CXCR1
| CXCR1 | ||
|---|---|---|
|
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| 3D structural model of the CXCR1 | ||
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 350 AS ; 39.8 kDa | |
| Secondary to quaternary structure | 7TM | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene names | CXCR1 , IL-8R A, CDw128a, CD181 | |
| External IDs | ||
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Vertebrates | |
CXCR1 (short for CXC motif chemokine receptor 1 , also interleukin-8 receptor alpha ( IL-8RA ), CDw128a , CD181 ) is a receptor protein from the chemokine receptor family . CXCR1 occurs particularly on the surface of cells of the immune system , such as neutrophils and macrophages . This receptor can be stimulated by the chemokines CXCL6 (GCP-2) and CXCL8 ( interleukin 8) and mediates its effects by activating an intracellular signal transduction cascade in which G i proteins are involved. CXCR1 is assigned an important role in the development of inflammatory diseases and tumor growth .
Occurrence
CXCR1 can be detected in particular on neutrophils and macrophages, but also on eosinophils , basophils , dendritic cells and T lymphocytes .
biochemistry
Like its close relative, the membrane protein CXCR2 , CXCR1 is encoded by a gene on chromosome 2 locus q33-q36.
Structurally, CXCR1 is one of the G protein-coupled receptors . After its ligands have been attached, a signal transduction cascade is activated inside the cell, in which G proteins, Ca 2+ and MAP kinases are involved. The signal transduction cascade also includes activation of integrins and changes in the cytoskeleton. These are prerequisites for a targeted movement ( chemotaxis ) of CXCR2-expressing cells towards a chemokine gradient.
function
The function of CXCR1 is similar to that of its relative CXCR2. In addition, both receptors are often expressed on the same cell types. In the presence of the common ligand CXCL8, the role of CXCR1 with respect to chemotaxis of neutrophils, superoxide production and signal transduction activation is believed to dominate.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF et al. : International union of pharmacology. XXII. Nomenclature for chemokine receptors . In: Pharmacol. Rev. . 52, No. 1, March 2000, pp. 145-176. PMID 10699158 .