetail is circumpolar . It is widespread from Eurasia to Greenland to North America . In Europe you can find it from the Arctic southwards to the Pyrenees , the Southern Alps and to Hungary and Romania . In Central Europe, the colorful horsetail is particularly widespread in the Alps and rises to an altitude of 2570 meters. In Central Europe, it is an arctic relic from the Würm Ice Age and is in decline in many areas today.

The colorful horsetail is a light-loving pioneer plant and grows particularly on sandy-gravelly river alluvions , in flat moors , in gravel pits on banks and in spring corridors . He is a Kennart the order Tofieldietalia.

Common names

The other common German-language names exist or existed for the colorful horsetail : wood grass ( Silesia ), sheep hay and Schlotter (Silesia).

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Founded by Werner Rothmaler . 9th completely revised edition. Volume 4: Vascular Plants: Critical Volume, Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8274-0917-9 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe, Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 .
  • Josef Dostál: Equisetaceae. In: Karl Ulrich Kramer (ed.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta. Founded by Gustav Hegi . 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume I. Part 1 Pteridophyta, Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1984, ISBN 3-489-50020-2 .
  • Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 1: Pteridophyta (Psilotaceae to Azollaceae). Akateeminen Kirjakaupa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1972.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Colorful horsetail. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 142. ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Bunter Horsetail ( Equisetum variegatum )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files