Krásná Hora nad Vltavou
| Krásná Hora nad Vltavou | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Příbram | ||||
| Area : | 3680 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 36 ' N , 14 ° 16' E | ||||
| Height: | 434 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,107 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 262 56 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Kamýk nad Vltavou - Milevsko | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 11 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jiří Urban (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Krásná Hora nad Vltavou 90 262 56 Krásná Hora nad Vltavou |
||||
| Municipality number: | 540552 | ||||
| Website : | www.krasna-hora.cz | ||||
Krásná Hora nad Vltavou , until 1948 also Krásná Hora u Sedlčan (German Schönberg an der Moldau , formerly Schönberg ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located 19 kilometers north of Milevsko and belongs to the Okres Příbram .
geography
Geographical location
Krásná Hora nad Vltavou is on the left above the basin of the Pivoňka brook in the Central Bohemian hill country. To the northwest lies the Vltava valley flooded with the Kamýk reservoir , and to the east the Brzina valley . Brtevník (453 m) rises to the north, Lukšův vrch (474 m) and Zajícův vrch (521 m) to the northeast, Borek (471 m) and Hvozd (484 m) to the east, Homole (517 m) to the south-east ) and Bukovec (554 m), south of Strážník (524 m) and Dubina (484 m), in the south-west of Bor (434 m), west of Kobyla (435 m) and in north-west of Mrázov (408 m), Na Krámcích (449 m) and the Zhořský vrch (460 m). State road II / 102 runs through the town between Kamýk nad Vltavou via Kovářov to Milevsko , from which the state road II / 118, which leads via Petrovice to Milevsko, branches off.
Community structure
.jpg)
The city Krasna Hora nad Vltavou consists of the districts Hostovnice ( Hostownitz ), Krasna Hora nad Vltavou ( Schoenberg on the Vltava ), Krašovice ( Kraschowitz ) MOKRICE ( Mokerschitz ) Plešiště ( Pleschischt ) Podmoky ( Podmok ) Švastalova Lhota ( Schwastal Lhota ), Tisovnice ( Tisowitz ), Vletice ( Wiletitz ), Vrbice ( Wirbitz ) and Zhoř ( Shorsch ), the settlements of Proudkovice ( Prautkowitz ) and Žákovec ( Zakowetz ) as well as the layers of Cihelna, Červený Mlýou podánský Důl, Mlýou podánský Důl, Mlýnýn, Krasný Horl , Mrázova, Smrčí, U Pivoňků and U Svatošů.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral areas Krásná Hora nad Vltavou, Krašovice, Mokřice, Plešiště, Podmoky, Proudkovice, Švastalova Lhota, Tisovnice, Vletice and Zhoř nad Vltavou.
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns are Žákovec, U Kodeta, Řadovy, Selná, Chadimův Mlýn, Brzina and Bražná in the north, Smetákův Mlýn, Smrčí, Tisovnice and Plešiště in the north-east, Bláhova Lhota and Vletřnice in the east, Mezhova and Vletřnice in the east, U Papešovyovy Southeast, Vrbice, Jalovčí, Na Třepené, Sychrov and Onen Svět in the south, Zadní Chlum, Kosobudy, Cihelna, Podmoky and Milešov in the southwest, Mariánský Důl, U Svatošů, V Jahodném, Přední Chlum in the west and Mráz Northwest.
history
The hill was Strážník since the 10th century an important sentries on the border of the Gaus Přemyslid Kamýk. A Goldseifner settlement was probably built in the 13th century at the northern foot of the hill. The church was built probably at the end of the 13th century after King Wenceslas II had ceded church patronage to the Mühlhausen monastery in the royal lords of Kamýk and Krásná Hora in 1285 . At that time, royal gold mines were built near Krásná Hora and Pomuk ( Podmoky ), and the settlement of miners was made a mountain town by Queen Elisabeth .
.jpg)
The first written mention of the place called Formossus vol pulcher Mons in Latin scripts was on January 11, 1341, when King John of Bohemia confirmed the privileges of the mountain patch. King Johann had gold coins minted from the ores of the royal gold mines. During Johann's reign, Schönberg was elevated to the status of a royal mountain town and received numerous privileges, which were confirmed by Charles IV on January 11, 1351 . The first evidence of the church was made in 1350 in a directory of parish churches of the Vltava deanery. In 1412 the Mühlhausen abbot held the church patronage, and at the same time owned the Prague dean of St. Aegidius a share of the church property.
The golden age of Schönberg gold mining was in the 15th and 16th centuries; the shafts reached a depth of almost 100 meters. On December 1, 1458, King George of Podebrady confirmed the privileges of the mountain town; further confirmations were made in 1479 by Vladislav Jagiello and in 1538 by Ferdinand . The decline of Schönberg began in the middle of the 16th century. In 1554 Schönberg lost its status as a royal mountain town; associated with this was the loss of essential rights and privileges as well as the fall into subservience. King Ferdinand sold the town in 1556 to Jan Vorel, who had a fortress with deep moats built at his court. Resistance arose against the new landlord, which culminated in an open uprising in 1559. In the process, Vorel's ponds were drained and fished, the mill destroyed, the harvest destroyed, the fields not tilled, the windows thrown in and its forests smashed. Vorel took legal action against his subjects, with some people sentenced to long prison terms, but most of them could not be proven. Over a period of five years, Vorel's property was repeatedly damaged without his knowing how to counteract it. After that, Vorel gave up the festivities and left Schönberg forever.
.jpg)
King Ferdinand sold the Schönberger Bergwerke to Christoph Sylwar von Silberstein in 1562. As a result of the collapse of the mines, the town became impoverished. In the second half of the 16th century, Ladislav Popel von Lobkowicz acquired the Schönberg rule. The Thirty Years' War brought Schönberg to complete decline. In 1640, Wenzel Eusebius von Lobkowicz had the Schönberg reign combined with Hoch-Chlumetz and raised it to a family entourage. Between 1700 and 1712 there was a brief resumption of mining operations. In 1731 the badly dilapidated church was repaired, the wooden tower was removed and replaced by a stone one. In 1744 the Bohemian Queen Maria Theresa granted the town a privilege to hold annual markets. In 1787 the Church of St. Nicholas again raised to the parish church. Emperor Josef II granted Schönberg additional market privileges in 1797. The school was built in 1822. In 1838 the church had to be closed because of the risk of collapse; on the morning of February 26, 1839, it collapsed with a loud roar and the town sank in a cloud of dust. In 1839 the Václavka mine was added to the southwest of Schönberg in the direction of Milešov.
The market town of Schönberg / Krasna Hora in the Berauner district consisted of 83 houses with 743 inhabitants in 1845. The school and parish were under stately patronage. In addition, there was a Meierhof, a sheep farm, three taverns and 23 businesses in Schönberg. The main source of income was agriculture. The place had the privilege of holding three annual markets. The mills Swatosch, Piwonka, Za Luhy and U Kodeta belonged to Schönberg. Schoenberg was vicarage for Kraschowitz ( Krašovice ) Wirbitz ( Vrbice ) Zakowetz ( Žákovec ) Bražna ( Bražná ) Hostownitz ( Hostovnice ) Lhota Schwastalowa ( Švastalova Lhota ) Podmok ( Podmoky ) Prautkowitz ( Proudkovice ) Tisownitz ( Tisovnice ) , Wletice ( Vletice ) and Zhorž ( Zhoř ). Until the middle of the 19th century, Schönberg remained subject to the Fideikommissherrschaft Hoch-Chlumetz with the allodial goods Skregssow, Hoysin and Přičow .
After the abolition of patrimonial Krásná Hora / Schönberg formed a market town in the Votice district and the judicial district Sedlčany from 1850 . From 1868 Krásná Hora belonged to the Selčan District . The post office was built in 1869. In 1859 the Anna mine was opened near the Václavka mine. A gold pebble deposit was discovered at Strážník in 1867. In the second half of the 19th century, the mining entrepreneur Josef Vang from Kňovice bought the Anna and Václavka mines and opened another mine, the Kateřina mine, northwest of Jamný. The object of modern mining, however, was not gold, but the large quantities of antimony ores in which the medieval miners had shown no interest. In 1871 Vang had to sell his mines to Emanuel Kittl, the Prague entrepreneur and father of the singer Ema Destinová . Kittl opened the Jindřiška mine near Proudkovice, the Marie and Neuschacht ( Nová šachta ) mines west of the Krásná Hora market , the Otto mine near the Krásná Hora farm and the Puš mine east of the Krásná Hora market in 1900. He had ore processing plants built near the Jindřiška and Marie mines. The excavations of the Otto pit reached a depth of 134 m, that of the Marie of 156 m and on the Jindřiška 285 m.
In 1881 700 miners were employed in the mines and gold soaps around Krásná Hora. 1200 quintals of antimony and 25 kilograms of amalgam were extracted and 25 quintals of gold gravel with a gold content of 150 grams per hundredweight was soaped. This was also the highest output in the mining history of Krásná Hora. From 1884 on, gold pebbles were mined underground in addition to antimony ores.
Opposite the church, the new community school was built in 1895. The current place name Krásná Hora nad Vltavou was introduced on April 2, 1907 to distinguish it from other places called "Krásná Hora". However, the place was mostly referred to as Krásná Hora u Sedlčan . In 1932 the town of Krásná Hora u Sedlčan had 800 inhabitants. In 1948 Krásná Hora sank to the village. After the Okres Sedlčany was abolished, Krásná Hora was assigned to the Okres Příbram in 1960. In 1961 Plešiště, Tisovnice, Vletice (with Hostovnice), Zhoř (with Břehy, Švastalova Lhota and Žákovec), on April 1, 1976 Podmoky (with Proudkovice) and on January 1, 1980 Krašovice (with Cihelna, Červený Mlýn and Vrbice) incorporated. The settlement of Břehy was flooded with the Kamýk reservoir .
Since February 29, 2012 Krásná Hora nad Vltavou has city rights again. The largest company is ZD Krásná Hora as, which deals with plant and animal production and operates its own biogas plant.
Culture and sights
.jpg)
- Neo-Romanesque Church of St. Nikolaus, it was built between 1850 and 1855 in place of the previous Gothic building that collapsed in 1839
- Stone line on the ring, the late Gothic grain size was repaired in 1822 and is a unique technical monument
- Town hall with town hall tower, the tower was raised in 1933
- Baroque Marian column on the ring, erected in 1772. The upper part was redesigned in 1860. In 1862 the column received a new gilded statue of the Virgin which was cast in the Rožmitáler ironworks. The original wooden Madonna is in the house chapel of the inn No. 41
- Memorial for the September 5, 1929 at Přední Chlum during a maneuver in the collision of two aircraft fatally injured three pilots, unveiled in 1930 on the ring
- Memorial to the fallen of the First World War, it has a height of 4.50 m
- Relics of the former mining industry
Sons and daughters of the church
- Václav Zelotýn z Krásné Hory, also Venceslaus Zelotynus de Formoso Monte (1532–1585), natural scientist, physician and professor at the Charles University in Prague
- Stanislav Kofroň (1919–2009), folklorist, born in Vletice
- Jaroslav Kofroň (1921–1966), horn player and composer, born in Vletice
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/540552/Obec-Krasna-Hora-nad-Vltavou
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, vol. 16 Berauner Kreis, 1849, p. 173