Waldbröl
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 53 ' N , 7 ° 37' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Administrative region : | Cologne | |
| Circle : | Oberbergischer Kreis | |
| Height : | 280 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 63.32 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 19,553 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 309 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 51545 | |
| Primaries : | 02291, 02292 (Helzen) , 02295 (Geilenkausen, Neuenhähnen, Propach, Pulvermühle, Wippenkausen) , 02296 (Dickhausen, Grünenbach, Rölefeld) | |
| License plate : | GM | |
| Community key : | 05 3 74 044 | |
| LOCODE : | DE WAB | |
| City structure: | 64 districts | |
City administration address : |
Nümbrechte Str. 18-21 51545 Waldbröl |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Peter Koester ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the town of Waldbröl in the Oberbergisches Kreis | ||
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Waldbröl is a small town in the south of the Oberbergisches Kreis in North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ). It bears the additional name "market town".
geography
Geographical location
The city lies on the slopes of the Nutscheid and is part of the Bergisches Land Nature Park . The city of Cologne is 64 kilometers and the city of Bonn 55 kilometers west of Waldbröl.
Neighboring communities
The main town of Waldbröl is much larger than the main towns of all neighboring municipalities and serves them as a shopping and service town. Starting clockwise in the north are the Reichshof , Morsbach , Wissen (Sieg) , Windeck , Ruppichteroth and Nümbrecht . In the south, the city limits also represent the state border with Rhineland-Palatinate with its association community of Wissen .
City structure
In addition to the core town with around 11,000 inhabitants, there are 64 districts:
| A. | Alfenzingen - Altehufen | |
| B. | Baumen - Bech - Bettenhagen - Bettingen - Beuinghausen - Biebelshof - Bladersbach - Bohlenhagen - Brenzingen - Bröl - Brölerhütte - Bruchhausen | |
| D. | Dahl - Dickhausen - Diepenthal - Diezenkausen - Drinhausen | |
| E. | Escherhof - oaks | |
| F. | Driving soaps | |
| G | Geilenkausen - Geiningen - Großenseifen - Grünenbach - Grunewald | |
| H | Hahn - Happach - Heide - Helten - Helzen - Herfen - Hermesdorf - Hillesmühle - Hochwald - Hoff - Hufen | |
| K | Krahwinkel | |
| L. | Luetzingen | |
| M. | Mühlenbach | |
| N | Neuenhähnen - Niederhausen - Niederhof | |
| P | Propach - Puhl - powder mill | |
| R. | Rölefeld - Romberg - Rossenbach - Rottland - Ruh | |
| S. | Schnörringen - Schönenbach - Seifen - Spurkenbach | |
| T | Animal soaps | |
| V | Vierbuchen - Vierbuchen mill | |
| W. | Wehn - Wies - Wilkenroth - Wippenkausen | |
| Z | Ziegenhardt |
history
In 1131 the place was mentioned for the first time as Waltprugele in a papal confirmation of ownership for the St. Cassius monastery in Bonn . Pope Innocent II confirmed the ownership of the church and the tithe in Waldbröl in the document . At that time the settlement belonged to the sphere of influence of the first Berger counts ( Duchy of Berg ) as well as the Sayner. In the same year the construction of a new church began, the tower of which is still standing today (Protestant church). In 1174 Waldbröl came to the Homburg rulership , which belongs to the Counts of Sayn . However, the ownership structure between the Counts von Berg and von Sayn remained controversial.
In 1212 the first inhabitant of Waldbröl was mentioned in a deed of donation when the resident priest Wolradus transferred property to the Siegburg Abbey Michaelsberg . In 1261 the knight families of Isengarten , in 1300 of Diezenkausen and in 1323 of Beuinghausen were mentioned for the first time. They were long time ministerial of the Counts of Sayn and from mountain and received by the counts in the area of today's town fief possession .
In 1314 Waldbröl experienced a plague epidemic and a great famine. The first present-day districts of Waldbröl were mentioned in 1316. In 1575 almost all of today's districts were found on a map by Arnoldus Mercator .
In 1604 Waldbröl fell to the Duchy of Berg as a result of the Siegburg settlement and was added to the Office of Windeck . When Johann Wilhelm , the last Duke of Jülich-Kleve-Berg , died in 1609, the Wittelsbach Duchy of Pfalz-Neuburg was attributed to the Treaty of Xanten Berg and thus also to Waldbröl.
From 1816 to 1932 Waldbröl was the seat of the district administrator of the Prussian district of Waldbröl, which existed at the time .
In 1912, the then little-known English novelist DH Lawrence visited his cousin Hannah Krenkow, who lived in Waldbröl. In addition to numerous letters to his lover Frieda von Richthofen , Lawrence wrote parts of the novel “Sons and Lovers” in Waldbröl, which appeared the following year and established the author's world fame.
In 1913 the city received a visit from Kaiser Wilhelm II , in his honor the main street was renamed "Kaiserstraße".
Robert Ley , who came from Niederbreidenbach near Nümbrecht and was one of the leading representatives of National Socialism , intended to make Waldbröl the “largest city between Cologne and Kassel”. Among other things, the so-called “ People's Tractor Works ”, an “ Adolf Hitler School ” and a KdF hotel were planned. Clemens Klotz was commissioned with the planning . None of this was implemented except for the hotel based on a design by Karl Preus, which, however, was not finished either. The population should rise to up to 300,000. A subway, barracks, a theater, a cinema and a motorway connection should be set up. The plans ran until autumn 1944, but remained stuck in the basics due to the development of the war and Ley's dwindling influence. Only the topographical investigations by the garden and landscape designer Wilhelm Heintz , who was previously involved in the development of the city maps of the "City of Hermann Göring Works " ( Salzgitter ) and the "City of the KdF Wagons" ( Wolfsburg ), were largely carried out completed. Of the few buildings that have been erected, only the “KdF Hotel” has survived, apart from a few ruins. After the war it was used as a hospital, then by the armed forces and, since 2006, as a meeting place for a Buddhist religious community. In addition, the former architect house of the planned Adolf Hitler School still exists . It has been the school camp of the Humboldt-Gymnasium Düsseldorf since the early 1950s .
In 1957, Waldbröl was the third municipality in the Oberbergischer Kreis to be granted city rights.
From 1990 to 2006, Waldbröl was the location of the Federal Armed Forces Academy for Information and Communication , which was founded here and - like its predecessor institutions, "Center for Transformation", "School for Psychological Defense", "Academy for Communication", "Office for Studies and Exercises" "And" Center for Analyzes and Studies "- in the" KdF Hotel "mentioned above.
Since 1990, Waldbröl has been the target of heavy immigration by (late) repatriates from the Soviet Union and the CIS ; at least 3,000 immigrants became new citizens of Waldbröl alone. This process was promoted, among other things, by the fact that Horst Waffenschmidt , who lives in Waldbröl, was the Federal Government's representative for emigrants from 1988 to 1998.
Population development
| year | Residents |
| 1925 | 7.143 |
| 1950 | 11,167 |
| 1953 | 11,266 |
| 1957 | 11.601 |
| 1967 | 12,941 |
| 1990 | 16,244 |
| 1999 | 18,634 |
| year | Residents |
| 2003 | 19,436 |
| 2004 | 19,625 |
| 2005 | 19,636 |
| 2006 | 19,563 |
| 2007 | 19,567 |
| 2017 | 19,415 |
politics
City council
The city council is the municipal representative of the people of Waldbröl. Every five years, citizens decide on the allocation of the 34 seats in a general, direct, free, equal and secret ballot. The results of the city council election on May 25, 2014 and the resulting distribution of seats are shown in the diagrams opposite.
Town twinning
- Witham in Essex , UK, since 1958
- Jueterbog in Brandenburg
- Świebodzice (Freiburg in Silesia) in Poland
Culture and sights
education
There are three community primary schools in the city in Hermesdorf, Isengarten and Wiedenhof. Secondary schools are the Roseggerschule (special school), the community secondary school, the municipal secondary school, the comprehensive school and the Hollenberg grammar school .
Among the vocational schools , the Oberberg vocational college, dept. Waldbröl, and the nursing school district hospital Waldbröl (which has been combined with the nursing school of the district hospital Gummersbach to form the GBZ Oberberg since April 1, 2005) should be mentioned.
A civil service school of the Federal Office for Family and Civil Society Tasks is located here as a further training and further education facility.
theatre
The association WKTheater - Theater im Waldbröler Kulturtreff e. V. regularly performs theater performances in the auditorium of the Hollenberg-Gymnasium.
Religions
The Protestant congregation meets in the Protestant town church , the Catholic parish in St. Michael .
Besides the two major faith communities are also various Free Churches established, including the Free Evangelical community that Christianity Baptist church that Christianity Mennonite Brethren Church , the Christian congregation , the Apostolatsgemeinde of the United Hearts of Jesus and Mary, as well as Jehovah's Witnesses .
There is a mosque in the city for the Islamic community .
Since autumn 2008 Buddhist monks and nuns from the tradition of the Vietnamese Zen teacher Thich Nhat Hanh have been practicing at the European Institute for Applied Buddhism (EIAB), which is located in the former KdF Hotel and also offers courses for interested laypeople.
Denomination statistics
The proportion of the population with a Protestant denomination is 42.7%, the proportion with a Catholic denomination 22.7% (as of December 31, 2018)
Buildings
- Evangelical church with a Romanesque church tower and a font from the 12th century.
- Roman Catholic parish church of St. Michael , built 1705/1706
- Bruchhauser mill
- "The Wall", known as the "Hitler Wall", a remnant of Robert Ley's megalomaniac plans during the Nazi era , offers a panorama of Waldbröl and a distant view of the Oberberg landscape and was part of the planned Adolf Hitler School . In the early 1980s, strangers wrote “Never again war” on the wall in large letters. It is now recognized as a memorial for peace.
- In 1863 the monument to the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. erected at the Protestant church. The monument was donated by the Waldbröl district on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the uprising of the Prussian state. The inscription reads: To King Friedrich Wilhelm III. Waldbröl district - March 17, 1863
Nature and conservation
- Nature reserve (spring moor area) near Waldbröl-Neuenhähnen
- Nutscheid
- Between the southwestern edge of the core town and the Herfen district, the Panarbora nature adventure park has been located on the site of the former Nutscheid barracks on Nutscheidstrasse since autumn 2015 . The park's treetop walk , which is 1635 m long and a maximum of 40 m high, has a 34 m high access and observation tower.
Regular events
The Waldbröler Vieh- und Krammarkt , the city festival , a Martinsmarkt, a Christmas market and various other events take place regularly in the city .
Economy and Infrastructure
Due to its importance as an economic and traffic center of the southern Oberbergischer Kreis, Waldbröl received town charter in 1957 . Urban character can be seen in indicators such as retail centrality (132%), student ratio (23%), crime rate and frequency of traffic accidents (43% and 39% above the district average).
76% of the workforce are employed in the tertiary sector , the manufacturing sector is comparatively little represented, and the commuter balance is negative.
There are two business parks in the city:
- The Boxberg location was occupied from 1966 and has a size of 52,000 m² with currently around 900 jobs.
- The Hermesdorf commercial and industrial park has reached a size of 43,000 m² with around 500 jobs since the settlement began in 1984.
The company spectrum is broad and extends from gear and shop construction to electrical heating technology, plastics processing, pallet and household appliance manufacture to wood and metal construction.
Rail and bus transport
Waldbröl has a train station on the Wiehltalbahn (line 2680), which is currently only used for goods and tourism traffic. In 1965 the passenger traffic was stopped on this, on October 5, 1994 also the freight traffic.
Since then, a citizens' initiative has been campaigning for the preservation of the now listed route.
Passenger traffic on the Bielstein – Waldbröl line was given up in 1957 and the tracks disappeared in 1966.
Waldbröl is therefore only available in regular local rail passenger transport from Dieringhausen station on the Oberbergische Bahn from Cologne main station via Overath , Gummersbach in the direction of Marienheide and from Schladern (Sieg) station on the victory route from Cologne via Troisdorf - Siegburg - Hennef - Au (Sieg) - Betzdorf accessible after victories .
In local road transport , the following lines run from the bus station to all neighboring communities:
- 302: Gummersbach - Wiehl - Nümbrecht - Waldbröl
- 303: Gummersbach - Derschlag - Eckenhagen - Denklingen - Waldbröl
- 311: Nümbrecht - Oberbreidenbach - Diezenkausen - Waldbröl
- 312: Waldbröl - Bröl - Nümbrecht - Bielstein - Ründeroth
- 340: Waldbröl - Holpe - Morsbach
- 342: Waldbröl - Schladern - Rosbach
- 343: Waldbröl - Helten - Rosbach - Leuscheid
- 344: Waldbröl - Kohlberg - Rosbach
- 345: Waldbröl - Wildbergerhütte - Eckenhagen
- 530: Hennef - Ruppichteroth - Waldbröl
In 2006 local politicians tried to shut down the 'railway line 2680' from Reichshof to Waldbröl. “The completely indebted city of Waldbröl was so important to the matter that it ignored the austerity stipulations of the district government. She took out a loan of 430,000 euros from the Landesbetrieb Straßenbau in order to be able to pay the purchase price without authorization. ”After the courts had ruled in favor of the continued operation, the dispute was settled in 2011.
Streets
The city is connected to the national road network via the federal highways 256 and 478 .
Due to its location in the Bergisches Land, there is a well-developed network of hiking trails. ( Hiking trails in the Oberbergisches Land ). Almost all hiking trails are run by the Sauerland Mountain Association. V. (SGV) .
media
Deutsche Telekom transmission tower for broadcasting Radio NRW - Radio Berg on 105.7 MHz with 1 kW ERP.
Public facilities
- District hospital
- Waldbröl police station (district police authority Oberbergischer Kreis) including the district and priority service for Waldbröl, Reichshof, Nümbrecht and Morsbach
- Voluntary fire brigade of the city of Waldbröl with a total of 4 fire stations on Geberstrasse in the city center, in Thierseifen , Geilenkausen and Heide .
- Technical relief organization (OV Waldbröl)
- District Court
- Waldbröl City Library
- Center for Transformation of the Federal Armed Forces ("Academy"; since May 2, 2006 moved to Strausberg ). She was accommodated in the premises of the KdF Hotel mentioned above. Former names of the military "think tank" were school for psychological defense / academy for communication / office for studies and exercises / center for analyzes and studies .
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Aloys Friedrich Wilhelm von Hillesheim (1756 – after 1815), German Enlightenment journalist, economist and Illuminate.
- Johann Wilhelm Pauli gen. Paul von Bettenhagen , freedom fighter (1793-1813, shot) in billets Russians uprising
- Anton Wilhelm von Zuccalmaglio (1803–1869), poet, musicologist and composer
- Wilhelm Jakobs (1858–1942), railway engineer and building officer
- August Haas (1881–1945), trade unionist and politician
- Fritz Marrenbach (1896–1967), politician (NSDAP)
- Ernst Wille (1916–2005), painter
- Helmut Simon (1922–2013), judge at the Federal Constitutional Court from 1970 to 1987
- Helmut Herbst (* 1934), filmmaker born in Escherhof
- Günter Saalmann (* 1936) writer and musician
- Marianne Roetzel (* 1941), sculptor
- Dieter Kremer (* 1942), Romance studies and linguist
- Michael Bertrams (* 1947), 1994 to 2013 President of the Constitutional Court for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia and President of the North Rhine-Westphalian Higher Administrative Court
- Franz Josef Burghardt (* 1952), scientific theorist and historian
- Thomas Schmidt (* 1960), church musician
- Peter Hamburger (* 1966), church musician
- Heiko Kröger (* 1966), sailor
- Christoph Waffenschmidt (* 1969), Head of World Vision Germany
- Meik Gerhards (* 1970), Protestant theology
- Malek Jandali (* 1972), composer and pianist
- Irene Mihalic (* 1976), German politician (Alliance 90 / The Greens)
- Phillip P. Peterson (actually Peter Bourauel; * 1977), science fiction author and graduate engineer
- Volker Engelberth (* 1982), jazz musician
- Jan Schlaudraff (* 1983), soccer player
- Timo Röttger (* 1985), soccer player
- Daniel Schlipf (* 1985), presenter, reporter and singer
- Arne Rudolf (* 1990), actor
Personalities who have worked on site
- August Kind , construction manager in Waldbröl 1849–1850, architect and construction officer for the Reichspost
- Rudolf Braunburg , writer and flight captain, had his last residence here
- Frieder Döring , doctor and writer, graduated from the local high school in 1962
- Klaus-Peter Flosbach , CDU politician, member of the German Bundestag, lives and works in Waldbröl
- Ferdi Huick , Der Bergische Landbote , artist of the Cologne Carnival, had his last residence here
- DH Lawrence , English writer, lived and worked here in 1912
- Salem El-Hamid, former head physician of the local children's clinic, author, general secretary of the German-Syrian society
- Robert Ley , leading NSDAP politician, lived on Gut Rottland from 1935 to 1945
- Manfred Melzer , auxiliary bishop in the Archdiocese of Cologne, previously pastor in Waldbröl from 1989 to 1995
- Horst Waffenschmidt , politician, passed his Abitur at the local high school and was councilor on the city council from 1975 to 2002
- Alice Schwarzer , suffragette and publisher of EMMA magazine.
See also
literature
- Detlev Arens (ed.): "With his gold and fog". The Bergisches Land in the mirror of literature. Bücken & Sulzer, Overath 2004, ISBN 3-936405-13-1 .
- Otto Budde: Waldbröl. How it became what it is (= Oberbergische series. 2). Gronenberg, Gummersbach 1981, ISBN 3-88265-094-X .
- Otto Budde: The village of the fathers and its three oldest associations. Waldbröler Männergesangverein 1862 eV, Warrior and Landwehr Association, Craftsmen Association 1878. Gronenberg, Gummersbach 1987, ISBN 3-88265-141-5 .
- Gottfried Corbach: History of Waldbröl. Scriba-Verlag, Cologne 1973, ISBN 3-921232-03-1 .
- Klas Ewert Everwyn : The Secret of Nicolini. A love in the Bergisch faith struggle. Historical novel. Droste-Verlag, Düsseldorf 2005, ISBN 3-7700-1196-1 .
- Birgit Rosendahl-Kraas: The city of the people's tractor works. A city utopia in the “Third Reich”. The plans and large-scale buildings of the German Labor Front for the city of Waldbröl. Martin Galunder-Verlag, Wiehl 1999, ISBN 3-931251-45-4 .
- Karl Simon: The Oberbergische Kreis. A local reading and work book for school. with the collaboration of Josef Breuer and Fritz Mylenbusch. City of Gummersbach, Gummersbach 1968.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ^ Dieter Mehl : DH Lawrence in Waldbröl. In: Notes and Queries. Volume 31, No. 1 = No. 229, pp. 78-81, 1984, doi : 10.1093 / nq / 31.1.78 (currently unavailable) .
- ↑ Birgit Rosendahl-Kraas: The city of the people's tractor works. A city utopia in the “Third Reich”. The plans and large-scale buildings of the German Labor Front for the city of Waldbröl. Martin Galunder-Verlag, Wiehl 1999, ISBN 3-931251-45-4 , pp. 9, 17, 20-21.
- ↑ Birgit Rosendahl-Kraas: The city of the people's tractor works. A city utopia in the “Third Reich”. The plans and large-scale buildings of the German Labor Front for the city of Waldbröl. Martin Galunder-Verlag, Wiehl 1999, ISBN 3-931251-45-4 , pp. 47-55.
- ↑ Birgit Rosendahl-Kraas: The city of the people's tractor works. 1999.
- ↑ Birgit Rosendahl-Kraas: The city of the people's tractor works. A city utopia in the “Third Reich”. The plans and large-scale buildings of the German Labor Front for the city of Waldbröl. Martin Galunder-Verlag, Wiehl 1999, ISBN 3-931251-45-4 , pp. 16-17.
- ↑ a b City of Waldbröl. European / local elections 2014 .
- ↑ Stadt Waldbröl Portrait Data Facts , accessed on January 18, 2020.
- ↑ Wall lettering is renewed. In: Kölner Stadtanzeiger
- ↑ Representation of the city of Waldbröl
- ↑ Panarbora Nature Park. In: panarbora.de
- ↑ Crime statistics ( Memento from March 13, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Accident statistics ( memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ (Commuter) statistics (PDF; 1.2 MB)
- ↑ Posse on the siding. ( Memento of October 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) In: Die Zeit , December 19, 2007
- ↑ News. In: wiehltalbahn.de
Bergneustadt | Engelskirchen | Gummersbach | Hückeswagen | Lindlar | Marienheide | Morsbach | Nümbrecht | Radevormwald | Reichshof | Waldbröl | Wiehl | Wipperfürth