Black-eared sedge

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Black-eared sedge
Black-eared sedge (Carex melanostachya)

Black-eared sedge ( Carex melanostachya )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Black-eared sedge
Scientific name
Carex melanostachya
M.Bieb. ex Willd.

The black-eared sedge ( Carex melanostachya ), also called nodding sedge , is a species of the sedge ( Carex ) genus .

description

The stem is obtuse triangular in cross section.
The leaf sheaths severely fray when torn open.
"Singed" looking tubes with black-brown cover sheets. The tubes have sunken longitudinal nerves.
Female ear
Fruiting female ear
nuts

Vegetative characteristics

The black-eared sedge is a perennial herbaceous plant , stature heights of 30 to 50, rarely reached up to 100 centimeters. It forms runners . The upright stems are bluntly triangular, smooth and only a little rough on top. The gray-green leaves are usually shorter than the stem, 2 to 3 millimeters wide and rolled back at the edge. You are. The basal leaf sheaths are dark purple and fray like a network.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to June. The black-eared sedge is a multi-year old sedge. There are usually two, rarely one or three, male spikelets that are relatively narrow with a width of 2 to 3 millimeters. The two to three female spikelets are up to 3.5 inches long and 5 to 7 millimeters wide; they stand distant and upright. Only the lower ones are stalked and nod. The bracts have no or a short sheath and are often longer than the inflorescences.

The bracts are dark purple and have a greenish central stripe; they are lanceolate and pointed and only slightly shorter than the fruit. The stylus ends in three pits .

The olive-green and bare fruit is 3.5 to 5 millimeters in length, ovoid to conical, biconvex and longitudinally furrowed. It gradually turns into the bidentate beak.

Occurrence

Carex melanostachya is widespread from Europe through western Asia to northwestern China. It is a meridional to subtemperate, continental floral element .

It grows in damp meadows and ditches on boggy soils with fluctuating water levels, sometimes also on salty soils. In Central Europe it is limited to the colline altitude level . It is very rare, in Germany it occurs only in the Elbe Valley near Magdeburg , in Austria in Lower Austria, Burgenland, Styria, and in the Czech Republic. It thrives in plant communities of the Magnocaricion or Alno-Ulmion associations.

Taxonomy

Carex melanostachya was first published in 1805 by Friedrich August Marschall von Bieberstein in Carl Ludwig Willdenow : Species Plantarum 4, p. 299. Synonyms for Carex melanostachya M.Bieb. ex Willd. are: Carex nutans Host nom. illeg., Carex nutans var. japonica Franch. & Sav. , Carex nutans var. Major Boeckeler , Carex bicuspidata rule ex VIKrecz. , Carex juncoides J. Presl & C. Presl , Carex ledebourii Boiss. & Buhse , Carex bornmulleri Kük. , Carex ripariiformis Litv. , Carex sulcata Schur .

literature

  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13th edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 (area).
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex melanostachya. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 20, 2016.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  193 .

Web links

Commons : Black-eared Sedge ( Carex melanostachya )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files