Březnice

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Březnice
Březnice coat of arms
Březnice (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Středočeský kraj
District : Příbram
Area : 1947 ha
Geographic location : 49 ° 34 '  N , 13 ° 57'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 33 '31 "  N , 13 ° 57' 15"  E
Height: 462  m nm
Residents : 3,523 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 262 72, 262 94
License plate : S.
traffic
Railway connection: Zdice – Protivín
Březnice – Strakonice
Březnice – Rožmitál pod Třemšínem
structure
Status: city
Districts: 6th
administration
Mayor : Ing.Petr Procházka (status: 2014)
Address: Náměstí 11
262 72 Březnice
Municipality number: 540013
Website : www.breznice.cz
Marketplace
Former synagogue
Březnice Castle

Březnice (German Bresnitz , formerly Preßnitz ) is a town in southern Bohemia. It is located 15 kilometers south of Příbram on the Vlčava . In 2005 the city had 3,639 residents and 787 companies.

history

Although it was first mentioned in 1224, archaeological finds have shown that the area was inhabited before. At the fortress, which was inhabited by the Lords of Bresnitz (Czech z Březnice), a settlement was built that grew again and again and was first mentioned in writing in 1327. The place was on the Goldener Steig trade route , which also reflected the importance of the gentlemen at the Prague court. For example, Budilav von Březnice was a member of the royal council from 1224 to 1240. Their rule ended at the beginning of the 15th century. The lands fell to the crown, which it then sold in 1415 to the highest mint master of the Bohemian kingdom, Peter Zmrzlík von Schweißing . As this follower of the Hussites , he lost the property shortly afterwards. The lords of Loxan were owners for a long time. After the battle of the White Mountain , the property passed into the hands of the Catholic Přibik Yenissek von Újezd, who in 1623 acquired the goods Plischkowitz, Sochowitz, Tochowitz and Rastel and attached them to Březnitz. In 1630 he built a Jesuit mission and later the Cathedral of St. Ignace and St. Franz Xaver. He endowed the Jesuit colleague established in 1640 with Gut Petrowitz in the Berauner Kreis and Meierhof Dubitz ( Xaverov ) near Altsattel-Hradek. Jan Josef von Újezd ​​made Březnice a fortified town. After Adaukt von Újezd ​​died without heirs , the imperial counts Kolowrat -Krakowsky inherited the allodial rule of Březnitz and the Fideikommissherrschaft Hradischt in the Pilsen district and the condition of incorporating the coat of arms and the continuation of the title of Baron von Ugezd . Johann Reichsgraf Kolowrat-Krakowsky, who died in 1775, initially appointed his widow Anna Maria Wratislaw von Mitrowitz as a beneficiary for life. Then in 1784 Joseph Maria Imperial Count Kolowrat-Krakowsky inherited the property, followed in 1829 by his son Johann Nepomucenus. This made Březnitz a center of art and culture. On May 28, 1839, a flood of the Wlčawa caused severe damage, in particular the Jewish town was devastated.

In 1840 the allodial rule of Březnitz in the Prachin district comprised an agricultural area of ​​11554 yoke 372 square fathoms. The rule managed seven farms in Březnitz, Kaupy, Bor, Watzikow, Sochowitz, Zliw and Lhotka; another at Doll was temporarily leased. In addition, seven sheep farms in Březnitz, Kaupy, Watzikow, Sochowitz, Zliw and Lhotka and Doll as well as the six forest districts Březnitz, Kahlberg, Gutwasser, Slawetin, Wrantschitz and Watzikow belonged to the rule. The rulership included the municipal and protective town of Březnitz, which itself owned 929 Joch 372 Quadratjoch, as well as the villages Bor, Gutwasser ( Dobrá Voda ), Martinitz ( Martinice ), Podčap , Bubowitz ( Bubovice ), Wolenitz , Kaupy , Slawietin ( Slavětín ), Zahroby , Leletitz ( Leletice ) Watzikow ( Vacíkov ) Plischkowitz ( Plíškovice ) Sochowitz ( Sochovice ) Rastel ( Ráztely ) Wosel ( OSLI ) Wrantschitz and Swuschitz ( Svučice ) and 30 houses of Hudschitz , seven houses of Pinowitz ( Pňovice ) and a house from Vorder- Poříčí ( Přední Poříčí ).

The town of Březnitz on the right bank of the Wlčawa was divided into the actual town with 87 houses and 820 inhabitants and the suburb with 114 houses and 946 inhabitants. They were under the jurisdiction of the Březnice magistrate. In contrast, the castle district on the left side of the Wlčawa with 25 houses and 210 inhabitants and the Jewish town of Lokschan with 22 houses and 187 inhabitants were directly under the rule. In the castle district there was the stately castle with the chapel of the Immaculate Conception, the offices of the economic office, the apartment of the administrative director, a farm, a sheep farm, a brewery, a hunter's house, a pheasant garden, a zoo and the empowered castle mill with a board saw. The Hegerhaus Weinberg was to one side. In the town there was a parish church dedicated to Saints under the patronage of the Altsattel-Hradek estate. Ignatius and Franz Xavier, the parish and a secondary school, furthermore the burial church of St. Rochus. In addition, there was a kuk aerial barracks, a city brewery and the new mill in the former Jesuit college . There was a synagogue in Lokshan. Březnitz was the parish for the villages of Bor, Gutwasser, Martinitz, Podčap, Chrast , Vorder-Pořschitz, Hinter-Pořschitz ( Zadní Poříčí ), Tochowitz , Lisowitz ( Lisovice ), Horčápsko , Altwasser ( Stará Voda ), Hořian ( Hořejany ), Altsattel- Hradek and Xaverow ( Xaverov ). Until the middle of the 19th century, Březnitz was the official seat of the Březnitz rule.

After the abolition of patrimonial Březnice / Březnitz formed a municipality and was the seat of the judicial district of Březnitz . From 1868 the city belonged to the Blatna district . In 1872 the Pálffy family acquired the estates that they owned until 1945. In the last quarter of the 19th century, the originally agricultural town became a small industrial town, mainly in the metalworking industry.

Districts

The districts of Bor ( Heid ), Dobrá Voda ( Gutwasser ), Martinice ( Martinitz ), Přední Poříčí ( Front Porschitz ) and Zadní Poříčí ( Hinterporschitz ) belong to the town of Březnice .

Town twinning

Attractions

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Březnice (Příbram District)  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. ↑ http://cuni.georeferencer.com/map/a0aPBdTFmkhGesLlLD6Qbf/201506151920-zGm2Ug/visualize
  3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 8 Prachiner Circle, 1840, pp. 76-84
  4. ↑ http://www.breznice.cz/partnerske-mesto-lindow/