Oberwallsee castle ruins

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Oberwallsee castle ruins
Oberwallsee Castle around 1674, engraving by GMVischer

Oberwallsee Castle around 1674, engraving by GMVischer

Creation time : from 1364 (founding deed)
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: ruin
Construction: Quarry stone masonry with partial use of bricks
Place: Feldkirchen on the Danube
Geographical location 48 ° 22 '6 "  N , 14 ° 3' 34"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 22 '6 "  N , 14 ° 3' 34"  E
Height: 365  m above sea level A.
Oberwallsee castle ruins (Upper Austria)
Oberwallsee castle ruins

The Oberwallsee castle ruins are the ruins of a hilltop castle at 365  m above sea level. A. above the Pesenbach valley in the Bad Mühllacken district of the Feldkirchen municipality in the Urfahr-Umgebung district in the Mühlviertel in Upper Austria . The castle was built between 1364 and approx. 1386 and converted into a palace around 1600. In the middle of the 18th century the stronghold and parts of the outer bailey were left to decay, and part of the latter was used as a small farm.

history

On October 30, 1364, Eberhard V. von Walsee, as governor above the Enns, received permission to build a castle on the Klausberg and to give it the name of the family. The land belonged to the Freudenstein lordship , which had also been owned by the Wallseer since 1333. The first building must have been largely completed in 1386 (consecration of the chapel) and was called Oberwallsee because his cousin Friedrich VI. von Walsee had built Niederwallsee Castle in Lower Austria as early as 1361 . Duke Albrecht V granted blood jurisdiction in 1415. In 1483, Reinprecht V, the last male from Wallsee, died, and the Schaunbergers owned the castle and estate through his daughter Barbara . Carers had already managed the castle under the Wallseers, the Schaunbergers handed the castle over to carer Christoph den Cammerer in 1501 , and to Kaspar Neuhauser in 1540 . After the Schaunbergs died out (1559), after lengthy inheritance disputes, Ferdinand I drafted the rule to the imperial court chamber as an endowment of the Colonel Hereditary Marshal's Office in Austria and in the following year 1560 it was given to Hans Hofmann Freiherrn zu Grünpichl and Strechau, who belonged to his family Oberwallsee until 1584 remained. In that year Ferdinand Hofmann sold Burgrave of Steyr the rule to his rentmaster Jobst I. Schmidtauer. He and his son of the same name had the medieval castle rebuilt into an early modern palace, probably also expanding the complex and rounding off the estate. In the course of Ferdinand II's counter-reformation measures, Hofmann's goods were confiscated from 1620 and the purchase contract of 1584 was canceled. In 1625, Jobst II had to cede the rule of Oberwallsee, which now fell to Prince Johann Ulrich von Eggenberg, Duke of Krumau . The administration was again carried out by carers who were subordinate to the princely administration in Krumau.

In 1717 the Eggenberg family died out with Johann Christian II. The main inheritance fell to Adam Franz von Schwarzenberg, but the Lords of Oberwallsee and Senftenberg as endowment goods from the Marshal's Office to Gundaker Thomas Starhemberg . The Starhemberg administration was subsequently relocated from Oberwallsee to Eschelberg , which meant that the former castle lost its function as an administrative center and was largely left to decay. Only part of the outer bailey (formerly Meierhof) remained in function as a small-scale property. In 1931 Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg sold the ruin and the associated grounds to Karl and Josefa Schütz, and in 1944 it was resold to Martin and Bertha Zierer. In 1958 the Prokisch-Frank family bought the ruins and property. Since that time, maintenance, restoration and backup work has been carried out.

construction

Parts of the main castle (2012)

The castle stands on the partly wooded Klausberg and has a built-up area of ​​4,300 square meters, of which 1,443 are in the stronghold and 2,857 in the outer bailey. The bastion is - dispensing with the traditional keep - from Palas , Chapel (hl Pancrazio.) And annexes which are annularly arranged around an inner courtyard. On the ground floor of the four-storey hall, which was built on a double-broken floor plan, there is a hall-like room, later provided with a brick vault, with a medieval belt arch made of house stones, which formerly supported the tram ceiling. On the floor above was the "dining room" with direct access to the chapel gallery and a terrace in front. The original castle chapel was a two-bay room with a three-eighth closure and a ribbed vault resting on tender services. A surrounding coffin cornice and the rich profile of the feet of the wall templates, as well as the belt arch of the hall, point to the castle's representational function. In the 18th century the interior of the chapel was made Baroque. The bailey is submitted to the stronghold in the south and west over approximately semicircular floor plan, is a partly as drywall trained Ringmauer edged and finished the north and east by a respective gate construction (the "rear gate construction" in the north is received, the "Front Gate building "in the area of ​​today's driveway collapsed in the middle of the 19th century). There were farm buildings along the ring wall, including the "Meierhof", which is now used as a residential building.

See also

literature

  • Wilhelm Götting, Georg Grüll : Castles in Upper Austria. In: OÖ series of publications. State Building Directorate Linz 21, Linz 1967.
  • Herbert Erich Baumert, Georg Grüll: Castles and palaces in Upper Austria. Mühlviertel and Linz. 3rd edition, Vienna 1988, pp. 61-64.
  • Oskar Hille: Castles and palaces of Upper Austria. Wilhelm Ennsthaler, 2nd edition 1992, Steyr, ISBN 3-850683-230 , o. P.
  • Feldkirchen on the Danube. Yesterday Today. 120 years of congregation. 20 years coat of arms. 10 years of market. Feldkirchen an der Donau 1995, pp. 16-20.
  • Bernhard Prokisch , Elfriede Frank, Wolfgang Prokisch: Oberwallsee in old views. Photo documents on the castle and ruins of Oberwallsee (KG Mühllacken, MG Feldkirchen an der Donau, VB Urfahr-Umgebung, Upper Austria). Oberwallsee 2010.

Web links

Commons : Ruine Oberwallsee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files