Burgstall Kögerl
| Burgstall Kögerl | ||
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.jpg) Burgstall Kögerl today |
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| Creation time : | probably second half of the 10th century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Place: | Vorchdorf - moss | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 57 '30 " N , 13 ° 58' 44.1" E | |
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The Burgstall Kögerl is a defunct Niederungsburg in the cadastral municipality of Moos von Vorchdorf in the Gmunden district of Upper Austria .
history
The medieval wooden castle was probably built in the second half of the 10th century. At the time of its establishment, the area was under the influence of the " Adalberones ", ie the Counts of Wels-Lambach . After the fall of this family of counts, their property was divided into three parts, one part went to the Lambach monastery , a second to the Würzburg monastery and a third to the Formbachers or their successors, the Styrian Otakars .
There is no reliable information about the origin of the Kögerl. The original name of the castle is also unknown. One assumption is that Kögerl belonged to Pillung , a ministerial of the Otakare and documented between 1170 and 1200. He is known as the first owner of Altpernstein Castle in the 12th century . In a land register from the monastery archive in Kremsmünster, which was only created in 1648/49, it is spoken of "from the Heussl and Grundt im Asang, called the Khögerl, so years ago from the Ober-Walterhoff in Pettenbacher Pfarr khomben". The property between the Alm and the Laudach , to which Kirchham and the Kögerl also belonged, may have come to the Pernstein rulership through pilling. Since he moved his seat from Kirchham (he or one of his ancestors is referred to as Pillung von Kirchham) to Pernstein, it may well be that the Kögerl was abandoned in the second half of the 12th century and then disappeared. According to this assumption, the Kögerl would be the forerunner of Pernstein. Further assumptions about the assignment and the downfall of Kögerl are derived from the downfall of the Count of Wels-Lambach, the feudal lord of Kögerl could therefore have perished with his master. Since this catastrophe can be dated back to the middle of the 11th century, this does not agree with the archaeological findings on Kögerl. A third hypothesis about Kögerl's fall relates to the Bohemian king Ottokar , who had numerous seats and castles broken to secure his power. However, this was only 100 years after the last datable excavation finds from Kögerl, so that this attempt at an explanation must remain just as hypothetical as the assumption that Kögerl was destroyed by an unknown local event.
Archaeological evidence
The Burgstall Kögerl is located at a narrow point which the Alm river has to overcome. It is located on a dominant point on the foothills of the Bäckerberg. The slope to the north to the Lederau is just as steep as the one to the east to the Alm. The castle plateau is divided into a ridge that initially rises in the form of a ramp and is flattened at the top, and a plateau step in front of it, with the front plateau being separated from the higher part by a low embankment. A double moat and rampart surround the facility. Part of the complex was built over a Neolithic settlement, whereby the Neolithic fragments could only be detected in the area of the front part.
The Kögerl is described as a one-room, more or less rectangular wooden castle (residential tower). The dimensions are approx. 5.5 m to 6.8 m in width and a total of 12.2 m in length. The Kögerl was built on top of the fire layer of a previous building, which was carefully leveled and covered with a layer of clay about 60 cm thick. In some places there is a single-layer paving made of coarse, plate-shaped stones below the clay floor. There is no stove, although stoves were not common in houses at that time. Since no post holes could be found, it can be assumed that the house was built as a block construction without wall studs and without stone foundations. The building was divided into a higher part, about 4.3 m long, and a lower part, 2.5 m long, which was separated by a wooden barrier. The different heights are due to the different layers of clay above the fire layer. In the raised part, post holes of round posts and rod holes were found, the function of which is unclear. In front of it is a trapezoidal, approximately 4.2 m long porch, which contained the entrance and has three built-in, nested walls inside.
The wooden castle was protected by a palisade . At the lower edge of the embankment there was a palisade, in which the trench was 80 cm deep and 1.7 m wide. The upper width of the trench was 4.1 m. Along the foot of the embankment there was a single layer of stone slabs about 3 m wide with an extension of 11 m, some of which reached a height of 1.5 m. This part of the complex can be interpreted as a retaining wall.
Found neolithische and medieval clay fragments (presumably 12th century), two gold-plated Roman jewelry breakdown discs (each having a bipedal, to the right or left border gripping ), the copper sheath covering a knife and a cylindrical amber bead. The finds made at the Kögerl can be seen in the Museum of Bad Wimsbach-Neydharting .
- Burgstall Kögerl
Burgstall Kögerl: Former moat
Villa on the former Kögerl castle stable
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Burgstall Kögerl today
Nothing is known about the end of the castle. The archaeological excavations took place in 1959 and 1960; At that time the castle hill and the surrounding ramparts were clearly recognizable and the historical building details could be secured. When a villa was built in the 1970s, the site of the castle stables and the surrounding ramparts were partially leveled and the Kögerl stalls largely destroyed. Today the Moos 50 house is located on Burgplatz.
literature
- Oskar Hille: Castles and palaces in Upper Austria then and now . Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Sons, Horn 1975, ISBN 3-85028-023-3 .
- Josef Reitinger: The prehistoric and early historical finds in Upper Austria (= series of publications of the Upper Austrian Museum Association . Volume 3 ). Upper Austrian Provincial Publishing House, Linz 1968.
- Christian K. Steingruber : A critical consideration of the historical-topographical manual of the fortifications and mansions of Upper Austria . Upper Austrian Provincial Archives , Linz 2013.
- Eduard Beninger (with an introduction by Kurt Holter ): Research on castle archeology: Kögerl and Steinbach. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Year 109, Linz 1964, pp. 194–232 ( PDF (9.3 MB) on ZOBODAT ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Christian K. Steingruber , 2013, p. 124.