Hluboš
| Hluboš | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Příbram | ||||
| Area : | 1207.32 hectares | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 45 ' N , 14 ° 1' E | ||||
| Height: | 475 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 622 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 262 22 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Příbram - Jince | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jiří Čajan (as of 2015) | ||||
| Address: | Hluboš 3 262 22 Hluboš |
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| Municipality number: | 540242 | ||||
| Website : | www.hlubos.eu | ||||
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Hluboš (German Hlubosch ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located seven kilometers north of the city center of Příbram and belongs to the Okres Příbram .
geography
Hluboš is located on the right side above the valley of the Litavka in the southern foothills of the Hřebeny ( Brdykamm ). To the north of the village lies the valley of the Hlubošský creek. In the north rise the Hořice (541 m nm), the Obora (486 m nm), the Starý vrch (620 m nm) and the Písek (691 m nm), northeast of the Holý vrch (632 m nm), the Provazec (639 m nm) and the Malý vrch (628 m nm), in the east the Malý Chlum (591 m nm), to the south-east the Dráska (527 m nm) and in the north-west the Krsov (500 m nm) and the Prašivý vrch (494 m nm). The Hřebeny Nature Park stretches to the north and the Lhotka game reserve to the east. State road II / 118 between Příbram and Jince runs through Hluboš .
Neighboring towns are Medalův Mlyn, Bílá Huť Čenkov , Běštín and Komorsko in the north, Hřebeny, Náves and Malá Buková in the Northeast, Chlum, Vršek and Pičín the east, Dlouhá Lhota , Suchodol the southeast, LihA and Žírovy the southeast, Loudilka, Kardavec and Pičínský Mlýn in the south, Zděný Mlýn and Lhota u Příbramě in the southwest, Bratkovice and Paďousy in the west and Dominikální Paseky, Jince and Královky in the northwest.
history
The area around Hluboš belonged to the territory of the Slavnikids until 995 . Later the Přemyslids left the area to the Vladiks of Buzice . In Hluboš, long before the Valdek Castle was built in 1240, there was a wooden fortress fortified with palisades on the old trading path leading along the Litavka through the Brdy. The village of Hluboš arose north of the fortress between the Obora and Jedlina hills in the valley of the Hlubošský creek. From this period, in addition to several villages in Hořovice also Lhota Hlubošská and Tašenička (at Pičín) as a prebend of St. Veit provost listed. It can be assumed that Lhota Hlubošská originally belonged to the holdings of the Hluboš Fortress and was later separated from it. At the end of the 13th century, the village of Jesenička can be found among the St. Veiter prebends. From 1289 the Pičín pastor received the tithe from Jesenička and therefore applied for the exemption of the subjects there from their obligations towards the Hluboš court of the Zajíc of Valdek . Jesenička became extinct before 1580, the location of the village is believed to be south of Hluboš on the Jesenice meadow . Lhota Hlubošská was last mentioned in 1320 when King John of Luxembourg exchanged the village for the Prague cathedral chapter. Some sources suggest that Lhota Hlubošská was on the site of the Náves farm; possibly it is also identical with Jesenička.
Hluboš was first mentioned in a document in 1355, when the villages of the Pičín parish were freed from subordination to the Hluboš court belonging to the Valdek castle. At the end of the 14th century, Hluboš was separated from the Valdek rule; as the first owner, Zbraslav of Hluboš, who, like the Zajíc of Valdek, probably also came from the Buzický family of Buzice, used the predicate of Hluboš . Around 1415 Oldřich von Drásovice and Hluboš owned the Hluboš estate, followed by his son Jan.
At the beginning of the Hussite Wars , the Catholic Hans von Kolowrat auf Liebstein tried to seize the rule of Příbram under the pretext of spreading Hussite ideas in Příbram and attacked the poorly fortified city. Under the command of Alšík and Absolon Kovařík, the Příbramians armed themselves and, with the support of the troops of Peter Zmrzlík, moved from Schweising to Hluboš. Between Čenkov and Hluboš there was a battle between 300 infantry and 18 horsemen on the Příbram side and 104 horsemen of Hans von Kolowrat on the V zabitých square in the Litavka valley at the foot of the Komorsko forest on September 8, 1422, the latter won. Kolowrat took 16 nobles and 115 Příbram citizens prisoner and took them to the Vitouň Castle . There were also 30 dead.
From 1455 the Hluboš manor belonged to Václav von Koněprus and from 1469 to Oldřich the Elder. J. von Drásovice and Hluboš. At the beginning of the 16th century, Jan Karel von Svárov acquired the Hluboš estate with Drahlín , Sádek , Bratkovice and Občov . His son Karel exchanged Hluboš with all accessories on May 5, 1542 with Petr Vamberský von Rohatec for the Otmíče estate with Libomyšl and Bavoryně as well as 400 Schock Bohemian groschen. Petr Vamberský had the fortress converted into a castle in 1546. His descendants sold the estate to Bedřich Hořčice von Prostý in 1475. From this, Wenzel Sturm von Hirschfeld acquired the Hluboš estate, which has belonged to the Vladiken Wtelensky von Wtelno since the end of the 16th century.
In 1611, in a fraternal dispute between Emperor Rudolf II and the Bohemian King Matthias II, the Passau soldiers under Laurentius Ramée invaded Bohemia in support of Rudolf II. After the expulsion of the mercenary army from Prague , their retreat via Pilsen was blocked by Bohemian nobles, so that Ramée chose the route south through the Litavka Gorge in March 1611. Almost at the same place where the battle of 1422 took place, the Bohemian estates under Heinrich Matthias von Thurn awaited the mercenary troops and dispersed them.
After the Battle of the White Mountain , the Hlubosch estate with the Sadek farm was confiscated from the property of Karl Wtelensky von Wtelno and sold to Wenzel Bechinie von Lazan in 1623 . In 1629 Magdalena Bechinie von Olbramovice acquired the Hlubosch manor and had the Nawes farm established. In 1636 she bequeathed half of it to her third husband Jan Humprecht von Račín and their children. As a result of the Thirty Years' War, Hlubosch was down; the old village had burned down, only a few chaluppen stood on the way from the castle to the Nawes farm. At the time of Leopold Račín von Račín, only 31 settlers lived in the entire rule, including two farmers and six Chalupners. After the end of the war, the Lords of Račín had a new ironworks and several iron hammers built northwest of Hlubosch on the Litavka. They brought German smiths and hammer workers as well as blacksmiths and nail smiths into the country to make iron. Opposite the hut, the forest on the left of the Litavka was cut and the new settlement Pasek was created, which was administered by the settlers themselves. Since it was on Dominikalgrund , it was called Dominikal-Pasek by the rulers . In the same way, the settlement of Teutsch-Pasek was established around 1636 , the residents of which worked in another ironworks that had stood in place of the Pičínský Mlýn. The new settlers remained free people who only did their work for a fee; only their children, born in the domain of rulership, became subjects subject to robots. In 1651, 280 people lived on the domain, compared to 141 in the village of Hlubosch. The new village of Hlubosch was laid out in the second half of the 17th century to the south and west of the castle, and the forest there was cleared. A large rectangular village square with two ponds was built to the southwest of the castle. The old desert village along the Hlubošský creek remained deserted and disappeared completely over time. There were two schools in the rule, a Czech one in Hlubosch and a German one in Dominikal-Pasek. When Christoph Humprecht von Račín divided the rule of Hlubosch into the castle and the village of Hlubosch and the villages of Bratkovice and Sádek with two farms in 1675, the consequences of the war had not yet been overcome. The castle was described as a very dilapidated stone building with a farm and village burned down by the Swedes. In 1705, Messrs. Bechinie von Lazan acquired both shares of the rule and reunited them. Until 1714 Hlubosch belonged to the Podbrder district, after which the rule became part of the Berauner district .
In 1740 Franz Carl Bechinie von Lazan, who was married to Katharina Hochberg von Hennersdorf , also acquired the Pitschin estate . In 1741 Johann Anton Hochberg von Hennersdorf took over both estates, with Hlubosch being the property of his wife Marie Bechinie von Lazan. In the 1770s, the Counts Hochberg von Hennersdorf Hlubosch and Pitschin merged into one rule Hlubosch. They had the palace redesigned in baroque style, as well as the park and a large greenhouse. Water was lifted from the Litavka to the "Bambousek" waterworks via a water ram, from where it was distributed to meet the needs of the castle and to drive a unique art of playing , the sounds of which were also demonstrated to Emperor Franz during a visit to the castle. The Counts Hochberg also had the Obora forest designed in a park-like manner with developed paths, an arbor, billiard table and a hermit's cave. Major von Vernier, an old war comrade of Count Hochberg, also lived at the castle as a permanent guest. In 1780 Hlubosch consisted of 47 houses and had about 400 inhabitants. In 1787 a restaurant was established in Hlubosch. With imperial approval, Anton Hochberg von Hennersdorf had the completely indebted rule played in a lottery on November 30, 1816 . The big ticket was drawn by a Viennese court saddler who immediately sold the rule to Otto Victor I von Schönburg-Waldenburg . Otto Victor established a health foundation in Hlubosch. In 1826 Prince Otto Victor sold the rule to his sister-in-law Louise Princess zu Schönburg-Hartenstein , née von Schwarzenberg , the wife of his brother Eduard. In 1835 Princess Louise sold the Hlubosch rule for 220,000 guilders to the former governor of the Prussian Principality of Neuchâtel , Ludwig von Pourtalès .
In 1846 the Hlubosch rule included the villages of Hlubosch, Bradkowitz , Drahlin , Sadek , Dominikal-Pasek ( Dominikální Paseky ), Pitschin and Teutsch-Pasek with a total of 2794 Czech-speaking residents, including seven Jewish families. The main sources of income were agriculture and livestock, mining, ironmaking, forestry, a small amount of pond farming and haulage services for the Příbram mining industry. The rule managed the six Meierhöfe Nawes, Hlubosch, Pitschin, Žírow, Teutsch-Pasek or Neuhof and Sadek, which with the exception of Teutsch-Pasek also included sheep farms. The stately forests were divided into the three forest districts Drahlin, Hlubosch and Pitschin. The dominion comprised a usable area of 6467 yoke 444 square fathoms; Of these, 3415 yokes, 135 square fathoms, belonged to the Hlubosch estate, the rest to the Pitschin estate. In the Točník Manor, the Hlubosch Manor in the Hraudy Forest ran a flourishing red iron stone mine with an average iron content of 40%. In addition, also outside the rulership area - on the Wigna ( Vojna ) in the area of the rulership of Wysoka-Kamenna in the mines Frisch Glück and Ludwig mining on Brauneisenstein. The stately blast furnace near Bradkowitz was out of order; Two stick and cain hammers worked on the litavka. There were 72 tradespeople on the territory, including numerous nail smiths . The village of Hlubosch or Hluboš , also called Hluboč , consisted of 71 houses with 654 inhabitants, including five Jewish families. Hlubosch was the seat of the administrative directorate and the shift office. Under the patronage of the authorities, the local church of St. Trinity, the locality and the school. The localist received 300 guilders from the religious fund. In the place there was also an official castle with a park, kitchen and orchard, an official brewery, an official farm, an official sheep farm and an inn. In Hlubosch there was a forest area that cultivated an area of 1258 yoke 1481 square fathoms. Hlubosch was the pastor for Bradkowitz, Sadek, Drahlin and Dominikal-Pasek. Until the middle of the 19th century, Hlubosch was the official village of the rule of the same name.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Hluboš / Hlubosch 1850 with the districts Dominikální Paseky, Paseky Německé, Bratkovice, Drahlín and Sádek a municipality in the judicial district Příbram. In 1855 the locality Hluboš was raised to a parish. In 1857, 731 people lived in the 78 houses in Hluboš. From 1868 the municipality belonged to the Příbram District . After the establishment of a school in Drahlín, the children from Drahlín and Sádek were retrained from Hluboš to Drahlín in 1871. In 1872 the von Pourtalès family sold the castle and the manor of Hluboš to Prince Karl zu Oettingen-Wallerstein . The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1887. Bratkovice, Drahlín and Sádek broke away from Hluboš in 1879, and Dominikální Paseky also became independent in 1921. In 1913 a new school building was built. In 1921 Hluboš had grown to 105 houses and had 784 inhabitants. At that time, 270 children were taught in six classes in the Hluboš School, of which 133 from Hluboš, 101 from Dominikální Paseky and 36 from Německé Paseky. In 1925, Hluboš was connected to the electricity network. In the same year, the princes of Oettingen-Wallerstein sold the large Hluboš estate with the castle and the Pičín, Náves and Žirovy farms to the Příbram factory owner Josef Kolařík († 1941). In 1932 there were 926 people in Hluboš (with Německé Paseky). The district Německé Paseky was renamed Kardavec in 1946 . Today the kindergarten and a primary school are housed in the school house.
Community structure
The municipality of Hluboš consists of the districts Hluboš ( Hlubosch ) and Kardavec ( Deutsch Passek ), which also form cadastral districts. To Hluboš also includes the monolayer Loudilka, Medalův Mlyn, Náves ( Nawès ) and Pičínský Mlyn.
Attractions
- Church of St. Trinity on the southwestern outskirts, it was built as a chapel on an elevated place above the village. It was first mentioned in 1651. Johann Anton Hochberg von Hennersdorf had the chapel , which had been provided by the castle chaplain , converted into a church in 1783 and in 1787 a localist was appointed. By imperial decree, the interior of the monastery chapel of St. Anthony in Pičín was assigned to the rule of Hluboš and moved to the new church. In 1855 it was elevated to a parish church. After the completion of the castle renovation, Prince Karl zu Oettingen-Wallerstein had the old church demolished down to the walls of the tower and a new nave built on March 28, 1877. The church was consecrated again on November 4, 1877.
- Hluboš Castle with the chapel dedicated to St. Cross and English Park, it was built in 1546 for Petr Vamberský from Rohatec in place of an old fortress. In the second half of the 18th century, the Count Hochberg von Hennersdorf converted it into a baroque palace. The three large parks laid out around 1800 by the Hochberg von Hennersdorf family were the first botanical gardens in Bohemia. After 1872, under Karl Fürst zu Oettingen-Wallerstein, the renovation was carried out in the neo-Renaissance style. The adjacent farm buildings with the brewery were demolished and the park was surrounded by a wall. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , the castle was the first summer residence of President TG Masaryk from 1920 to 1921 , who then moved into Lány Castle . In 1925 the Příbram entrepreneur Josef Kolařík bought the castle from the princes of Oettingen-Wallerstein . In 1948 the Kolařík family was expropriated and the chateau was nationalized. In the second half of the 20th century it was successively used as a political school, as a barracks , as a miners' residence for the Příbram uranium mines and as a vocational school. After the Velvet Revolution in 1992, the castle was restituted to descendants of Josef Kolařík . In 2001 an exhibition on the stays of TG Masaryk and Charlotte Garrigue in Hluboš was opened in parts of the castle . The castle is currently under reconstruction and is not accessible.
- Remains of the iron hammer Paďousy ( Pagaus ), west of the village on the Litavka
- Chapel in Kardavec
- Memorial stone to the battle near Hluboš in 1422, erected in October 1876
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/540242/Hlubos
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Hesperus: A national paper for educated readers. No. 17, March 1812, p. 129 digitized
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, vol. 16 Berauner Kreis, 1849, pp. 247-252
- ↑ 123/1947 Sb. Vyhláška ministra vnitra o změnách úředních názvů měst, obcí, osad a částí osad povolených v roce 1946
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/540242/Obec-Hlubos
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/540242/Obec-Hlubos