Carl Coerper

This article is about the medical scientist, racial and social hygienist Carl Coerper. For a German naval officer (1854–1942) with a similar name, see Carl von Coerper .

Carl Arthur Johannes Coerper (born September 24, 1886 in Elberfeld , † January 4, 1960 in Wuppertal ) was a German physician and racial and social hygienist .

Life

Coerper was the son of a Protestant pastor. He completed a medical degree in Tübingen , Kiel and Bonn and was approved in 1911 and in 1912 as Dr. med. PhD in Heidelberg . He is doing his medical internship in the Heidelberg Children's Clinic and in the German Hospital in London. From 1913 he worked as an assistant doctor in the Barmen infant home. During the First World War , he took part continuously as a senior naval assistant. From 1918 he worked again at the Barmen Children's Clinic as a secondary doctor and in 1920 as a district doctor in the Düsseldorf district . In 1924, after passing the district medical exam, he was appointed head of the Cologne health department. In 1926 he rose to the position of chief medical officer and assistant for the health and welfare system in Cologne. In 1928 Coerper was a co-founder of the German Society for Social Hygiene . He completed his habilitation in 1932 on the relationship between social hygiene and social biology and sociology .

Work during National Socialism

Coerper stayed in office after 1933 because he welcomed the new racial hygiene laws of the National Socialists . He joined the NSDAP and the NS teachers' association and the NSD doctors association . Coerper organized the health system in Cologne according to racial hygiene criteria and created a genetic health file of around 400,000 Cologne residents. More than 3,000 people were forcibly sterilized . Since 1937 Coerper taught as a professor for social hygiene, racial hygiene and public health at the University of Cologne and was curator of the medical faculty. After the heavy bombing raids on Cologne in May 1942, Coerper had the institutions in Hausen-Waldbröl and Klosterhoven cleared and converted into auxiliary hospitals for Cologne bomb victims. Numerous patients and patients from Hausen-Waldbröl and Klosterhoven were brought to Hadamar and murdered there.

Work in the post-war period

After the end of the war, Carl Coerper was dismissed from his offices as chief medical officer, councilor of the city of Cologne and lecturer at the University of Cologne. At the end of 1945 he was employed by the social welfare entrepreneur Karl Pawlowski for his Evangelical Relief Organization in Westphalia . Coerper headed the “Health Services” section. Carl Coerper used old contacts in the health service to collect large amounts of medicines worth several million Reichsmarks for the Evangelical Relief Organization in Westphalia. By 1948 Coerper had founded thirty hospitals and homes for his new employer. Coerper's relationship with his friends Richard Siebeck and Viktor von Weizsäcker enabled Karl Pawlowski to found the first psychosomatic specialist clinic in West Germany, the Wittgenstein Clinic in Bad Berleburg . In 1950 Coerper took over the management of the " Working Group for Health Care " (AGG) at the Institute for the Promotion of Public Affairs, Frankfurt / M. (from 1955 German Center for Public Health Care). In 1952 he resumed lecturing in the subject of "social hygiene" at the University of Cologne and represented a performance-related understanding of health. From 1954 he was deputy chairman of the Federal Committee for Health Education. Carl Coerper died on January 4, 1960 in Wuppertal.

Fonts

• About sugar-breaking enzymes in the faeces of healthy and sick infants. Köhler / Elberfeld, Barmen 1912 (dissertation, University of Heidelberg, 1913).
• The importance of fictional thinking for medical science (= annals of philosophy. Vol. 1). Leipzig 1919.
• Collaboration: Karl Anton Worringen (ed.): What does the doctor need to know about physical exercises? A guide for every doctor and a guide for sports medical practice (= health and sport. Vol. 2). JF Lehmann, Munich 1927.
• The adolescent age. In: Paul Selter (Ed.): Practical health care. Vol. 2, Enke, Stuttgart 1929, pp. 143-204.
• Social hygiene in its relationship to social biology, sociology and social philosophy. Leopold Voss, Leipzig 1932.
• About the tasks of the clinic in the field of social pathology. In: Munich medical weekly. 34: 1329-1332 (1933).
• The sociological diagnosis (= publications from the field of the public health service. Vol. 49/3). R. Schoetz, Berlin 1937.
• Collaboration: Lothar Loeffler (Ed.): Work, leisure and family with regard to marriage, old age and youth. Lectures and results of the working conference of the German Working Group for Youth and Marriage Counseling in 1955 in Nuremberg. Thieme, Stuttgart 1955.

literature

• Sonja Endres: Forced sterilizations in Cologne 1934–1945 (= writings of the NS Documentation Center. Vol. 16). Emons, Cologne 2010.
• Horst Schütz: Health care between humanitarian demands and eugenic obligations: Development and continuity of socio-hygienic views between 1920 and 1960 using the example of Prof. Dr. Carl Coerper (= treatises on the history of medicine and natural sciences. Vol. 98). Matthiesen, Husum 2004.
• Gerald Schwalbach: “Widen the view of the church!” Karl Pawlowski (1898–1964) - diaconal entrepreneur on the borders of church and internal mission. Luther-Verlag, Bielefeld 2012.
• Coerper, Carl, Dr. med. In: Alfons Labisch / Florian Tennstedt : The way to the "Law on the Unification of the Health System" of July 3, 1934. Development lines and moments of the state and municipal health system in Germany , Part 2, Academy for Public Health in Düsseldorf 1985, ISSN 0172 -2131, pp. 391f.

Web links

• Literature by and about Carl Coerper in the catalog of the German National Library
• Carl Coerper . In: Udo Schagen , Sabine Schleiermacher: 100 years of history of social hygiene, social medicine and public health in Germany. Documentation by the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention (DGSMP) , CD-Rom, Berlin 2005.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} 100 years of social hygiene, social medicine and public health in Germany. Edited by Udo Schagen and Sabine Schleiermacher on behalf of the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention (DGSMP). CD-ROM. Institute for the History of Medicine Charité, Berlin 2005.
2. ↑ Coerper, Carl, Dr. med. In: Alfons Labisch / Florian Tennstedt: The way to the "Law on the Unification of the Health System" of July 3, 1934. Development lines and moments of the state and municipal health system in Germany , Part 2, Academy for Public Health in Düsseldorf 1985, ISSN 0172 -2131, pp. 391f.
3. ^ Sonja Endres: Forced sterilizations in Cologne 1934-1945 (= writings of the NS Documentation Center. Vol. 16). Emons, Cologne 2010.
4. ↑ Gerald Schwalbach: “Widen the Church's View!” Karl Pawlowski (1898–1964) - diaconal entrepreneur on the borders of the Church and Inner Mission. Luther-Verlag, Bielefeld 2012, p. 313.
5. ↑ Gerald Schwalbach: “Widen the Church's View!” Karl Pawlowski (1898–1964) - diaconal entrepreneur on the borders of the Church and Inner Mission. Luther-Verlag, Bielefeld 2012, p. 314 and p. 396 ff.
6. ↑ Horst Schütz: Health Care Between Humanitarian Claims and Eugenic Obligations: Development and Continuity of Social Hygiene Views between 1920 and 1960 using the example of Prof. Dr. Carl Coerper (= treatises on the history of medicine and natural sciences. Vol. 98). Matthiesen, Husum 2004.