Capsicophysalis potosina
| Capsicophysalis potosina | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Capsicophysalis | ||||||||||||
| ( Bitter ) Averett & M.Martínez | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Capsicophysalis potosina | ||||||||||||
| ( BLRob. & Greenm. ) Averett & M.Martínez |
Capsicophysalis potosina is a species of plant inthe nightshade family (Solanaceae). It was originally described in 1895 as Chamaesaracha potosina , but in 2009 it was the only species in the genus Capsicophysalis .
description
Capsicophysalis potosina is an herbaceous , annual or short perennial plant that reaches a height of up to 1 m. The plant is predominantly hairless, some trichomes can only be found along the stems and the leaf margins. The leaves are short stalked, the leaf blade is 2 to 4 cm long and 1 to 2 cm wide and thus about 1/2 times as wide as long. The shape of the leaf blade is ovate-lanceolate, tapering towards the front. The leaf margin is entire.
The flowers stand individually or in pairs in the armpits on about 3 cm long flower stalks . The calyx is about 15 mm long and 12 mm wide at the flowering time, bell-shaped and rounded at the base. The sepals are separated from one another on half to three quarters of the length and form pointed to slightly tapered calyx tips. The crown is about 1 cm long, wheel-shaped-bell-shaped and colored yellow-white. The stamens are 3 mm long. The anthers are 2 mm long and white-yellow in color, they are fused with the stamens at their base.
On the fruit, the calyx enlarges to 8 to 12 mm in length and width, is bell-shaped and protrudes over the fruit, when the fruit is ripe it bends back. The fruit is an orange-red to bright red berry . The seeds are dark brown and have a wart-like surface with rod-shaped protrusions.
distribution
The species occurs from Mexico ( Guerrero and Tamaulipas ) to Guatemala and Honduras .
Botanical history and systematics
Capsicophysalis potosina was first described in 1895 by Benjamin Lincoln Robinson and Jesse More Greenman as Chamaesaracha potosina . There she was listed in the Capsicophysalis section . The section was first described by Georg Bitter in 1924 as a section of the genus of the bladder cherries ( Physalis ), but was placed in the genus Chamaesaracha by Armando Hunziker in 2001 .
Capsicophysalis received the status as an independent genus in 2009 from John Earl Averett and Mahinda Martínez , as they saw the species neither assigned to Chamaesaracha nor to other closely related genera. Due to similar morphological properties, the genus Capsicophysalis is classified by Averett and Martínez in the tribe Physaleae and there in the subtribe Physalineae. They suspect a relationship to the genera Schraderanthus and Brachistus , since bright red or orange-red fruits occur in all three genera, which are otherwise rare within the Physalineae.
literature
- John Earl Averett and Mahinda Martínez: Capsicophysalis: A New Genus Of Solanaceae (Physaleae) from Mexico and Central America . In: Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas , Volume 3, Number 1, 2009. pp. 71-75.