Vysoký Chlumec Castle
| Vysoký Chlumec Castle | ||
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.jpg) View from the southwest |
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| Alternative name (s): | Hoch-Chlumetz Castle | |
| Creation time : | 14th Century | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Place: | Vysoký Chlumec | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 37 '1.1 " N , 14 ° 23' 32.6" E | |
| Height: | 526 m nm | |
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The castle Vysoký Chlumec (German Hoch-Chlumetz ) is located east of the minor town Vysoký Chlumec in the Okres Příbram in the Czech Republic .
location
The castle is located on the Chlumec granite hill between the valleys of the Libíňský potok and Chlumecký potok in the Central Bohemian hill country. To the east is the village of Vápenice, to the southeast is the settlement of Pod Zámkem, to the south is the Vysoký Chlumec brewery and to the north-west of the Skanzen Vysoký Chlumec.
history
It is believed that the castle was built at the end of Charles IV's reign . The first written mention was made in 1382 in connection with the burgrave Zbyněk. In 1385 King Wenceslaus IV bequeathed the Chlumec Castle with the associated villages of Chlumec and Víska to his favorite Purkart Strnad von Janovice. In 1405 Peter von Janovice was one of the signatories of the protest document of the Bohemian nobility to the Council of Constance against the burning of Jan Hus ; in the Battle of Lipan in 1434 he fought on the side of the moderate coalition. Emperor Sigismund then pawned several villages around Chlumec that had formerly belonged to the monastery of St. George at Prague Castle . In the middle of the 15th century, the Chlumetz estates comprised two estates, 16 hereditary villages and several forests. Jan Burkart Jenec ( Johann Burkhard Genetz ) from Janovice and Petersburg sold the Chlumec domain in 1469 to Bedřich Ojíř von Očedělice. He sold the Chlumec Castle with the town of Sedlec and the associated villages in 1474 to Johann Popel von Lobkowiczens widow Anna, née Švihovská von Riesenberg . Her son Děpolt, who owned the rule from 1476, was also able to inherit the former monastery villages and also acquired the Sedlčany and Křepenice goods from the Lords of Rosenberg as pledge , which were later released again. In 1490 there was a division of property between Děpolt Popel von Lobkowicz and his brothers Václav and Ladislav, in which the latter received the goods Sedlčany and Miličín and half of Chlumec. Děpolt acquired the North Bohemian rule Bílina in 1502 and relocated his seat there; Ladislav died in 1505, so that Václav Popel von Lobkowicz became the sole owner of Chlumec.
After Václav's death in 1532 his nephew Ladislav (1502–1584), a son of his brother of the same name, inherited the Chlumec reign. The court marshal, president of the court of appeal and chief steward was able to expand his property to include the lords of Jistebnice and Krásná Hora nad Vltavou . Ladislav Popel von Lobkowicz had four sons. In 1595 his son Zdeněk Vojtěch Popel von Lobkowitz received the Chlumec rule. After the death of Jakob Krčín from Jelčany in 1604 he bought the Křepenice manor with the town of Sedlčany, his wife Polyxena bought the Počepice manor in 1609 , which was then incorporated into the Chlumec manor. During the class revolt, Zdeněk Vojtěch Popel von Lobkowitz became the secular leader of the Bohemian Catholics and fled Bohemia in 1619, after which his property was confiscated. After the battle of the White Mountain in 1621 he got his goods back. In addition, in 1623, Zdeněk Vojtěch Popel von Lobkowitz acquired the goods of Čachořice, Kamýk nad Vltavou , Nedrahovice , Obděnice and Skoupý, which were confiscated from the property of Protestants , and later also the Nové Dvory estate. In 1628 Zdeněk Vojtěch's widow Polyxena inherited the rule, she made the Roudnice nad Labem Castle, inherited from her first husband Wilhelm von Rosenberg , her main seat and entrusted her only son Wenzel Eusebius with the management of her property. The town of Sedlčany, the towns of Chlumec, Sedlec, Krásná Hora nad Vltavou and Kamýk nad Vltavou and 90 villages are listed in the land register of the Chlumec manor and their purchased goods from 1637. Two breweries, four shepherds, six mills, a brickworks, a sawmill, 54 ponds and 829 properties belong directly to the castle. In 1640 Wenzel Eusebius raised the rule to a family entourage. In 1677, Wenzel Eusebius' son Ferdinand August von Lobkowicz inherited the rule. The subsequent owners of the estate were from 1715 to 1734 Philipp von Lobkowicz and from 1739 Ferdinand Philipp Joseph von Lobkowicz. This lived mostly outside of Bohemia and left the management of the rule entirely to his officials, who took advantage of this. After a peasant revolt against the arbitrariness of the Chlumetz officials broke out in Sedlčany and the surrounding villages, the emperor August von Lobkowicz appointed all the goods of his inept uncle to be the administrator. From 1784 to 1816 the reign belonged to Joseph Franz von Lobkowicz and from 1816 to Ferdinand Joseph von Lobkowicz.
In 1845, the Fideikommissherrschaft Hoch-Chlumetz with the allodial goods Skregssow, Hoysin and Přičow included a usable area of 31874 yoke 1447 square fathoms. Of these, 29950 yoke, 243 square fathoms, belonged to the Chlumetz rule , 1453 yoke 1440 square fathoms to the Skreyschow and Hoyschin estate, and 470 yoke 1364 square fathoms to the Přičowé Luhy estate . There were 167 ponds, 114 of which belonged to the authorities, 14 shepherds and 25 farms, 11 of which were leased. The lordship managed six forest areas: Welletin, Obenitz, Mečow and Křepenitz, Chlumetz, Kamaik, Skregssow. There were also six hunting grounds: Welletin, Obenitz, Mečow and Křepenitz, Chlumetz and Markusrevier, Kamaik, Skregssow. A total of 17,591 people lived on the rulership, including 56 Israelite families. The main source of income was agriculture.
To power high-Chlumetz included the humble town Seltmann Chan , the town of Sedlec ( Sedlec ), the market towns Chlumetz , Kamaik , Schoenberg , the villages Auklid ( Úklid ) Aukřstalow ( Oukřtalov ) Baudy ( Boudy ) Bražna ( Bražná ) Busitz ( Buzice ), Lhota Blahowa ( Bláhova Lhota ), Pleschicht ( Plešiště ), Poreschitz ( Pořešice ), Rowin ( Rovina ), Skuhrow ( Skuhrov ), Wiska ( Víska ), Wapenitz ( Vápenice ), Solopisk ( Solopysky ), Dubitzek , Lhotitz Břekova Lhota ) Chramost ( Chramosty ) Lichow ( Líchovy ) Zwirotitz ( Zvírotice ) Křepenitz , Prziwosetz ( Přívozec ) Zabiehlitz ( Záběhlice ) Sollenitz , Hostownitz ( Hostovnice ) Lhota Schwastalowa ( Švastalova Lhota ) Podmok ( Podmoky ) Prautkowitz ( Proudkovice ) Tisownitz ( Tisovnice ) Wletitz ( Vletice ) Zhorž ( Zhoř ) Lhota Kaubalowa ( Koubalova Lhota ) Podschepitz , Radeschin ( Radešín ) Ratiboř, Nalesych ( Nálesí ) Wodierad ( Voděrady ) Wohrada ( Ohrada ) , Obenitz ( Obděnice ), Lhota Wilaso wa ( Vilasova Lhota ), Lhota Žemličkowa ( Žemličkova Lhota ), Skaupy ( Skoupý ), Nechwalitz , Libschitz ( Libčice ), Mokřan ( Mokřany ), Mezny ( Mezný ), Březy ( Březí ), Chváštila ( Chváří ), Hwalustila ( Chváštila ) Řditz ( Ředice ) Rzeditschky ( Ředičky ) Křemenitz ( Křemenice ) Bratřegow ( Bratřejov ) Bratržikowetz ( Bratříkovice ) Radeschitz ( Radešice ) Brod, Chodkow ( Hodkov ) Jessenitz , Boor ( boron ), Daublowicky ( Doublovičky ) Kamenitz ( Kamenice ), Martinitz ( Martinice ), Miskow ( Myslkov ), Nedrahowitz , Neuhof ( Nové Dvory ), Trkow ( Trkov ), Podhay ( Nedrahovické Podhájí ), Ratsch ( Radeč ), Rudoletz ( Rudolec ), Daubrawitz ( Doubravice ), Libin ( Libíň ), Podhoř, Mieschetitz ( Měšetice ), Schanowitz ( Šanovice ), Suschetitz ( Sušetice ), Welletin ( Veletín ), Wratkow ( Vratkov ), Minartitz ( Minartice ), Hrachow ( Hrachov ) and Habrzi ( Hrabří ).
During the German occupation, the castle and brewery belonging to Max Lobkowicz were confiscated by the Germans and an authority of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was established at the castle . Max Lobkowicz got his property back after the end of the Second World War and was again expropriated by the communists in 1948. Because of its importance as an art historical monument, the castle was then placed under the administration of the State Monument Preservation. The castle initially used this as a depot for listed furniture from other nationalized castles and palaces. After renovation, it was made accessible to the public and an exhibition on regional history was set up.
After the Velvet Revolution, the Lobkowicz family received the castle back in 1992 in restitution. In 1998 it was sold to Riprand Graf von und zu Arco-Zinneberg , who has lived there since then - next to Castle Moos in Lower Bavaria and Sankt Martin im Innkreis in Upper Austria. Vysoký Chlumec Castle is no longer open to the public.
investment
The original castle complex with an irregular square floor plan and a small inner courtyard comprised two residential wings on the west and east sides. Access was via a drawbridge through today's west gate. In the second half of the 15th century, the Lobkowitz boogers had the castle redesigned and expanded. A new courtyard and another entrance with a drawbridge were built on the south side.
After 1668, Wenzel Eusebius von Lobkowicz commissioned his builder Antonio della Porta with the construction of a large palace to replace the castle. This plan was not implemented after Wenceslaus Eusebius' death. In 1678, Della Porta had to make some modifications to the west gate with little effort and replace the drawbridge with a stone arch bridge.
The castle has not undergone any major alterations since the 18th century. This retained its medieval appearance with two courtyards, the high hall and the tower.
Web links
- Vysoký Chlumec Castle on hrady.cz
- Description on castles.cz
- History of the castle on vysoky-chlumec.cz