Kölpin Castle
| Kölpin Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 The Bürghügel (cultural monument until 1945) |
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| Alternative name (s): | Castrum Olden, Oldenburg, Cölpin Castle | |
| Creation time : | around 1300 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Castle hill | |
| Standing position : | Noble | |
| Place: | Kiełpino | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 57 '5.6 " N , 15 ° 26' 46.3" E | |
| Height: | 30 m npm | |
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The castle Kölpin (also castrum olden ) is a former medieval castle in Kiełpino ( Kölpin ) within the gryfice county of Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship .
location
The former Niederungsburg was to the right of the Kiełpino-Starniner Weg (about 3 km northeast of Kiełpino, 2 km west of Bębnikąt and 1.5 km southwest of Starnin ) not far from a crossing over the Mołstowa . It was built as a bank castle in today's Starniner area, about 50 m from the south bank of the Mołstow. The castle hill, which is now wooded, is located on a swampy wet meadow.
history
The Manteuffel family is named as the builder of the castle . The origin of the old Manteuffel Castle or de olde Borch in Kölpin is probably around the year 1300: In 1315, the committed Knight Heinrich, Michael and Gerhard in ville Culpin the Camminer cathedral chapter for one of the Premonstratensians from Belbuck given fiefs the tithe - 2 Marks per year to be paid. The family probably acquired the property shortly before 1300. The Kölpin tribe of the family has its origin here. Due to the large extension of the surrounding properties of 27 km², the land around the old castle was also called terra Culpin .
The monastery at Belbuck, with its rich estates and extensive feudal relationships, was often involved in feuds. So also with the Manteuffel on Kölpin, who, according to chroniclers of the time, often plundered the monastery properties. In 1432 it was Züleß von Wedel auf Rützenhagen and Heinrich von Manteuffel who undertook a foray into the possessions of the monastery and that of Wachholz . Wedel and his servants were captured near the village of Molstow , but Heinrich Manteuffel managed to escape.
So Abbot Nikolaus called his monastery subjects to arms, including rifles , against Manteuffel's Castle in Cölpin . On the morning of June 29th, the castle was destroyed in 1432 by monks of the Belbuck monastery under the leadership of the lay brother Johann Svaldecke and the help of citizens of the cities of Kolberg and Treptow , where Heinrich Manduvel and Johann Svaldecke were killed. The monastery celebrated the victory, which was commemorated annually with a high mass and the hospitality of twelve poor. However, Belbuck Abbey subsequently condemned the all-encompassing plundering by Treptow citizens, who themselves removed the field stones from the masonry of the castle in order to build the Kolberger Tor in Treptow.
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| An old Lubin map shows in the illustration below right, the no longer existing Kolberger Tor, built from stones from the castle, the second gate at the end of the Bollenburg, the next suburb after the Colberg side, in front of the bridge over the second arm of Rega was built . |
The destruction of the castle enraged the lords of Wolgast , Barth and Rügen ( Barnim VII. And his cousins Barnim VIII. And Swantibor IV. ) So much that they got into feud with the Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw and in 1434 forbade him to travel through their lands.
Stories and legends
A multitude of sagas, stories and legends have grown up around the former Manteuffelburg. One of them described the headquarters as a retreat from frequent raids. Its location in the middle of an unfathomable marshland, which could only be passed by a narrow path ( Knüppeldamm ), which was only known to the initiated, proved to be a safe shelter for a long time:
“When the raids got out of hand, however, the cities of Treptow and Kolberg came to an agreement and went out with numerous people to destroy the robber's nest and exterminate the predatory family. - Somebody must have found himself after all who betrayed the staircase through the swamp, because the castle was stormed and all of Manteuffel's were killed, except for a small rung, which was carried away by a maid in an apron and thus saved. When the townspeople called about what she was wearing in her apron, the maid is said to have called back: de Düwel (the devil). "
“The child […] was brought to the abbot who took care of him. The boy's nurse is said to have shown the besiegers a hidden door through which they alone managed to get into the castle. In doing so, she had stipulated that the baby should be protected, which was promised and kept. "
Other sources report:
“When the castle was stormed, all male members of the sex were slain except for one boy who was hiding. He, too, was looked for to kill; but all searches were in vain. Finally they let go of him with the words: Let the Düwel open! "
Description of the plant
Since its storming and destruction in the late Middle Ages , the robber baron's castle lay in desolation. Their remains rose from the meadow as a hill with a diameter of about 150 m overgrown with various trees and bushes. Around 1900 a deepening - the former moat - and the remains of the old castle wall, consisting partly of large boulders and clay, could be seen. The length of the wall was about 15 m. It was 2 m high and 2 m thick. There were also a large number of stones scattered near the wall. Until 1945 there were fewer and fewer remains of the castle complex at that time. The heap of rubble was even driven further and further by residents in order to use it as meadow fertilizer. In order to prevent the complete dismantling of the hill, the castle hill was placed under civil protection as a cultural asset before 1945.
In 1936 there were still remains from the former castle ruins in what was then the Treptower District Local History Museum. Including two stone balls measuring 25 cm in diameter, some roof tiles, remains of mortar and charcoal, bones and an iron battle ax.
gallery
General view of the castle hill
Boulder on the Bürghügel
Remnants of bricks in the hill
Boulder at the foot of the hill (in the background: morass)
See also
literature
- Manfred Vollack : The Kolberger Land. Its cities and villages. A Pomeranian homeland book. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 1999, ISBN 3-88042-784-4 , pp. 359-360.
Web links
- Starnin - zamek "Manteuffelburg"
- Grodzisko Starnin on ziemiagryfa.org.pl
- Główny Urząd Statystyczny: Portret miejscowości statystycznych w gminie Brojce (powiat gryficki, województwo zachodniopomorskie) w 2010 r. stat.gov.pl
Footnotes
- ↑ Związek Miast and Gmin Dorzecza Parsęty. Pomeranian Family Tour Guide parseta.org.pl (PDF; 9.3 MB, Polish,). P. 34.
- ^ Perthes: History of Rügen and Pomerania. Volume 2, Part 1, 1843, p. 94. books.google.de
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania. Part II, Volume 1, Stettin 1784, pp. 418-419, No. 15. books.google.de
- ↑ Baltic Studies Volume 2, p. 33. books.google.de
- ^ Karl Koppmann : The Recesse and other files of the Hanseatic Days from 1256-1430. Volume 1 from Hanserecesse, 1970.
- ↑ Jodocus Donatus Hubertus Temme : The folk tales of Pomerania and Rügen. 1840, p. 97. books.google.de
- ^ Association for local history and home protection Treptow (Rega): Heimatklänge. No. 11, 13th year, Verlag R. Marg, Treptow 1936.
- ^ Association for local history and home protection Treptow (Rega): Heimatklänge. No. 2, 5th year, Verlag R. Marg, Treptow 1928.
- ↑ Former Kreis-Heimatmuseum, Treptow: Catalog I, No. 107, 112 and 113.